31 research outputs found
The genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes
The genetic architecture of common traits, including the number, frequency, and effect sizes of inherited variants that contribute to individual risk, has been long debated. Genome-wide association studies have identified scores of common variants associated with type 2 diabetes, but in aggregate, these explain only a fraction of heritability. To test the hypothesis that lower-frequency variants explain much of the remainder, the GoT2D and T2D-GENES consortia performed whole genome sequencing in 2,657 Europeans with and without diabetes, and exome sequencing in a total of 12,940 subjects from five ancestral groups. To increase statistical power, we expanded sample size via genotyping and imputation in a further 111,548 subjects. Variants associated with type 2 diabetes after sequencing were overwhelmingly common and most fell within regions previously identified by genome-wide association studies. Comprehensive enumeration of sequence variation is necessary to identify functional alleles that provide important clues to disease pathophysiology, but large-scale sequencing does not support a major role for lower-frequency variants in predisposition to type 2 diabetes
Nanostructured platinum-lipid bilayer composite as biosensor
10.1016/S1567-5394(03)00003-3Bioelectrochemistry591-265-72BIOE
Nitric oxide enhances the capacitance of self-assembled, supported bilayer lipid membranes
10.1016/S1388-2481(01)00227-2Electrochemistry Communications310580-584ECCM
`Skeleton Climbing': Fast isosurfaces with fewer triangles
Proceedings of the Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications117-12627
Self-assembly of bilayer lipid membrane at multiwalled carbon nanotubes towards the development of photo-switched functional device
10.1016/j.elecom.2004.11.013Electrochemistry Communications7181-86ECCM