10 research outputs found
A triumphant decline?: Tetanus among slaves and freeborn in Brazil
- Author
- AGNEW D. Hayes
- ANDERSON Robin L.
- ANDREWS Christopher Columbus
- BENCHIMOL Jaime L.
- BENNETT J.
- BUTLER Kim D.
- BYARD Roger W.
- BYTCHENKO B.
- CHALHOUB Sidney
- CHAMBERLAIN Neal R.
- CHERNOVIZ Pedro Luiz Napoleao
- CHERNOVIZ Pedro Luiz Napoleao
- CHERNOVIZ Pedro Luiz Napoleao
- CHURCHILL Fleetwood
- COOPER Donald B.
- COPLAND James
- COSTA EmĂlia Viotti da
- CURLING Thomas Blizard
- DUFFIN Jacalyn
- DUQUE Francisco Basilio
- FAUSTO Boris
- FREYRE Gilberto
- GALAZKA A.
- GARDNER George
- GROSS Samuel D.
- GUILFOILE Patrick
- GULL William
- Ian Read
- IMBERT JoĂŁo Baptista A.
- JACOBSEN G.W.
- JOBIM José Martins da Cruz
- JONES Joseph
- JOY Robert J. T.
- KARASCH Mary C.
- KENNY Stephen C.
- KIPLE Kenneth F.
- LANGGAARD Theodoro J.H.
- MALHEIRO Agostinho Marques PerdigĂŁo
- MARCĂLIO Maria Luiza
- MARTINS José Thomaz de Sousa
- MCDOWELL W.A.
- MCMILLEN Sally G.
- MEADE Teresa
- MELLO ALVIM Alfredo de
- MERRICK Thomas W.
- MILLER Neil R.
- MORAES Edgar N.
- MOURA Clovis
- O'REILLY John
- PATRICK James
- PEARD Julyan G.
- PIZA Antonio de Toledo
- PLANT W. T.
- PORTO Ăngela
- RAWSON G.
- READ Ian
- READ Ian
- ROSENAU Milton Joseph
- SERRA ClĂĄudio Lisboa
- SIGAUD Joseph François Xavier
- SILVA Antonio Augusto Ferreira da
- STOELTING Robert K.
- STRUMPELL Adolf von
- SĂO ROMĂO Visconde de Villarinho de
- TAPAJĂS Ricardo
- TRAVERSO H.P.
- VEIGA V.F.
- VIRCHOW Rudolf
- WARTHIN Alfred Scott
- WATSON John M.
- WATSON Thomas
- WEBSTER Thomas
- WEIMER GĂŒnter
- Publication venue
- 'FapUNIFESP (SciELO)'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Phase precipitation and phase stability in nimonic 263
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Antiretroviral Medication Administration and HIV-Positive Patients: A Practical Approach
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'SAGE Publications'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Inhibition of glutamine synthetase II expression by the product of the gstI gene
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Aggregating expert judgement
- Author
- A. Faria
- A. Franco
- A. Franco
- A. James
- A. Morton
- A. OâHagan
- A. OâHagan
- A. OâHagan
- A.D. Taylor
- A.J. Maule
- A.J. Sutton
- A.L. Zacharakis
- A.P. Dawid
- A.R. DeWispelare
- B. De Finetti
- B. Wisse
- C. Genest
- C. Genest
- D. Ashby
- D. Kurowicka
- D. Rios Insua
- D.V. Lindley
- D.V. Lindley
- D.V. Lindley
- D.W. Keith
- E.E. Leamer
- F. Bolger
- F. Scapolo
- F.S. Kelly
- G. Gigerenzer
- G. Rowe
- G.H. Givens
- G.R. Franke
- G.R.J. Hockey
- H. Jeffreys
- H. Raiffa
- H. Raiffa
- H.A. Linstone
- H.P. Lehmann
- I. Boone
- J. Ehrhardt
- J. Ehrhardt
- J. Hartung
- J. Lipscomb
- J. Predd
- J. Surowiecki
- J.B. Kadane
- J.C. Rougier
- J.K. Hodge
- J.L. Mumpower
- J.M. Booker
- J.Q. Smith
- J.Q. Smith
- J.R.W. Merrick
- J.R.W. Merrick
- J.S. Dryzek
- J.V. Murray
- K.C. Lichtendahl
- K.J. Arrow
- L. Smith
- L. Suantak
- L.H.J. Goossens
- L.J. Savage
- M. Bacharach
- M. Borenstein
- M. Goldstein
- M.C. Kennedy
- M.H. DeGroot
- M.N. Jouini
- M.W. Wiper
- M.W. Wiper
- N. Dalkey
- N.I. Karacapilidis
- N.R. Ortiz
- N.W. Arnell
- O. Renn
- O. Renn
- O. Renn
- P. Newbold
