Can discuss bullying in nursing?

O assédio moral representa uma conduta antiética que rompe com o equilíbrio no ambiente de trabalho e se mostra contrário aos bons costumes e à boa-fé que deve nortear as relações sociais e laborais (Alkimin, 2005). Objetivo: Identificar e analisar a produção científica sobre o fenômeno do assédio moral na enfermagem. Método: Revisão sistemática de literatura com abordagem qualitativa. Critérios de inclusão: todas as categorias de artigos com textos completos; publicados nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol, no período entre 2005 e 2014 e artigos que interligassem assuntos acerca de assédio moral, assédio sexual e enfermagem. Resultados: Dentre os critérios estabelecidos foram selecionados doze artigos. Verificou-se que o assédio moral manifesta-se em formas distintas, vivenciadas em situações concretas pela equipe de enfermagem e agrupadas por similaridade em categorias que retratam as percepções e consequências do fenômeno, bem como as ações adotadas para o seu enfrentamento. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a discussão do fenômeno na área de enfermagem deve ser ampliada para melhor entendimento e enfrentamento do assédio moral por esta categoría com a expectativa de que o fenômeno deixe de ser silencioso e oculto e passe a ser discutido abertamente influindo na melhoria dos processos de trabalho da enfermagem.La intimidación es una conducta no ética que altera el equilibrio en el lugar de trabajo y parece contraria a la moral y la buena fe que deben guiar las relaciones sociales y laborales (Alkmim, 2005). El objetivo de este estudio consiste en identificar y analizar la literatura científica sobre el fenómeno del bullying en enfermeira. Método: Revisión bibliográfica sistemática con enfoque cualitativo. Criterios de inclusión: todas las categorías de artículos con texto completo; publicado en portugués, inglés o español entre 2005 y 2014 y artículos interconexión cuestiones acerca de la intimidación, el acoso sexual y de enfermería. Resultados: Entre los criterios establecidos se seleccionaron doce artículos. Se encontró que el acoso se manifiesta de diferentes maneras, en situaciones concretas experimentadas por el personal de enfermería y agrupados por similitud en categorías que representan las percepciones y las consecuencias del fenómeno, así como las medidas adoptadas para resolverlos. Conclusión: Llegamos a la conclusión de que la discusión del fenómeno en enfermería debe ampliarse a una mejor comprensión y haciendo frente a la intimidación en esta categoría con la expectativa de que el fenómeno ya no es silenciosa, oculta y pasa a ser discutido abiertamente influir en la mejora de procesos del trabajo de enfermería.Bullying is an unethical conduct that disrupts the balance in the workplace and appears contrary to morals and good faith that should guide social and labor relations (Alkmim, 2005). Objective: Identify and analyze the scientific literature on the phenomenon of bullying in nursing. Method: Systematic literature review with qualitative approach. Inclusion criteria: all categories of articles with full text; published in Portuguese, English or Spanish between 2005 and 2014 and articles interconnect issues about bullying, sexual harassment and nursing. Results: Among the established criteria were selected twelve articles. It was found that bullying manifests itself in different ways, in concrete situations experienced by nursing staff and grouped by similarity into categories that depict the perceptions and consequences of the phenomenon as well as the actions taken for solving them. Conclusion: We conclude that the discussion of the phenomenon in nursing should be expanded to better understanding and coping with bullying in this category with the expectation that the phenomenon is no longer silent, hidden and pass to be discussed openly influencing the process improvement of the nursing work

Select cognitive deficits in Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide deficient mice

Research articl

Increasing compliance with wearing a medical device in children with autism

Health professionals often recommend the use of medical devices to assess the health, monitor the well-being, or improve the quality of life of their patients. Children with autism may present challenges in these situations as their sensory peculiarities may increase refusals to wear such devices. To address this issue, we systematically replicated prior research by examining the effects of differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) to increase compliance with wearing a heart rate monitor in 2 children with autism. The intervention increased compliance to 100% for both participants when an edible reinforcer was delivered every 90 s. The results indicate that DRO does not require the implementation of extinction to increase compliance with wearing a medical device. More research is needed to examine whether the reinforcement schedule can be further thinned

