New Vision Zero Measures with the use of Telematics and Mobility Data

Worldwide, 1.35 million people die every year as a result of road accidents [Status 2018]. More than half of all traffic deaths are among vulnerable road users: pedestrians, cyclist, and motorcyclists [1]. To reduce this number, there are many approaches, an effective and sustainable variant is the Vision Zero(VZ). First and foremost, VZ should be seen as a strategy based on an ethical foundation, creating and supporting a totally new perspective on the road safety problem and the approach to solve it. In Germany, the German Road Safety Council (DVR) has pursued the strategy since 2006 and in 2018 the German Parliament has committed to VZ in the coalition agreement [2]. Since the turn of the century, many European countries have been pursuing the vision of zero traffic fatalities. Numerous VZ measures for traffic infrastructure, vehicle safety features and for instruction have been defined, implemented and validated in order to improve traffic safety, but facing new digital technologies as telematics systems and mobility data via smart phone sensors, these measures need to be redefined in order to be smarter, more efficient and cheaper.</jats:p

Case Discussion

Case A 59-year-old man presents to a major tertiary hospital with chest pain and electrocardiographic abnormalities including diffuse ST-segment elevations. During the intensive care course the patient develops increasing respiratory failure. The discussants on this roundtable case report address diagnostic challenges, therapeutic aims, and goals of treatment in order to meet expected quality standards. </jats:sec

Surface ionization detection of amine containing drugs

We report on the development of miniaturized detection systems for amine containing illicit drugs. The present investigation builds on our previous work, which has shown that surface ionization (SI) gas detection is very sensitive and selective towards molecules with amine functional groups and insensitive towards water vapour and methanol, i.e. two chemicals often used to prepare liquid solutions of illicit drug samples. Here we firstly demonstrate that amine-containing illicit drugs can be sensitively detected using flash evaporation directly into the air gap of a SI detector. We also demonstrate that this kind of straight-forward detection is insensitive to most additives present in street samples. Secondly, we demonstrate that SI vapour detectors can easily be interfaced to gas-chromatographic columns, which provides selectivity options beyond the intrinsic amine selectivity of SI detectors. Furthermore, the use of a GC-SI set-up with a split/splitless injection system has allowed us to precisely evaluate the SI detection limit

Surface ionization detection of amine containing drugs

We report on the development of miniaturized detection systems for amine containing illicit drugs. The present investigation builds on our previous work, which has shown that surface ionization (SI) gas detection is very sensitive and selective towards molecules with amine functional groups and insensitive towards water vapour and methanol, i.e. two chemicals often used to prepare liquid solutions of illicit drug samples. Here we firstly demonstrate that amine-containing illicit drugs can be sensitively detected using flash evaporation directly into the air gap of a SI detector. We also demonstrate that this kind of straight-forward detection is insensitive to most additives present in street samples. Secondly, we demonstrate that SI vapour detectors can easily be interfaced to gas-chromatographic columns, which provides selectivity options beyond the intrinsic amine selectivity of SI detectors. Furthermore, the use of a GC-SI set-up with a split/splitless injection system has allowed us to precisely evaluate the SI detection limit. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd

Oxygen detection system consisting of a millimeter wave Fabry-Pérot resonator and an integrated SiGe front-end

Oxygen shows significant absorption lines in the millimeter wave spectrum. Resonators are widely used to achieve a strong absorption even with a short absorption paths length for concentration measurements. A sensor system based on a Fabry-Pérot resonator for oxygen measurements at ambient pressure is presented here. The Fabry-Pérot resonator consists of two metal mirrors with a diameter of 50 mm. For purpose of oxygen detection the resonator covers a frequency range between 55 GHz and 65 GHz with a resonant peak density between 1 GHz and 1.5 GHz, depending on the mirror distance, and a quality factor of approximately 7000. To achieve a compact sensor system the concept envisages two integrated transceiver circuits directly coupling to coaxial ports in the metal mirrors of the resonator. The integrated SiGe front-end addresses a frequency band from 50 GHz to 75 GHz. They are realized as heterodyne structures with integrated directional couplers, thus it is possible to measure scattering parameters. For first oxygen concentration measurements, the resonator sample was coupled to a commercially available Vector Network Analyzer. The cavity was filled with oxygen concentrations of 0% vol. and 20% vol. at ambient pressure and temperature resulting in a significant change of the quality factor for frequencies close to the oxygen absorption line at 60.6 GHz. The sensor does not contain hot components. This is an advantage compared to other oxygen sensors, like electrochemical or metal-oxide sensors