Evaluation of NK cell level and HLA-G1 expression in peripheral blood in threatened-abortion

Background: Pregnancy is a phenomenon that antigens of semi allogenic fetus are in direct contact with mother's immune system. Immune dysregulation can cause fetus rejection by mother's immune system responses. Human leukocyte antigen-G1, as an immunotolerant molecule has a major role to induce tolerance during pregnancy by suppression of natural killer cells through inhibitor receptors on these cells. Natural killer cells have an important role in immune surveillance and these cells can be reaction with HLA-G molecules on the trophoblast cells surface. This function prevents natural killer cell invasion against fetus trophoblast cells. The purpose of this study was determination of natural killer cells percent and human leukocyte antigen-G1 expression in peripheral blood of threatened-abortion pregnant women in comparison with control group. Methods: This case-control study was conducted from, February 2014 to October, 2014 in Baghban Clinic in Sari City, Mazandaran province. We investigated 21 threatened-abortion women with light bleeding or spotting less than twenty weeks of pregnancy in comparison with 21 normal pregnant women as control group. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell was isolated by ficoll histopaque (1.077) and natural killer cells percent were evaluated by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we assessed the human leukocyte antigen-G1 isoforms expression by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in case and control groups. Results: The results of this study was shown that natural killer cells percent in threatened-abortion pregnant women was significantly higher than normal pregnant women (P=0.03). In addition, human leukocyte antigen-G1 isoform had a lower expression in threatened-abortion pregnant women in comparison with control group (P=0.004). Conclusion: Decreasing of human leukocyte antigen-G1 expression with increasing of natural killer cells level in threatened-abortion pregnant women is an indicator of mother's immune system dysregulation in comparison with control group. Therefore, it is concluded that in the threatened-abortion pregnant women, human leukocyte antigen-G1 expression level with natural killer cells percent as diagnostic marker must be determine

Uterine Natural Killer Cell and Human Leukocyte Antigen-G1 and Human Leukocyte Antigen-G5 Expression in Vaginal Discharge of Threatened-Abortion Women: A Case-Control Study

The immunotolerant human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) molecules have a major role in fetal-maternal tolerance during pregnancy. Interaction between these molecules and uterine natural killer (uNK) cells inhibitory receptors prevents NK cell invasion against fetus trophoblast cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the percentages of uNK cells and HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 isoforms expression in vaginal discharge of threatened-abortion women in comparison with control. In a case-control study, we investigated 30 threatened-abortion women with bleeding or spotting less than 20 weeks of pregnancy as compared to 30 normal pregnant women. uNK cells percentage was assessed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we evaluated HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 isoforms expression by Real-Time PCR in these groups. The results of this study showed that threatened-abortion women had increased uNK cells and decreased T cells percentage in vaginal discharge in comparison with normal pregnant women (p=0.01, p=0.003, resp.). In addition, HLA-G1 isoform had lower expression in threatened-abortion women in comparison with control group p=0.0001. The increase of uNK cells level with the decrease of HLA-G expression in vaginal discharge of threatened-abortion pregnant women is an indicator of mother’s immune dysregulation. It is concluded that HLA-G expression level with uNK cells percentage can be determined as a diagnostic marker for threatened-abortion women

Antigen-G1 and Human Leukocyte Antigen-G5 Expression in Vaginal Discharge of Threatened-Abortion Women: A Case-Control Study

The immunotolerant human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) molecules have a major role in fetal-maternal tolerance during pregnancy. Interaction between these molecules and uterine natural killer (uNK) cells inhibitory receptors prevents NK cell invasion against fetus trophoblast cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the percentages of uNK cells and HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 isoforms expression in vaginal discharge of threatened-abortion women in comparison with control. In a case-control study, we investigated 30 threatened-abortion women with bleeding or spotting less than 20 weeks of pregnancy as compared to 30 normal pregnant women. uNK cells percentage was assessed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we evaluated HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 isoforms expression by Real-Time PCR in these groups. The results of this study showed that threatened-abortion women had increased uNK cells and decreased T cells percentage in vaginal discharge in comparison with normal pregnant women ( = 0.01, = 0.003, resp.). In addition, HLA-G1 isoform had lower expression in threatened-abortion women in comparison with control group ( = 0.0001). The increase of uNK cells level with the decrease of HLA-G expression in vaginal discharge of threatened-abortion pregnant women is an indicator of mother's immune dysregulation. It is concluded that HLA-G expression level with uNK cells percentage can be determined as a diagnostic marker for threatened-abortion women