Gaps in the record: the missing LH I-II and IIIB phases on Euboea

Αυτό το άρθρο εξετάζει δύο περιόδους της Ύστερης Εποχής του Χαλκού, για τις οποίες τα στοιχεία από την Εύβοια είναι περιορισμένα: τις πρώιμες φάσεις της Μυκηναϊκής περιόδου (Ύστερη Ελλαδική [ΥΕ] I-II) και την ΥΕ IIIB περίοδο, σύγχρονη με την άνθιση των μυκηναϊκών ανακτόρων στις Μυκήνες, την Πύλο και, πιο κοντά στην Εύβοια, την Θήβα.1 Χρησιμοποιώ το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο της αρνητικής αρχαιολογίας (negative archaeology) καθώς και πτυχές της θεωρίας των δικτύων για να αξιολογήσω αυτά τα κενά και να προτείνω μία εξήγηση σχετικά με την έλλειψη υλικού από αυτές τις περιόδους. Υποστηρίζω ότι το κενό κατά την ΥΕ Ι-ΙΙ περίοδο δεν αντανακλά την έλλειψη θέσεων κατοίκησης κατά τον 16ο-15ο αιώνα π.Χ., αλλά απλώς την έλλειψη αναγνωρίσιμου Πρώιμου Μυκηναϊκού υλικού. Αυτή η έλλειψη μπορεί να εξηγηθεί εάν υποθέσουμε ότι τα δίκτυα ήταν περιοριστικά. Το κενό κατά την ΥΕ ΙΙΙΒ περίοδο, από την άλλη μεριά, φαίνεται να αντανακλά προσωρινή μείωση ή έλλειψη θέσεων κατοίκησης. Υποστηρίζω ότι το κενό αυτό είναι απόρροια της περιθοριοποίησης της Εύβοιας από τα Μυκηναϊκά ανάκτορα της Θήβας και του Ορχομενού κατά την ΥΕ ΙΙΙΒ περίοδο, η οποία προέκυψε από την προσπάθεια των ανακτόρων να μονοπωλήσουν τις εμπορικές οδούς. Αυτό συμπεριελάμβανε την επανευθυγράμμιση των υπαρχόντων δικτύων που έπληξαν τις παράκτιες θέσεις στην Εύβοια. Το γεγονός ότι οι ελίτ στην Εύβοια αποκατέστησαν το παράκτιο δίκτυο μετά την κατάρρευση των ανακτόρων υποδεικνύεται από ένα εικονογραφικό ΄ύφος, το οποίο είναι κοινό και στις δύο πλευρές του κόλπου. Η έμφαση στην απεικόνιση πλοίων υποδεικνύει περαιτέρω ότι τα πλοία ήταν ταυτόχρονα μία ενοποιητική δύναμη για τις ελίτ της Εύβοιας μετά την κατάρρευση των ανακτόρων και μέσο ανάκαμψη

The Magic of Moonlight and Love

Contains advertisements and/or short musical examples of pieces being sold by publisher.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/6960/thumbnail.jp

Increased levels of hyaluronic acid in bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with interstitial lung diseases, relationship with lung function and inflammatory cells recruitment

Purpose: Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD) are characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. It described the role of hyaluronic acid (HA) as an immune-regulator. It is not known if HA contributes to the recruitment of inflammatory cells associated with ILD. If this hypothesis was correct, then concentrations of HA in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) should correlate with the severity of ILD. Methods: We collected BAL from 22 ILD patients and 15 control subjects. We determined HA and cytokine levels by ELISA. In vitro chemotaxis assays were performed by using a transwell system. Results: We found that ILD patients showed a significant increase in HA, IL-6 levels and the amount of cells in BAL compared to control subjects. We detected a significant positive correlation between HA and IL-6 levels (r = 0.53 and p < 0.001) and an inverse relationship between HA levels and diffusion capacity (r = -0.59, p < 0.01). In vitro, HA induced migration of macrophages and monocytes through a CD44-dependent process. BAL from patients with ILD stimulated macro-phage migration and this was abrogated by hyaluronidase. Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis that HA contributes to the recruitment of monocytes towards the alveolar space, leading to exacerbation of lung inflammation in ILD patients.Fil: Ernst, Glenda. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital María Ferrer; ArgentinaFil: Jancic, Carolina Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Auteri, Santiago. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital María Ferrer; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez Moncalvo, Juan. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital María Ferrer; ArgentinaFil: Galíndez, Fernando. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital María Ferrer; ArgentinaFil: Grynblat, Pedro. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital María Ferrer; ArgentinaFil: Hajos, Silvia Elvira. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentin

White Lilacs

Illustration of tree in bloomhttps://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/cht-sheet-music/11004/thumbnail.jp

I Love And I Adore You

Illustration of pink flowers with green leaves.https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/cht-sheet-music/3059/thumbnail.jp

Proline-catalysed asymmetric ketol cyclizations: the template mechanism revisited

A modified template mechanism based on modelling studies of energy minimised complexes is presented for the asymmetric proline-catalysed cyclization of triketones1,2 and3 to the 2S,3S-ketols1a,2a and3a respectively. The template model involves a three-point contact as favoured in enzyme-substrate interactions. Our minimisation studies are in agreement with the divergent behaviour of the 6,5-, 6,6-and 6,7-bicyclic systems. They support the high 93.4%ee observed with the 6,5-bicyclic ketol and the lower 73%ee found with the 6,6-bicyclic ketol. The calculations also explain the lack of asymmetric induction with the 6,7-bicyclic system

Metabolism and Mutagenicity of Dinitropyrenes: Effect of Chronic Ethanol Ingestion and Aroclor 1254 Pretreatment.

The nitroreduction of three potently mutagenic dinitropyrene (DNP) isomers by liver cytosol from Aroclor-1254-pretreated rats was studied. NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase (NQOR) is increased 12- to 24-fold by this treatment and resulted in up to 5-fold induction of cytosolic DNP-nitroreductase as compared to chow-fed controls. Upon purification, NQOR activity towards menadione coeluted with C-nitroso- and 1,6-DNP nitroreductase activity. Purified NQOR catalyzed NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of all DNP, displayed the same isomer specificity as did cytosol and increased the mutagenicity of all DNP in the Ames assay up to 3-fold. In TA98NR, a strain deficient in nitroreductase, only the mutagenicity of 1,3-DNP was markedly lowered. 1,6- and 1,8-DNP were activated to approximately equal extents by NQOR in TA98NR and TA98. NQOR potently increased the mutagenicity of 1,3-DNP in TA98NR to levels comparable to that obtained in TA98. NQOR increased the mutagenicity of 1,6- but not 1,3- and 1,8-DNP to mutagenic intermediates in TA98/1,8-DNP\sb6, a strain deficient in O-acetyltransferase activity. Ethanol ingestion caused a 3- to 5-fold increase in NQOR, but only a slight increase in DNP-nitroreductase activity. NQOR induction however, caused $\sim$ 2-fold increases in the NAD(P)H-dependent rate of reduction of p-nitrosophenol. Inhibitor studies indicate a cofactor-specific participation of NQOR and alcohol dehydrogenase in the cytosolic C-nitrosoreductase activity. The genotoxicity of DNP towards S. typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 was studied in the presence of cytosolic and microsomal fractions from ethanol- and pair-fed rats. Microsomes attenuated the genotoxicity of 1,3-, 1,6- and 1,8-DNP in the umu-test, the order being 1,3- $\u3e$ 1,6- $\u3e$ 1,8-DNP. Cytosol was deactivating 1,8-DNP most strongly, less with 1,6-DNP and activated 1,3-DNP. AM1 calculations for DNP and their reduced derivatives indicate that the isomer selectivity displayed in the bioactivation of DNP is not solely based on chemical grounds

Modulation of isoforms of CD44 adhesion molecule in a murine model of gut-ischemia-reperfusion