CIRS-lite, a Fourier Transform Spectrometer for Low-Cost Planetary Missions

Passive spectroscopic remote sensing of planetary atmospheres and surfaces in the thermal infrared is a powerful tool for obtaining information about surface and atmospheric temperatures, composition, and dynamics (via the thermal wind equation). Due to its broad spectral coverage, the Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) is particularly suited to the exploration and discovery of molecular species. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) developed the CIRS (Composite Infrared Spectrometer) FTS for the NASA/ESA Cassini mission to the Saturnian system. CIRS observes Saturn, Titan, icy moons such as Enceladus, and the rings in thermal self-emission over the spectral range of 7 to 1000 ell11. CIRS has given us important new insights into stratospheric composition and jets on Jupiter and Saturn, the cryo-geyser and thermal stripes on Enceladus, and the winter polar vortex on Titan. CIRS has a mass of 43 kg, contrasted with the earlier GSFC FTS, pre-Voyager IRIS (14 kg). Future low-cost planetary missions will have very tight constraints on science payload mass, thus we must endeavor to return to IRIS-level mass while maintaining CIRS-level science capabilities ("do more with less"). CIRS-lite achieves this by pursuing: a) more sensitive infrared detectors (high Tc superconductor) to enable smaller optics. b) changed long wavelength limit from 1000 to 300 microns to reduce diffraction by smaller optics. c) CVD (chemical vapor deposition) diamond beam-splitter for broad spectral coverage. d) single FTS architecture instead of a dual FTS architecture. e) novel materials, such as single crystal silicon for the input telescope primary

Training Paradigms in Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery: an Overview of the Different Fellowship Pathways

Hepato-pancreatico-biliary (HPB) surgery, and the training of HPB surgeons, has evolved significantly over the last several decades. The current state of training in HPB surgery in North America is defined through three main pathways: the Complex General Surgical Oncology (CGSO) ACGME fellowship, the American Society of Transplant Surgeons (ASTS) fellowship, and the Americas Hepatopancreaticobiliary Association (AHPBA) fellowship. These fellowships offer variable experiences in pancreas, liver, and biliary cases, and each pathway offers a unique perspective on HPB surgery. The CGSO ACGME, ASTS, and AHPBA fellowships represent decades of work by the three major surgical leadership stakeholders to improve and ensure quality training of future HPB surgeons. The best care is provided by the HPB surgeon who has been trained to understand the importance of all available treatment options within the context of a multidisciplinary setting. The three fellowship pathways are outlined in this paper with the nuances and variations characteristic of the different training programs highlighted

A Two-Stage Cluster Sampling Method Using Gridded Population Data, a GIS, and Google Earth(TM) Imagery in a Population-Based Mortality Survey in Iraq

BACKGROUND: Mortality estimates can measure and monitor the impacts of conflict on a population, guide humanitarian efforts, and help to better understand the public health impacts of conflict. Vital statistics registration and surveillance systems are rarely functional in conflict settings, posing a challenge of estimating mortality using retrospective population-based surveys. RESULTS: We present a two-stage cluster sampling method for application in population-based mortality surveys. The sampling method utilizes gridded population data and a geographic information system (GIS) to select clusters in the first sampling stage and Google Earth TM imagery and sampling grids to select households in the second sampling stage. The sampling method is implemented in a household mortality study in Iraq in 2011. Factors affecting feasibility and methodological quality are described. CONCLUSION: Sampling is a challenge in retrospective population-based mortality studies and alternatives that improve on the conventional approaches are needed. The sampling strategy presented here was designed to generate a representative sample of the Iraqi population while reducing the potential for bias and considering the context specific challenges of the study setting. This sampling strategy, or variations on it, are adaptable and should be considered and tested in other conflict settings

Robotic Extrusion of Algae-Laden Hydrogels for Large-Scale Applications

A bioprinting technique for large‐scale, custom‐printed immobilization of microalgae is developed for potential applications within architecture and the built environment. Alginate‐based hydrogels with various rheology modifying polymers and varying water percentages are characterized to establish a window of operation suitable for layer‐by‐layer deposition on a large scale. Hydrogels formulated with methylcellulose and carrageenan, with water percentages ranging from 80% to 92.5%, demonstrate a dominant viscoelastic solid–like property with G′ > G″ and a low phase angle, making them the most suitable for extrusion‐based printing. A custom multimaterial pneumatic extrusion system is developed to be attached on the end effector of an industrial multiaxis robot arm, allowing precision‐based numerically controlled layered deposition of the viscous hydrogel. The relationship between the various printing parameters, namely air pressure, material viscosity, viscoelasticity, feed rate, printing distance, nozzle diameter, and the speed of printing, are characterized to achieve the desired resolution of the component. Printed prototypes are postcured in CaCl2 via crosslinking. Biocompatibility tests show that cells can survive for 21 days after printing the constructs. To demonstrate the methodology for scale‐up, a 1000 × 500 mm fibrous hydrogel panel is additively deposited with 3 different hydrogels with varying water percentages

Initial Studies of the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Structures for Stray Light Control Applications

The presentation examines the application of low reflectance surfaces in optical instruments, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), research objects, MWCNT samples, measurement of 8 deg. directional/hemispherical reflectance, measurement of bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF), and what is current the "blackest ever black"