CAFETICULTURA EN ÁREAS NATURALES PROTEGIDAS. EL CASO DEL SITIO RAMSAR “CASCADAS DE TEXOLO Y SU ENTORNO” EN VERACRUZ, MÉXICO

Coffee cultivation in shaded areas provides multiple environmental benefits and plays an essential role in biodiversity conservation areas, such as sites Ramsar sites, where the aim is to protect natural wetlands. In Veracruz, there are nine Ramsar sites, mostly coastal, of which "TexoloWaterfalls and surrounding area" is the exception. This is the only continental freshwater wetland in Mexico, where mountain mesophilic forest predominates as well as shaded coffee cultivation. Therefore, its conservation also implies the sustainable management of this agroecosystem. Within this context, the objective was to learn about the problems of coffee production and the willingness of producers to participate in sustainable management proposals that contribute to the protection of the Ramsar site. To this end, 32 questionnaires were applied to coffee producers who have farms in thesite. The main problems related to coffee growing included: aging of producers, low participation by women and young people, environmental deterioration, low technology and production level, low economic profitability, decapitalization, and decrease in coffee quality. Despite this, most coffee growers plan to continue participating in this activity and expressed willingness to participate in sustainable managementactions.El cultivo de café bajo sombra proporciona múltiples servicios ambientales y cumple un papel esencial en áreas deconservación de la biodiversidad como los sitios Ramsar, destinados a la protección de los humedales naturales. EnVeracruz existen nueve sitios Ramsar en su mayoría costeros, con excepción de “Cascadas de Texolo y su entorno”,único humedal continental de agua dulce en México, donde predomina el bosque mesófilo de montaña y el cultivode café bajo sombra; por ello su protección implica también el manejo sustentable de dicho agroecosistema. En estecontexto, el objetivo fue conocer la problemática de la cafeticultura y la disposición de los productores a participar enpropuestas de manejo sustentable que contribuyan a la protección del sitio Ramsar. Para ello se aplicaron 32 cuestionariosa productores de café con fincas dentro del sitio. Los principales problemas de la cafeticultura fueron: envejecimientode los productores, escasa participación de mujeres y jóvenes, deterioro ambiental, bajo nivel tecnológico y productivo,poca rentabilidad económica, descapitalización y disminución de la calidad del café. A pesar de ello la mayoría decafeticultores piensan seguir dedicándose a dicha actividad y expresaron disposición a participar en acciones de manejosustentable

Corporate Social Responsibility as a Strategic Opportunity for Small Firms during Economic Crises

The aim of this study is to analyze if there is a direct causal relationship between small firms’ orientation toward corporate social responsibility and their competitive success, mediated by innovation and performance. A structural equation model has been applied to a sample of 758 small Spanish firms. The results indicate that, in times of economic crisis, socially responsible strategies are a determining factor in firms’ competitiveness. Pragmatic advice for practitioners derives from research results, considering that social responsibility represents an opportunity for small firms in the complex and turbulent time. The findings encourage small firms to manage operations responsibly as a guarantee of market success

Variations in the contents of vitamins A and e during the ripening of cheeses with different compositions

We investigated the composition in vitamins A and E of cheeses made from the milks of ewes, goats and cows. A total of 84 cheeses of known composition were prepared and controlled to determine the influence of different factors, e.g. the variable proportions of cow’s, ewe’s, and goat’s milks, seasonality (winter/summer), and evolution during the course of ripening. The variable proportions of milk from the different species did not vary in either the amount of vitamin A or that of vitamin E in the cheeses. Seasonality and ripening were seen to have a significant effect on the concentration of vitamin

Changes in the mineral content in cheeses of different compositions during 6 months of ripening

The mineral content of cheese depends on the origin of the milk (cow, ewe, goat) and its ripening. In this work the effect of different factors on the mineral composition and the correlation between minerals (Ca, Fe, Mg, K, Na, and Zn) and the type of milk used are studied. The One-Way ANOVA procedure revealed that the effect of cow’s milk was statistically significant on Fe, K, P, and Zn; goat’s milk was statistically significant for Fe and Mg, and ewe’s milk was statistically significant for K. The effect of the ripening time was statistically significant in all cases, except for Zn; the effect of the season was statistically significant for K, Mg and P and the effect of the year was statistically significant in the case of K, Na, P, and Zn. The percentage of cow’s cheese was positively correlated with K and P; the percentage of ewe’s cheese was negatively correlated with K, Mg, Na, and P and the percentage of goat’s cheese was negatively correlated with Na, and P

Frozen spatial chaos induced by boundaries

We show that rather simple but non-trivial boundary conditions could induce the appearance of spatial chaos (that is stationary, stable, but spatially disordered configurations) in extended dynamical systems with very simple dynamics. We exemplify the phenomenon with a nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation in a two-dimensional undulated domain. Concepts from the theory of dynamical systems, and a transverse-single-mode approximation are used to describe the spatially chaotic structures.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, submitted for publication; for related work visit http://www.imedea.uib.es/~victo

Sialometaplasia Necrotizante: Presentación de cinco casos clínicos.

La sialometaplasia necrotizante (SN) es una afección inflamatoria, autoresolutiva, que afecta a las glándulas salivales, más frecuentemente a las menores. Si bien su etiopatogenia permanece aún desconocida, diversos autores sugieren que una agresión fisico-química o biológica sobre los vasos sanguíneos produciría isquemia, la cual conduciría al infarto de la glándula y su posterior necrosis. Su aspecto clínico e histológico tiene apariencias de malignidad. Clínicamente puede presentarse como una úlcera de bordes irregulares, ligeramente elevados y lecho necrótico, mientras que histopatológicamente se caracteriza por presentar metaplasia escamosa de conductos y acinos e hiperplasia pseudoepiteliomatosa del epitelio mucoso, características éstas que pueden inducir a un diagnóstico incorrecto de neoplasia maligna anexial. Es fundamental realizar un correcto diagnóstico a los efectos de evitar tratamientos quirúrgicos mutilantes, debido a que se trata de una patología autoresolutiva. En el presente trabajo se describen cinco casos de (SN) en pacientes de sexo femenino, ubicados en glándulas salivales menores del paladar.publishedVersio

On weak r-Helix submanifolds

In this paper, we investigate special curves on a weak r-helix submanifold in Euclidean n-space E^{n}. Also, we give the important relations between weak r-helix submanifolds and the special curves such as line of curvature, asymptotic curve and helix line.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1203.160

Rapid test for identification of a highly transmissible Mycobacterium tuberculosis beijing strain of sub-Saharan origin

The development of a rapid test to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing isolates and specifically strain GC1237, coming from a sub-Saharan country, is needed due to its alarming wide spread on Gran Canaria Island (Spain). A rapid test that detects IS6110 present between dnaA and dnaN in the Beijing strains and in a specific site for GC1237 (Rv2180c) has been developed. This test would be a useful tool in the surveillance of subsequent cases

Functional quality of new table grape hybrids with red berry flesh

[SPA] Las variedades de uva de mesa con pulpa tinta han tomado gran interés para los programas de mejora vegetal siguiendo una línea saludable. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es comparar variedades comerciales frente a híbridos de interés con pulpa tinta ricos en antioxidantes y compuestos bioactivos. Las variedades comerciales Itumfive, Itumnine, e Itumtwelve fueron comparadas con nuevos híbridos de pulpa tinta Hsd (Alicante Bouschet x Itumone) y Hsl (15-284-535 x Itumfifteen) en cuanto a los Compuestos Fenólicos Totales (CFT) y la Capacidad Antioxidante Total (CAT) mediante determinaciones espectrofotométricas. Los nuevos híbridos han registrado valores en pulpa entre 1,9 y 5,1 veces mayores en CFT frente a variedades comerciales. La CAT en las bayas ha representado entre 1,2 y 6,9 veces mayor contenido en los nuevos híbridos frente a las variedades comerciales. En conclusión, las variedades con pulpa tinta están genéticamente enriquecidas en compuestos saludables. [ENG] Red berry flesh table grape cultivars have recently become very important in breeding programs as a healthy challenge. The main objective of this work is to compare commercial varieties with potential new varieties with red berry flesh rich in antioxidants and bioactive compounds. Commercial varieties Itumfive, Itumnine, and Itumtwelve were compared with new hybrids with red berry flesh Hsd (Alicante Bouschet x Itumone) and Hsl (15-284-535 x Itumfifteen) in terms of their Total Phenolic Compounds (TPC) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) by using spectrophotometric determinations. New hybrids showed from 1.9 up to 5.1-fold higher TPC in berry pulp regarding commercial varieties. TAC in the whole berry reported from 1.2 up to 6.9 - fold higher content between new hybrids from commercial varieties. As conclusion, red berry flesh cultivars are genetically enriched in healthy promoting compounds.Se agradece a la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia y al IMIDA la contratación de Pablo Crespo Ródenas (Cod. 583701) para el proyecto “Mejora genética de especies agrícolas de interés para la Región de Murcia” y con código “FEDER 1420-21 Uva”. Se agradece al Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal de la UPCT el uso de determinados equipamientos. El contrato L. Martínez- Zamora ha sido financiado por el Programa de Recualificación del Sistema Universitario Español, modalidad Margarita Salas, de la Universidad de Murcia

Physico-chemical and antioxidant capacity determinations of hybrids from grape populations with teinturier parentals

[ESP] El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar muestras de uva de pulpa coloreada o sin color, y comparar los resultados de su capacidad antioxidante total y sus atributos de calidad. Las muestras corresponden a variedades tintoreras con pulpa roja y con semilla, y muestras de híbridos resultantes de poblaciones de variedades tintoreras y variedades de uva de mesa sin semilla. Con los resultados se distinguieron dos grupos en cuanto al porcentaje de capturación de radicales libres, correlativo y superior para pulpas tintas. La textura aumentó hasta tres veces en híbridos respecto a parentales tintoreros. Del estudio de apirenia se obtuvo que el 36,4% de los híbridos fueron sin semilla. Los híbridos han sido capaces de mejorar los atributos de calidad del fruto, manteniendo o incrementando los compuestos bioactivos de interés. En conclusión, los híbridos P1008, PF1001 y PF1006 continúan en líneas de mejora gracias a estas determinaciones. [ENG] The objective was to evaluate colored and non-colored flesh berry grapes, and to compare results of total antioxidant capacity and grapes quality analysis. Samples belong to seeded teinturier varieties with colored berry flesh, and hybrids of populations from cross of teinturier varieties and seedless table grape varieties. According to the percentage of scavenging activity, two groups were distinguished; higher results were obtained for color pulp samples. Texture was increased up to 3-fold in hybrids regarding teinturier varieties. Seedless study showed that 36.4% hybrids were no seeded. Hybrids have increased the quality attributes and maintained or increased the bioactive compounds. In conclusion, hybrids PF1008, PF1001 and PF1006 continue in breeding programs regarding these determinations.Se agradece a la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia y al IMIDA la contratación de Pablo Crespo Ródenas (Cod. 583701) para el proyecto “Mejora genética de especies agrícolas de interés para la Región de Murcia” y con código “Feder 1420-21 Uva”. También se agradece la implicación en esta investigación al Grupo de Postrecolección y Refrigeración de la ETSIA-UPCT