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    Urine and milk iodine concentrations in healthy and congenitally hypothyroid neonates and their mothers

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    Wst臋p: Cz臋ste wyst臋powanie wrodzonej niedoczynno艣ci tarczycy (CH, congenital hypothyroidism) w Iranie sk艂oni艂o autor贸w do oceny roli jodu w etiologii CH, opieraj膮c si臋 na por贸wnaniu jego st臋偶enia w moczu zdrowych noworodk贸w i noworodk贸w z wrodzon膮 niedoczynno艣ci膮 tarczycy oraz w mleku i moczu ich matek. Materia艂 i metody: W tym przekrojowym badaniu zmierzono st臋偶enie jodu w moczu (UIC, urinary iodine concentration) noworodk贸w z CH oraz UIC i st臋偶enie jodu w mleku (MIC, milk iodine concentration) ich matek, a nast臋pnie por贸wnano je z wynikami otrzymanymi w grupie kontrolnej. Warto艣ci UIC zmierzone u noworodk贸w i karmi膮cych matek podzielono na 3 kategorie: niskie UIC < 150 mg/l, 艣rednie - 150-230 mg/l i wysokie > 230 mg/l. Analogiczne kategorie przyj臋to dla MIC: niskie 180 mg/l. Wyniki: Mediana UIC u noworodk贸w z CH (n = 68) i u zdrowych noworodk贸w (n = 179) wynosi艂a odpowiednio 300,5 i 290,5 mg/dl, (P > 0,05). Mediana UIC w grupach badanej i kontrolnej wynosi艂a odpowiednio 150 i 130 mg/l (P > 0,05). Mediana MIC w grupie badanej by艂a wi臋ksza ni偶 w grupie kontrolnej (210 mg/l v. 170 mg/l, P < 0,05). Stwierdzono dodatni膮 korelacj臋 mi臋dzy UIC u noworodk贸w i MIC u ich matek. Nie wykazano wyra藕nej zale偶no艣ci mi臋dzy UIC i st臋偶eniem TSH w surowicy u noworodk贸w oraz UIC I MIC u matek. Wnioski: Spo偶ycie sodu w badanej populacji by艂o prawid艂owe. Nadmierna poda偶 sodu mo偶e by膰 czynnikiem ryzyka CH, jednak w badaniu wykazano brak korelacji mi臋dzy MIC I UIC u matek i podobne warto艣ci mediany UIC u noworodk贸w w obu grupach, dlatego do sformu艂owania jednoznacznych wniosk贸w potrzebne s膮 dalsze badania. (Endokrynol Pol 2010; 61 (4): 371-376)Introduction: In view of the high prevalence of Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) in Iran, in this study we evaluated the role of iodine in the aetiology of CH by comparing urine and milk iodine concentrations in healthy and congenitally hypothyroid neonates and their mothers. Material and methods: In a cross-sectional study, urinary iodine concentrations (UIC) in newborns with CH, as well as UIC and the milk iodine concentrations (MIC) of their mothers, were measured and compared with a control group. The lower, mid, and upper range of UIC for neonates and lactating mothers was considered to be 230 mg/L, and lower, mid, and upper range of MIC was considered to be 180 mg/L, respectively. Results: The median UICs in subjects with CH (n = 68) and healthy subjects (n = 179) were 300.5 and 290.5 mg/L, respectively (P > 0.05). The median UICs in the case and control groups were 150 and 130 mg/L, respectively (P > 0.05). The median MIC in the case group was higher than in the control group (210 mg/L v. 170 mg/L, P < 0.05).There was a positive correlation between newborn UIC and MIC. There was no significant correlation between newborn UIC and serum TSH, maternal UIC and maternal MIC, or newborn UIC and serum TSH. Conclusions: There is no inadequacy in iodine intake in the studied population. Iodine excess could be a possible risk factor for CH, but there were findings, such as lack of correlation between maternal MIC and UIC, and the median neonatal UIC, which was similar in the two groups, so, drawing conclusions should be done with some caution and requires further studies. (Pol J Endocrinol 2010; 61 (4): 371-376
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