- P. Reagan-Cirincione
- P. Slovic
- P.H. Garthwaite
- P.S. Szwed
- R. Ranjan
- R. Rosenthal
- R.A. Jacobs
- R.F. Bordley
- R.L. Keeney
- R.L. Winkler
- R.M. Cooke
- R.M. Cooke
- R.M. Cooke
- R.M. Cooke
- R.M. Cooke
- R.M. Cooke
- R.M. Turner
- R.S. Gregory
- R.T. Clemen
- R.T. Clemen
- R.T. Clemen
- R.T. Clemen
- R.T. Clemen
- R.T. Clemen
- S. French
- S. French
- S. French
- S. French
- S. French
- S. French
- S. French
- S. French
- S. French
- S. French
- S. Galmarini
- S. Renooij
- S.-W. Lin
- S.-W. Lin
- S.C. Hora
- S.J. OâNeill
- T. Bedford
- T. Bedford
- T. Rosqvist
- T.D. Stanley
- V.M. Bier
- W. Aspinal
- W.J. Burns
- W.S. Cleveland
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 09/02/2011
- Field of study
In a paper written some 25 years ago, I distinguished three contexts in which
one might wish to combine expert judgements of uncertainty: the expert problem, the group
decision problem and the textbook problem. Over the intervening years much has been written
on the first two, which have the focus of a single decision context, but little on the third,
though the closely related field of meta-analysis has developed considerably. With many
developments in internet technology, particularly in relation to interactivity and communication,
the textbook problem is gaining in importance since data and expert judgements
can be made available over the web to be used by many different individuals to shape their
own beliefs in many different contexts. Moreover, applications such as web-based decision
support, e-participation and e-democracy are making algorithmic âsolutionsâ to the group
decision problem attractive, despite many results showing we know that such solutions are,
at best, rare and, at worst, illusory. In this paper I survey developments since my earlier paper
and note some unresolved issues. Then I turn to how expert judgement might be used within
web-based group decision support, as well as in e-participation and e-democracy contexts.
The latter points to a growing importance of the textbook problem and suggests that Cookeâs
principles for scientific reporting of expert judgement studies may need enhancing for such
studies to be used by a wider audience
Bone scanning: A review of purpose and method
- Author
- A. Abbati
- A. Bickel
- A. Costeas
- A. de G. Treadwell
- A. Hulth
- A. Sicard
- A.B. Brill
- A.C. Brower
- A.C. Buck
- A.D. Waxman
- A.E. Jones
- A.G. King
- A.G. Richards
- A.I. Isitman
- A.J. Harrold
- A.J. Tofe
- A.L. Bachman
- A.N. Serafini
- A.N. Serafini
- B. Aberle
- B. Boc
- B. Casse
- B. Homquist
- B.J. McNeil
- B.J.L. Sauerbrunn
- B.M. Bowen
- C.C. Thomas
- C.H. Park
- C.J. Kay
- C.L. Comar
- C.L. Edwards
- C.M. Lederer
- C.S.B. Galasko
- C.S.B. Galasko
- C.S.B. Galasko
- C.W. Fassbender
- D.A. Legge
- D.A. Weber
- D.C. Dyke Van
- D.D. Faber
- D.F. Williams
- D.H. Copp
- D.H. Woodbury
- D.K. Oxley
- D.L. Citrin
- D.M. Sklaroff
- D.M. Taylor
- E. Gomez
- E. Lebowitz
- E. Nöh
- E.B. Silberstein
- E.B. Silberstein
- E.G. Bell
- E.G. Bell
- E.J. Greenberg
- E.W. Klein
- F. Gudzent
- F. Hosain
- F. Turner
- F.A. Kallfelz
- F.C. McLean
- F.G.E. Pautard
- F.H. DeLand
- F.L. BenoĂźt
- F.L. Hoffman
- F.P. Castronovo
- F.P. Castronovo
- F.P. Castronovo
- F.P. Castronovo Jr.
