Design and fabrication of robust broadband extreme ultraviolet multilayers

The random layer thickness variations can induce a great deformation of the experimental reflection of broadband extreme ultraviolet multilayer. In order to reduce this influence of random layer thickness fluctuations, the multiobjective genetic algorithm has been improved and used in the robust design of multilayer with a broad angular bandpass. The robust multilayer with a lower sensitivity to random thickness errors have been obtained and the corresponding multilayer mirrors were fabricated. The experimental results of robust Mo/Si multilayer with a wide angular band were presented and analyzed, and the advantage of robust multilayer design was demonstrated

A γ\gamma-ray Quasi-Periodic modulation in the Blazar PKS 0301−-243?

We report a nominally high-confidence $\gamma$-ray quasi-periodic modulation in the blazar PKS 0301$-$243. For this target, we analyze its \emph{Fermi}-LAT Pass 8 data covering from 2008 August to 2017 May. Two techniques, i.e., the maximum likelihood optimization and the exposure-weighted aperture photometry, are used to build the $\gamma$-ray light curves. Then both the Lomb-Scargle Periodogram and the Weighted Wavelet Z-transform are applied to the light curves to search for period signals. A quasi-periodicity with a period of $2.1\pm0.3$ yr appears at the significance level of $\sim5\sigma$, although it should be noted that this putative quasi-period variability is seen in a data set barely four times longer. We speculate that this $\gamma$-ray quasi-periodic modulation might be evidence of a binary supermassive black hole.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures; Accepted for publication in Ap

N-{N-[N-(1,1-Dimethyl­ethoxy­carbon­yl)-l-leuc­yl]-N-methyl-l-leuc­yl}-N-methyl-l-leucine benzyl ester

The tripeptide title compound, C32H53N3O6, synthesized in 80% yield by coupling of N-methyl-l-leucine benzyl ester with tert-butoxy­carbonyl-l-leucyl-N-methyl-l-leucine at 273 K, conjugates through two amide linkages and includes two protecting groups: a tert-butyl­oxycarbonyl group at the C-tip and a benzyl group at the N-tip. A classical inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond and a weak non-conventional inter­molecular C—H⋯O contact connect the mol­ecules, forming layers parallel to (001)

Inversion formula of multifractal energy dissipation in 3D fully developed turbulence

The concept of inverse statistics in turbulence has attracted much attention in the recent years. It is argued that the scaling exponents of the direct structure functions and the inverse structure functions satisfy an inversion formula. This proposition has already been verified by numerical data using the shell model. However, no direct evidence was reported for experimental three dimensional turbulence. We propose to test the inversion formula using experimental data of three dimensional fully developed turbulence by considering the energy dissipation rates in stead of the usual efforts on the structure functions. The moments of the exit distances are shown to exhibit nice multifractality. The inversion formula between the direct and inverse exponents is then verified.Comment: 3 RevTex pages including 3 eps figure

Adaptive slope reliability analysis method based on sliced inverse regression dimensionality reduction

The response surface model has been widely used in slope reliability analysis owing to its efficiency. However, this method still has certain limitations, especially the curse of high dimensionality when considering the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters. The slice inverse regression dimensionality reduction method is efficient to obtaining the dimensionality-reduction variables from the original soil parameters space, before constructing the response surface. However, the dimensionality reduction process may cause accuracy deficiency due to the loss of variable information. An adaptive slope reliability analysis method is proposed to quantify and correct information loss and errors. Additionally, the slope failure probability based on the response surface in the dimensionality reduction space is modified to an unbiased one based on the finite model in the original space. In this study, two soil slopes considering spatial variability are taken as examples. The results illustrate that this method can effectively reduce the loss of accuracy in the dimensionality reduction process, while obtaining unbiased finite-element-based failure probability effectually. The method addresses the limitation whereby the accuracy of the dimensionality reduction process depends on the sample size and the number of dimensionality-reduction variables. Simultaneously, the proposed method significantly improves the computational efficiency of the sliced inverse regression method and realizes a reasonable dimensionality reduction effect, thereby improving the application of the response surface in practical slope reliability high-dimensional issues

N-[2-(2-Chloro­phen­yl)-2-hy­droxy­eth­yl]propan-2-aminium benzoate

In the title compound, C11H17ClNO+·C7H5O2 −, obtained by the reaction of chlorprenaline {or 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[(1-methylethyl)amino]ethanol} and benzoic acid, the chlorprenaline is twisted moderately [C—C—C—C torsion angle = −76.00 (17)°] compared with related compounds. The mol­ecules as usual form dimers. In the crystal structure, the two components are connected by classical O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds