IN VITRO FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF ARISTOLOCHIA TAGALA

Objective: Study of antioxidant activity of a crude aqueous-methanol extract of Aristolochia tagala and its fractions and identification of the compounds with antioxidant activity.Methods: The antioxidant activity was assayed by the ability to scavenge free radicals such as superoxide, nitric oxide and ABTS radical cation and the identification of compounds was carried out by LC/MS analysis.Results: Fraction I of Aristolochia tagala showed the highest free radical scavenging activity and compounds responsible for its activity were identified as magnoflorine, apigenin dimethyl ether, aristolone, and N-trans-feruloyldopamine.Conclusion: The free radical scavenging property of the compounds present in Aristolochia tagala may be one mechanism that contributed to medicinal property exhibited by this plant

Clinical Relevance of Transjugular Liver Biopsy in Comparison with Percutaneous and Laparoscopic Liver Biopsy

Background. Transjugular liver biopsy (TJLB) is frequently used to obtain liver specimens in high-risk patients. However, TJLB sample size possibly limits their clinical relevance. Methods. 102 patients that underwent TJLB were included. Clinical parameters and outcome of TJLB were analyzed. Control samples consisted of 112 minilaparoscopic liver biopsies (mLLBs) and 100 percutaneous liver biopsies (PLBs). Results. Fewer portal tracts were detected in TJLB (4.3 ± 0.3) in comparison with PLB (11.7 ± 0.5) and mLLB (11.0 ± 0.6). No difference regarding the specification of indeterminate liver disease and staging/grading of chronic hepatitis was observed. In acute liver failure (n = 32), a proportion of hepatocellular necrosis beyond 25% was associated with a higher rate of death or liver transplantation. Conclusions. Despite smaller biopsy samples the impact on the clinical decision process was found to be comparable to PLB and mLLB. TJLB represents a helpful tool to determine hepatocellular necrosis rates in patients with acute liver failure

Технологические решения для строительства разведочной вертикальной скважины глубиной 2800 метров на нефтяном месторождении (Томская область)

Цель работы – проектирование строительства разведочной вертикальной скважины глубиной 2800 метров на Лесмуровском нефтяном месторождении Томской области. В работе содержатся данные о геолого-геофизических данных Лесмуровского месторождения, технологических параметрах сооружения скважины, процессах бурения и заканчивания скважин, выбранном оборудовании, вопросы охраны окружающей среды и оценка экономической эффективности строительства скважины. Дипломная работа выполнена, опираясь на современные достижения техники и технологии в области строительства нефтяных и газовых скважин.The aim of the work is the design of the construction of an exploratory vertical well with a depth of 2,800 meters at the Lesmurovskoye oil field in the Tomsk Region. The work contains data on the geological and geophysical data of the Lesmurovskoye oil field, the technological parameters of the well construction, the drilling and completion processes, the selected equipment, environmental issues and the economic evaluation of well construction. The thesis is executed, relying on modern achievements of technology and technology in the field of oil and gas well construction

Effect of acute kidney injury requiring extended dialysis on 28 day and 1 year survival of patients undergoing interventional lung assist membrane ventilator treatment

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Extracorporeal lung assist devices are increasingly used in the intensive care unit setting to improve extracorporeal gas exchange mainly in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. ARDS is frequently accompanied by acute kidney injury; however it is so far unknown how the combination of these two conditions affects long term survival of critically ill patients.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In a retrospective analysis of a tertiary care hospital we evaluated all patients undergoing interventional lung assist (iLA) treatment between January 1^st2005 and December 31^st2009. Data from all 61 patients (31 F/30 M), median age 40 (28 to 52) years were obtained by chart review. Follow up data up to one year were obtained.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of the 61 patients undergoing iLA membrane ventilator treatment 21 patients had acute kidney injury network (AKIN) stage 3 and were treated by extended dialysis (ED). Twenty-eight day survival of all patients was 33%. While patients without ED showed a 28 day survival of 40%, the survival of patients with ED was only 19%. Patients on ED were not different in respect to age, weight, Horowitz index and underlying disease.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>AKI requiring ED therapy in patients undergoing iLA treatment increases mortality in ICU patients. Patients in whom iLA was placed as a bridge to lung transplantation and that were successfully transplanted showed the best outcome. Future studies have to clarify whether it is possible to identify patients that truly benefit from the combination of these two extracorporeal treatment methods.</p

A case of emphysematous hepatitis with spontaneous pneumoperitoneum in a patient with hilar cholangiocarcinoma

An 80-year-old woman with hilar cholangiocarcinoma was hospitalized due to sudden-onset abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed hepatic necrosis accompanied with emphysematous change in the superior segment of the right liver (S7/S8), implying spontaneous rupture, based on the presence of perihepatic free air. Although urgent percutaneous drainage was performed, neither pus nor fluids were drained. These findings suggest emphysematous hepatitis with a hepatic mass. Despite the application of intensive care, the patient's condition deteriorated rapidly, and she died 3 days after admission to hospital. Liver gas has been reported in some clinical diseases (e.g., liver abscess) to be caused by gas-forming organisms; however, emphysematous hepatitis simulating emphysematous pyelonephritis is very rare. The case reported here was of fatal emphysematous hepatitis in a patient with hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Закономерности микроструктурных изменений в титановом сплаве ВТ6 при деформации и наводороживании

Объектом исследования являются образцы титанового сплава марки ВТ6 прокатанные до различных степеней деформации методом механической прокатки. Исследование дефектной структуры проводилось с использованием методов позитронной спектроскопии, которые могут определять тип и концентрацию дефектов, а также химическое окружение данных дефектов. Однако, для получения количественной и качественной оценки количества дефектов методами позитронной спектроскопии необходима дополнительная информация о базовых дефектах и их влиянии на характеристики позитронной аннигиляции. Целью работы является анализ структурных изменений в титановом сплаве ВТ6 в зависимости от степени холоднокатаной пластической деформации и после наводороживания.The object of the study are samples of titanium alloy grade VT6 rolled to various degrees of deformation by mechanical rolling. The study of the defect structure was carried out using positron spectroscopy methods, which can determine the type and concentration of defects, as well as the chemical environment of these defects. However, to obtain a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the number of defects by the methods of positron spectroscopy, additional information is needed about the basic defects and their effect on the positron annihilation characteristics. The aim of the work is to analyze the structural changes in titanium alloy VT6, depending on the degree of cold-rolled plastic deformation and after hydrogenation

Management of liver failure in general intensive care unit

OBJECTIVE: To produce French guidelines on Management of Liver failure in general Intensive Care Unit (ICU). DESIGN: A consensus committee of 23 experts from the French Society of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Société française d'anesthésie et de réanimation, SFAR) and the French Association for the Study of the Liver (Association française pour l'étude du foie, AFEF) was convened. A formal conflict-of-interest (COI) policy was developed at the start of the process and enforced throughout. The entire guideline process was conducted independently of any industrial funding. The authors were advised to follow the principles of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to guide their assessment of the quality of evidence. The potential drawbacks of making strong recommendations in the presence of low-quality evidence were emphasised. Some recommendations were ungraded. METHODS: Two fields were defined: acute liver failure (ALF) and cirrhotic patients in general ICU. The panel focused on three questions with respect to ALF: (1) Which etiological examinations should be performed to reduce morbidity and mortality? (2) Which specific treatments should be initiated rapidly to reduce morbidity and mortality? (3) Which symptomatic treatment should be initiated rapidly to reduce morbidity and mortality? Seven questions concerning cirrhotic patients were addressed: (1) Which criteria should be used to guide ICU admission of cirrhotic patients in order to improve their prognosis? (2) Which specific management of kidney injury should be implemented to reduce morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic ICU patients? (3) Which specific measures to manage sepsis in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic ICU patients? (4) In which circumstances, human serum albumin should be administered to reduce morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic ICU patients? (5) How should digestive haemorrhage be treated in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic ICU patients? (6) How should haemostasis be managed in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic ICU patients? And (7) When should advice be obtained from an expert centre in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic ICU patients? Population, intervention, comparison and outcome (PICO) issues were reviewed and updated as required, and evidence profiles were generated. An analysis of the literature and recommendations was then performed in accordance with the GRADE® methodology. RESULTS: The SFAR/AFEF Guidelines panel produced 18 statements on liver failure in general ICU. After two rounds of debate and various amendments, a strong agreement was reached on 100% of the recommendations: six had a high level of evidence (Grade 1 ±), seven had a low level of evidence (Grade 2 ±) and six were expert judgments. Finally, no recommendation was provided with respect to one question. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial agreement exists among experts regarding numerous strong recommendations on the optimum care of patients with liver failure in general ICU