- F.R. Tucker
- F.S. Mishkin
- F.S. Mishkin
- G. Muheim
- G. Muheim
- G. Muheim
- G. Papavasiliou
- G. Papavasiliou
- G. Roncari
- G. SegmĂŒller
- G. SegmĂŒller
- G. Subramanian
- G. Subramanian
- G. Subramanian
- G. Subramanian
- G. Subramanian
- G. Subramanian
- G.A. Edelstyn
- G.C.H. Bauer
- G.C.H. Bauer
- G.C.H. Bauer
- G.C.H. Bauer
- G.E. Harrison
- G.E. Harrison
- G.F. Gates
- G.L. Brownell
- G.L. DeNardo
- G.L. DeNardo
- G.L. Dunson
- G.L. Schall
- G.M. Grames
- G.P. Arden
- G.P. Arden
- G.R. Berg
- G.R. Ray
- G.T. Krishnamurphy
- G.T. Krishnamurthy
- G.T. Krishnamurthy
- G.T. Krishnamurthy
- G.T. Krishnamurthy
- G.U.V. Rao
- G.V.S. Rayudu
- H. Ngan
- H. Spencer
- H. Umek
- H. Umek
- H. Venhor
- H.B.S. Kemp
- H.C. Dudley
- H.C. Dudley
- H.C. Dudley
- H.G. Kampffmeyer
- H.H. Hansen
- H.J. Dworkin
- H.J. Dworkin
- H.J. Dworkin
- H.L. DeNardo
- H.L. Dworkin
- H.L. Jaffe
- H.M. Abdel-Dayem
- H.N. Wellman
- H.N. Wellman
- H.O. Anger
- H.P. Pendergrass
- H.P. Schoenberg
- H.S. Martland
- I. Gynning
- I.B. Syed
- I.B. Syed
- I.H. Buttfield
- I.P.C. Murray
- I.R. McDougall
- I.R.C.P.
- J. Mallard
- J. Robillard
- J. Vennart
- J. Webb
- J.A. Reilly
- J.A. Volpe
- J.C. Clark
- J.C. Defiore
- J.C. Harbert
- J.F. Volker
- J.G. McAfee
- J.H. Thrall
- J.J. Barrett
- J.J. Wanken
- J.L. Alexander
- J.P. Huberty
- J.S. Scott
- J.S. Stevenson
- J.S. Stevenson
- K. Kettunen
- K. Matsui
- K. Zum Winkel
- K.E. Scheer
- K.L. Scholz
- K.R. Corey
- K.R. Corey
- L. Applegren
- L. Helson
- L. Klinger
- L. Rosenthall
- L.D. Russin
- L.D. Samuels
- L.D. Samuels
- L.J. Anghileri
- L.J. Anghileri
- L.T. Staheli
- M. Blau
- M. Blau
- M. Blau
- M. Brookes
- M. Desaulniers
- M. Erjavec
- M. Fellander
- M. Hegesippe
- M. Steinberg
- M.A. Bender
- M.A. Chaudhuri
- M.D. Francis
- M.G. Saunders
- M.J. Dallemagne
- M.K. Dewanjee
- M.P. Papworth
- M.R. McKamey
- M.V. Merrick
- M.V. Merrick
- M.V. Merrick
- N. Monetti
- N.D. Charkes
- N.D. Charkes
- N.D. Charkes
- N.D. Charkes
- N.D. Ckarkes
- N.D. Greyson
- N.J. Nolan
- O. Chiewitz
- P. Braunstein
- P. Georgi
- P. Graber
- P. Ronai
- P.A. Alffram
- P.H. Cox
- P.H. Shirazi
- P.H. Shirazi
- P.J. Cannon
- P.J. Ell
- P.J. Ell
- P.J. Kenny
- P.J. Taskinen
- P.V. Harper
- R. Chandra
- R. Chandra
- R. Holmes
- R. Marthy
- R. Sauer
- R. Shackman
- R. Spencer
- R. Spithakis
- R.A. Guérin
- R.A. Milch
- R.A. Wetzel
- R.C. Briggs
- R.D. Altman
- R.E. Ackerhalt
- R.E. Coleman
- R.E. Gosselin
- R.E. O'Mara
- R.E. O'Mara
- R.E. O'Mara
- R.E. Sonnemaker
- R.G.G. Russell
- R.J. French
- R.L. Hayes
- R.L. Hayes
- R.L. Tilden
- R.M. Hopkins
- R.M. Merle D'Aubigné
- R.N. Beck
- R.P. Heaney
- R.P. Spencer
- R.R. Baker
- R.R. Roy
- R.S. Diggins
- R.S. Frankel
- R.S. Frankel
- R.S. Riggins
- R.S. Tilbury
- R.T. Trackler
- S. McQuade
- S. Okuyama
- S.G. Kshirsagar
- S.K. Wood
- T. Blum
- T.D. Cradduck
- T.G. Goergen
- T.H. Milner
- T.K. Chaudhuri
- T.K. Chaudhuri
- U. BĂŒll
- V.W. Lee
- W. Groher
- W. Maier-Borst
- W.C. Eckelman
- W.D. Kaplan
- W.F. Neuman
- W.G. Meyers
- W.G. Weber
- W.H. Fleming
- W.J. Malinowska
- W.J. Simpson
- W.J. Tuddenham
- W.K. Jasinski
- W.K. Jasinski
- W.M. Sy
- W.T. Bessler
- W.W. Wenzel
- Y. Yano
- Y. Yano
- Z. Karika
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/1976
- Field of study
Guidelines and Counselling for Treatment Options in the Management of Prostate Cancer
- Author
- A. Brufsky
- A. DâAmico
- A. Heidenreich
- A. Heidenreich
- A. Heidenreich
- A. Heidenreich
- A. Pollack
- A.A. Elgamal
- A.J. Schrader
- A.L. Zietman
- A.M. Bayoumi
- A.R. Zlotta
- A.S. Narayana
- A.T. Porter
- B. Djavan
- B. Nair
- B. Schmitt
- B. Schmitt
- B.A. Lowe
- C. Huggins
- C. Huggins
- C. Ohlmann
- C.A. Lawton
- C.C. Schulman
- C.G. Roehrborn
- C.J. Ryan
- C.J. Tyrrell
- C.R. Pound
- D. Ash
- D. Ouden Van den
- D.A. Corral
- D.A. Loblaw
- D.F. Gleason
- D.G. McLeod
- D.G. McLeod
- D.J. Samson
- D.K. Ornstein
- D.P. Byar
- D.P. Petrylak
- D.S. Scherr
- E.J. Small
- E.J. Small
- E.M. Messing
- F. Boccardo
- F. Helgesen
- F. Saad
- F.H. Schroder
- F.H. Schröder
- G. Aus
- G. Aus
- G. Aus
- G. Bartsch
- G. Lu-Yao
- G.D. Steinberg
- G.E. Hanks
- G.E. Hanks
- G.J. Bubley
- G.J. Kolvenbag
- G.S. Merrick
- G.W. Chodak
- H. Hricak
- H. Palmedo
- H. Poppel Van
- H. Poppel Van
- H.I. Scher
- H.J. Schmoll
- H.P. Schmid
- I.F. Tannock
- I.F. Tannock
- I.M. Thompson
- I.M. Thompson
- J. Adolfsson
- J. Morote
- J. Rorvik
- J. Seidenfeld
- J.A. Smith Jr
- J.C. Applewhite
- J.E. Oesterling
- J.I. Epstein
- J.I. Epstein
- K.P. Delaere
- L. Boccon-Gibod
- L. Holmberg
- L. Klotz
- L. Klotz
- L. Potters
- L.A. Eskew
- L.E. Moffat
- L.N. Lee
- M. Bolla
- M. Bolla
- M. Bolla
- M. Golimbu
- M. Pether
- M. Roach
- M.E. Gleave
- M.G. Harisinghani
- M.G. Oefelein
- M.J. Haggman
- M.J. Zelefsky
- M.K. Terris
- M.P. Wirth
- M.S. Soloway
- M.S. Soloway
- M.V. Pilepich
- Medical Research Council Prostate Cancer Working Party Investigators Group
- N.A. Dawson
- N.E. Fleshner
- N.E. Fleshner
- P. Albertsen
- P. Bader
- P. Lodding
- P.C. Albertsen
- P.C. Sogani
- P.C. Walsh
- P.F. Schellhammer
- P.N. Post
- P.W. Kanthoff
- Prostate Cancer Trialistsâ Collaborative Group
- R. Ghavamian
- R. Kirby
- R. Lundgren
- R.G. Middleton
- R.H. Liebross
- R.H. Oyen
- R.M. Galalae
- R.O. Fourcade
- R.P. Gibbons
- S. Krege
- S.C. Thorpe
- S.D. Heenan
- S.E. Oliver
- T.A. Stamey
- U. Buell
- U.E. Studer
- V. Beckendorf
- W. Horninger
- W.K. Kelly
- W.K. Oh
- W.K. Oh
- W.P. Jordan Jr
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2007
- Field of study
