Separation Between Silicon and Aluminum Powders Contained Within Pulverized Scraped Silicon-Based Waste Solar Cells by Flotation Method

There are few study examples on the separation of metals by floating method. In this study, separation of silicon and aluminum, which are the main components of silicon-based solar cell module, was carried out by floating method in order to purify silicon from waste solar cell module. The selection of surfactant, control of electric charge, wettability of the solid particles, surface tensions, and bubble surface area are important for separation of solids by floating method. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) can increase the hydrophobicity of aluminum powder due to the difference of surface potentials between silicon and aluminum. SDS behaves as a collector of aluminum as well as a frothing agent to decrease the bubble size. At a SDS concentration of 2 g/L and sample dipping time of 10 min, 80.1 mass% of aluminum was floated and separated, and the sedimentary silicon reached a purity of 90.7% from a mixture of 50 mass% aluminum and 50 mass% silicon. Finally, at a pH value of 7.0, SDS concentration between 1.0 and 2.5 g/L and air flow rate of 2.5 L/min (STP) were suitable experimental conditions to purify silicon from a mixture of silicon and aluminum by flotation separation method

ロウジンセイ カンピショウ ヒフ ソウヨウショウ ヒシ ケツボウセイ シッシン

How we can treat “itch”? That is a very important subject when we examine old patients. Especially in a dry season, “skin dryness” accelerates “itch”, and then the patients who suffer from senile pruritus and asteatotic eczema owing to dry skin (senile xerosis) considerably increase. In this paper, we describe the etiology, the crinical appearanses, the treatments, and the suggestions of daily life of their diseases. We emphasize that the each stage of the senile xerotic diseases individually needs the appropreate skin care and treatments, and that the patients can prevent the diseases from advancing if they alter the habits of daily life

Density matrix renormalization group approach to a two-dimensional bosonic model

Density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) is applied to a (1+1)-dimensional $\lambda\phi^4$ model to study spontaneous breakdown of discrete $Z_2$ symmetry numerically. We obtain the critical coupling $(\lambda/\mu^2)_{\rm c}=59.89\pm 0.01$ and the critical exponent $\beta=0.1264\pm 0.0073$, which are consistent with the Monte Carlo and the exact results, respectively. The results are based on extrapolation to the continuum limit with lattice sizes $L=250,500$, and 1000. We show that the lattice size L=500 is sufficiently close to the the limit $L\to\infty$ \cite{Sugihara:2004qr}.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, parallel talk given at LATTICE 2004, Fermilab, June 21-26, 200

Pulmonary Fibrosis in Response to Environmental Cues and Molecular Targets Involved in Its Pathogenesis

Chronic lung injury resulting from a variety of different causes is frequently associated with the develop ment of pulmonary fibrosis in humans. Although the etiology of pulmonary fibrosis is generally unknown, several sources of evidence support the hypothesis that a number of environmental and occupational agents play an etiologic role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The agents discussed in this review include beryllium, nylon flock, textile printing aerosols, polyvinyl chloride and didecyldimethylammonium chloride. The authors also describe a variety of animal models, including genetically modified mice, in order to investigate the molecular mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis, focusing on chemokine receptors, regulatory T cells and transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein signaling. Overall, we propose the concept of toxicological pulmonary fibrosis as a lung disease induced in response to environmental cues

Differences in the electric potential of pancreatic head cancer tissues

Identifying the electrical properties of cancer relies on the understanding of the electric potential (EP) of cancer tissues. This study aimed to investigate the EP properties in 49 pancreatic head cancer tissues using a digital multimetre. The anode was placed at the central side of the tumour, and the electric potential differences (EPDs) between cancerous and cancerous, cancerous and noncancerous, and noncancerous and noncancerous lesions at approximately 1-cm intervals following resection were evaluated. Pathological evaluation identified 30 of these samples as pancreatic invasive ductal carcinoma (PIDC, 10 without preoperative chemotherapy and 20 after chemotherapy), seven other pancreatic cancers, three tumours of Vater’s ampulla (VA), and eight extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) samples. We also evaluated the differences in pH for cancerous and noncancerous lesions in nine PIDC samples. Our data suggest that the EP of pancreatic cancerous tissues is higher than that of noncancerous tissues, especially in PIDCs. We also noted that EPD was the highest when comparing cancerous and noncancerous lesions. Additionally, PIDC tissues presented with low pH; the pH difference between cancerous and noncancerous sites was significantly correlated with EPD (P = 0.011). These EPDs were also correlated with tumour size in PIDCs and inversely correlated with their response to chemotherapy. The EP values for both the cancerous and noncancerous sites in both the VA tumours and EHCC samples were not significantly different, whereas EPD in PIDC correlated with tumour extension and viable tumour content, suggesting that EPD might be useful for evaluating the viability and effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.This research was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (Nos. 15H02567 and 17H05102) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, and the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare for Japan

HLA-Haploidentical Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide after Busulfan-Containing Reduced-Intensity Conditioning

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) using post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is increasingly performed. We conducted a multicenter phase II study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PTCy-based HLA-haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PTCy-haploPBSCT) after busulfan-containing reduced-intensity conditioning. Thirty-one patients were enrolled; 61% patients were not in remission and 42% patients had a history of prior allo-SCT. Neutrophil engraftment was achieved in 87% patients with a median of 19 days. The cumulative incidence of grades II to IV and III to IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and chronic GVHD at 1 year were 23%, 3%, and 15%, respectively. No patients developed severe chronic GVHD. Day 100 nonrelapse mortality (NRM) rate was 19.4%. Overall survival, relapse, and disease-free survival rates were 45%, 45%, and 34%, respectively, at 1 year. Subgroup analysis showed that patients who had a history of prior allo-SCT had lower engraftment, higher NRM, and lower overall survival than those not receiving a prior allo-SCT. Our results suggest that PTCy-haploPBSCT after busulfan-containing reduced-intensity conditioning achieved low incidences of acute and chronic GVHD and NRM and stable donor engraftment and low NRM, particularly in patients without a history of prior allo-SCT

Variational Calculation of the Effective Action

An indication of spontaneous symmetry breaking is found in the two-dimensional $\lambda\phi^4$ model, where attention is paid to the functional form of an effective action. An effective energy, which is an effective action for a static field, is obtained as a functional of the classical field from the ground state of the hamiltonian $H[J]$ interacting with a constant external field. The energy and wavefunction of the ground state are calculated in terms of DLCQ (Discretized Light-Cone Quantization) under antiperiodic boundary conditions. A field configuration that is physically meaningful is found as a solution of the quantum mechanical Euler-Lagrange equation in the $J\to 0$ limit. It is shown that there exists a nonzero field configuration in the broken phase of $Z_2$ symmetry because of a boundary effect.Comment: 26 pages, REVTeX, 7 postscript figures, typos corrected and two references adde

Nonperturbative renormalization group in a light-front three-dimensional real scalar model

The three-dimensional real scalar model, in which the $Z_2$ symmetry spontaneously breaks, is renormalized in a nonperturbative manner based on the Tamm-Dancoff truncation of the Fock space. A critical line is calculated by diagonalizing the Hamiltonian regularized with basis functions. The marginal ($\phi^6$) coupling dependence of the critical line is weak. In the broken phase the canonical Hamiltonian is tachyonic, so the field is shifted as $\phi(x)\to\varphi(x)+v$. The shifted value $v$ is determined as a function of running mass and coupling so that the mass of the ground state vanishes.Comment: 23 pages, LaTeX, 6 Postscript figures, uses revTeX and epsbox.sty. A slight revision of statements made, some references added, typos correcte

A Crowdsourcing Approach for Finding Misidentifications of Bibliographic Records

Because there is no perfect technique for automatic identification of bibliographic records, cleaning the identification results manually is indispensable. However, to recruit human resources for the task is often difficult. This paper discusses a microtask-based crowdsourcing approach to the problem. An important issue is to design a good strategy for generating tasks to be assigned to workers, maintaining the quality and reducing the number of tasks. In this study, we explore a design space defined by two criteria to reduce the number of assigned microtasks for finding misidentifications caused by automatic identification techniques. We compare four task-generation strategies using bibliographic records of the National Diet Library. One of the strategies reduced 55.7% of tasks from the baseline strategy and statistic analysis showed that the quality of its result is comparable to those of the other three strategies.published or submitted for publicationis peer reviewe