La isquemia y reperfusión intestinal (I-RI) desencadena un proceso inflamatorio a nivel sistémico, en el cual los leucocitos contribuyen a los efectos deletéreos mas aliá de la pared intestinal. La infiltración leucocitaria de órganos de choque de I-RI como los pulmones y el hígado involucra a las moléculas de adhesión ICAM-1 y CD11/CD18. Se ha destacado la participación de la molécula de adhesión CD44 en otros procesos inflamatorios tales como artritis reumatoidea o dermatitis alérgica de contacto, sin embargo se desconoce su implicancia en la patogenia de I-RI. Con el objetivo de establecer un posible rol de CD44 en el desarrollo de inflamación sistémica por I-RI, hemos estudiado la expresión de esta molécula a nivel del ARNm en un modelo murino de isquemia y reperfusión intestinal. En el hígado y el bazo de animales sometidos a I-RI hallamos un aumento en el número de isoformas variables de CD44 expresadas con respecto a animales no tratados o sometidos a laparotomía. Este hallazgo indica que el proceso de I-RI induce específicamente la expresión de distintas isoformas de CD44. El aumento en la expresión de CD44 observado en el hígado de animales sometidos a I-RI sugiere la.contribución de esta molécula de adhesión a la activación y migración de linfocitos hacia este órgano injuriado. Por otra parte, el incremento en el número de isoformas expresadas en bazo estaría inducido por el microambiente proinflamatorio que resulta de la actividad de depuración sistémica del mismo.Gut ischemia-reperfusion (G-IR) induces a systemic inflammatory response, in which leukocyte contribution to this injury in distant organs is important. ICAM-1 as well as CD11/CD18 have been involved in leukocyte infiltration in liver and lungs. CD44 adhesion molecule plays an essential role in other inflammatory processes such as rheumatoid arthritis and allergic contact dermatitis, however its implication in G-IR has not been described. In order to establish a possible role of CD44 in the development of systemic inflammation by G-IR, we have studied CD44 mANA expression by RT-PCR in a murine model of gut ischemia reperfusion. Animals subjected to G-IR showed an increased number of CD44 variable isoforms expressed in liver and spleen compared to non-treated animals or animals subjected to laparotomy. This finding indicates that G-IA specifically induces the expression of different CD44 variable isoforms. Liver CD44 upregulation in animals subjected to G-IR suggests a contribution of this molecule to Iymphocyte activation and migration to this injured organ. Moreover, increased isoform expression in spleen may be induced by the proinflammatory environment resulting from a systemic depuration activity.Fil: Cabrera, Paula V.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; ArgentinaFil: Blanco, Guillermo Armando C.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; ArgentinaFil: Argibay, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Hajos, Silvia Elvira. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni; Argentin

Toward Energetically Autonomous Foraging Soft Robots

© 2016, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. A significant goal of robotics is to develop autonomous machines, capable of independent and collective operation free from human assistance. To operate with complete autonomy robots must be capable of independent movement and total energy self-sufficiency. We present the design of a soft robotic mouth and artificial stomach for aquatic robots that will allow them to feed on biomatter in their surrounding environment. The robot is powered by electrical energy generated through bacterial respiration within a microbial fuel cell (MFC) stomach, and harvested using state-of-the-art voltage step-up electronics. Through innovative exploitation of compliant, biomimetic actuation, the soft robotic feeding mechanism enables the connection of multiple MFC stomachs in series configuration in an aquatic environment, previously a significant challenge. We investigate how a similar soft robotic feeding mechanism could be driven by electroactive polymer artificial muscles from the same bioenergy supply. This work demonstrates the potential for energetically autonomous soft robotic artificial organisms and sets the stage for radically different future robots

Novel psychoactive substance consumption is more represented in bipolar disorder than in psychotic disorders : A multicenter-observational study

© 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Acciavatti, T, Lupi, M, Santacroce, R, et al. Novel psychoactive substance consumption is more represented in bipolar disorder than in psychotic disorders: A multicenter‐observational study. Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp. 2017; 32:e2578. which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.2578. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.OBJECTIVE: Comorbidities between psychiatric diseases and use of traditional substances of abuse are common. Nevertheless, there are few data regarding the use of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) among psychiatric patients. Aim of this multicentre survey is to investigate the consumption of a number of psychoactive substances in a young psychiatric sample. METHODS: Between December 2013 and September 2015, a questionnaire was administered in 10 Italian psychiatric care facilities to a sample of 671 patients, aged 18-26 (mean age 22.24; SD 2.87). RESULTS: About 8.2% of the sample declared to have used NPS at least once, and 2.2% had consumed NPS in the previous 3 months. The three psychiatric diagnoses most frequently associated with NPS use were bipolar disorder (23.1%), personality disorders (11.8%), and schizophrenia and related disorders (11.6%). In univariate regression analysis, bipolar disorder was positively associated with NPS consumption, an association that did not reach statistical significance in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The use of NPS in a young psychiatric population appears to be frequent, and probably still underestimated. Bipolar disorder shows an association with NPS use. Careful and constant monitoring and an accurate evaluation of possible clinical effects related to NPS use are necessary.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio