4,227 research outputs found
Quantum transport at the Dirac point: Mapping out the minimum conductivity from pristine to disordered graphene
The phase space for graphene's minimum conductivity is
mapped out using Landauer theory modified for scattering using Fermi's Golden
Rule, as well as the Non-Equilibrium Green's Function (NEGF) simulation with a
Monte Carlo sampling over impurity distributions. The resulting `fan diagram'
spans the range from ballistic to diffusive over varying aspect ratios (),
and bears several surprises. {The device aspect ratio determines how much
tunneling (between contacts) is allowed and becomes the dominant factor for the
evolution of from ballistic to diffusive regime. We find an
increasing (for ) or decreasing () trend in vs.
impurity density, all converging around at the dirty
limit}. In the diffusive limit, the {conductivity} quasi-saturates due to the
precise cancellation between the increase in conducting modes from charge
puddles vs the reduction in average transmission from scattering at the Dirac
Point. In the clean ballistic limit, the calculated conductivity of the lowest
mode shows a surprising absence of Fabry-P\'{e}rot oscillations, unlike other
materials including bilayer graphene. We argue that the lack of oscillations
even at low temperature is a signature of Klein tunneling
Beware the Anomalous Portal Vein
Portal vein thrombosis is an unusual potential complication of liver resection. In our case it was due to
ligation of the right branch of the portal vein during right hepatectomy in a patient without portal vein
bifurcation. Hepatic angiography can delineate this abnormality and influence the choice of surgical
management
A Consistency Check of Concrete Compressive Strength using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient
The efficiency of the concrete ready mix service provider is undoubtedly and has become a widespread trend among contractors in which facilitates and eliminated a large budget surplus in maintenance, operating costs and is preferred as it reflects more efficient asset utilization. However, the quality assurance of concrete supplied is always raised associated with the inconsistencies of concrete compressive strength at the age of 28 days. The objective(s) of this study are to determine the correlations between the compressive strength of ready mix concrete, to evaluate the consistencies of the results and to identify the irregular sources that lead to the inconsistencies. Based on the compressive strength values obtained from the existing experimental data using different concrete mixes from the batching plant, a statistical analysis was conducted. A total of 90 concrete cubes specimens were attained from 15 concrete batches. A correlation analysis was conducted using the Pearson Correlation calculation to check the consistency of concrete compressive strength. The calculation showed the Pearson correlation coefficient of this study is +0.990. This indicated that there are significant linear relationship exists between the concrete compressive strength and the density of concrete batches which is positively high. In conclusion, the analysis reveals that the design of ready mix concrete compressive strength is in high consistencies and acceptable in practices for the proposed mix design to the contractor. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091672 Full Text: PD
A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF SUPPORT FOR FARMERS OF THE CORN CROP IN IRAQ FOR THE YEAR 2019
Using the policy of price has a significant impact to developing the production of a particular crop by increasing productivity, which is eventually reflected in achieving high rates of self-sufficiency of the crops. The research objective is to identify the most important economic and social effects that will result from cancelling or reducing this subsidy Using the Cost-Benefit Analysis. The results showed that the ratio of return to cost in the case of reducing subsidies for corn farmers about 0.92%, which indicates that the one dinar invested in the cultivation of the corn under the subsidy policy achieves about 0.92 dinar, which is higher than the ratio of return to costs In the absence of this policy, that reached 0.65%. This indicates that the subsidy policy, even in reducing it, will lead to a reduction in farmers' losses by 27%. This is an incentive for the government to continue providing support to farmers to continue the production process. The study recommended that there is necessarily need to reorganize the strategy of providing support to farmers and find appropriate mechanisms for implementing the government policy to ensure that all corn farmers benefit from this support
Overcoming the Challenges Associated with Image-based Mapping of Small Bodies in Preparation for the OSIRIS-REx Mission to (101955) Bennu
The OSIRIS-REx Asteroid Sample Return Mission is the third mission in NASA's
New Frontiers Program and is the first U.S. mission to return samples from an
asteroid to Earth. The most important decision ahead of the OSIRIS-REx team is
the selection of a prime sample-site on the surface of asteroid (101955) Bennu.
Mission success hinges on identifying a site that is safe and has regolith that
can readily be ingested by the spacecraft's sampling mechanism. To inform this
mission-critical decision, the surface of Bennu is mapped using the OSIRIS-REx
Camera Suite and the images are used to develop several foundational data
products. Acquiring the necessary inputs to these data products requires
observational strategies that are defined specifically to overcome the
challenges associated with mapping a small irregular body. We present these
strategies in the context of assessing candidate sample-sites at Bennu
according to a framework of decisions regarding the relative safety,
sampleability, and scientific value across the asteroid's surface. To create
data products that aid these assessments, we describe the best practices
developed by the OSIRIS-REx team for image-based mapping of irregular small
bodies. We emphasize the importance of using 3D shape models and the ability to
work in body-fixed rectangular coordinates when dealing with planetary surfaces
that cannot be uniquely addressed by body-fixed latitude and longitude.Comment: 31 pages, 10 figures, 2 table
Optimization and Quality Assessment of Baryon Pasting for Intracluster Gas using the Borg Cube Simulation
Synthetic datasets generated from large-volume gravity-only simulations are
an important tool in the calibration of cosmological analyses. Their creation
often requires accurate inference of baryonic observables from the dark matter
field. We explore the effectiveness of a baryon pasting algorithm in providing
precise estimations of three-dimensional gas thermodynamic properties based on
gravity-only simulations. We use the Borg Cube, a pair of simulations
originating from identical initial conditions, with one run evolved as a
gravity-only simulation, and the other incorporating non-radiative
hydrodynamics. Matching halos in both simulations enables comparisons of gas
properties on an individual halo basis. This comparative analysis allows us to
fit for the model parameters that yield the closest agreement between the gas
properties in both runs. To capture the redshift evolution of these parameters,
we perform the analysis at five distinct redshift steps, spanning from to
. We find that the investigated algorithm, utilizing information solely from
the gravity-only simulation, achieves few-percent accuracy in reproducing the
median intracluster gas pressure and density, albeit with a scatter of
approximately 20%, for cluster-scale objects up to . We measure the
scaling relation between integrated Compton parameter and cluster mass
(), and find that the imprecision of baryon pasting adds
less than 5% to the intrinsic scatter measured in the hydrodynamic simulation.
We provide best-fitting values and their redshift evolution, and discuss future
investigations that will be undertaken to extend this work.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables; accepted in the Open Journal of
Astrophysic
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