Molecular basis of the establishment and functioning of a N2-fixing root nodule
- Author
- A. Gardiol
- A. Kinnback
- A.A.N. Brussel Van
- A.A.N. Brussel Van
- A.F. Lois
- A.J. Delauney
- A.M. Fitzmaurice
- A.M. Fitzmaurice
- A.R. Glenn
- B. Burkhardt
- B. Dreyfus
- B. Horvath
- B. Thöny
- B. Thöny
- B. Thöny
- B.D.W. Jarvis
- B.G. Rolfe
- B.J. King
- B.J. Shelp
- B.T. Driscoll
- C. Gabel
- C. Hertig
- C.-H. Kim
- C.A. Appleby
- C.A. Maxwell
- C.A. Shearman
- C.P. Vance
- C.R. McClung
- C.W. Ronson
- C.W. Ronson
- C.W. Ronson
- C.W. Ronson
- C.W. Sonson
- D. Anthamatten
- D. Anthamatten
- D. Jording
- D. Kahn
- D. Kahn
- D. Popham
- D. Werner
- D. Werner
- D.A. Day
- D.B. Layzell
- D.C. Jordan
- D.G. McRae
- D.J. Bradley
- D.L. Keister
- D.P.S. Verma
- D.P.S. Verma
- D.R. Dean
- D.V. Phillips
- E. Blumwald
- E. Kondorosi
- E. Kondorosi
- E. MartĂnez
- E. MartĂnez-Romero
- E. Morett
- E. Morett
- E. Santero
- E.K. James
- E.K. Monson
- E.L. Kannenberg
- E.L. Virts
- E.M. Atkinson
- E.T. Gaworzewska
- F. Arigoni
- F. Debellé
- F. Rodriguez-Quinones
- F. Waelkens
- F.-L. Chen
- F.B. Dazzo
- F.J. Bergersen
- F.J. Bergersen
- G. Herrada
- G. Smit
- G. Smit
- G. Truchet
- G.D. Price
- G.N. Gussin
- H. Hennecke
- H. Kouchi
- H. Kouchi
- H. Röhrig
- H.C. Winter
- H.J. Franssen
- H.M. Fischer
- H.P. Spaink
- H.P. Spaink
- H.P. Spaink
- I. Dusha
- I. Kullik
- I. Kullik
- I. Török
- I. Vijn
- I.A. McKay
- J. Batut
- J. Beynon
- J. Dénarié
- J. Green
- J. Jiang
- J. Michiels
- J. Michiels
- J. Nguyen
- J. Schwedock
- J.-P. Nap
- J.A. Downie
- J.B. Wittenberg
- J.E. Sheehy
- J.E. Sheehy
- J.F. Hanks
- J.F. Witty
- J.G. Robertson
- J.G. Streeter
- J.G. Streeter
- J.G. Streeter
- J.L. Beynon
- J.M. Reyrat
- J.P.W. Young
- J.T. Mulligan
- J.V. Cullimore
- J.W. Kijne
- J.W. Kijne
- J.W. Redmond
- J.X. Gray
- K. Lindström
- K. Rostas
- K.A. VandenBosch
- K.D. Noel
- K.R. Schubert
- L. Copeland
- L. Rosendahl
- L. Rossen
- L. Segovia
- L.-J.O. Yang
- L.P. Thöny-Meyer
- M. Bott
- M. Bott
- M. Bott
- M. Buck
- M. David
- M. David
- M. Göttfert
- M. John
- M. Schultze
- M.A. Gilles-Gonzalez
- M.A. Schell
- M.A. Webb
- M.D. Stowers
- M.G. Fortin
- M.H. Scholla
- M.J. Boland
- M.J. Duncan
- M.J. Merrick
- M.J.D. San Francisco
- M.K. Udvardi
- M.K. Udvardi
- M.L. Kahn
- M.R. Chandler
- N. Baev
- N. Demont
- N.K. Peters
- N.K. Peters
- N.R. Krieg
- O. Geiger
- O. Preisig
- O.K. Yarosh
- P. Boistard
- P. Lerouge
- P. Philip de
- P. Roche
- P. Young
- P.G. Agron
- P.J. Dart
- P.J.S. Rhijn Van
- R. Arwas
- R.A. Geremia
- R.B. Mellor
- R.B. Mellor
- R.F. Fisher
- R.J. Watson
- R.J. Watson
- R.M. Kosslak
- R.P. Legocki
- R.V. Klucas
- R.W. Innes
- S. Bassarab
- S. Bassarab
- S. Rawsthorne
- S. Rossbach
- S. Sasse-Dwight
- S.A. Lancelle
- S.J. Vesper
- S.M. Faria de
- S.O. Salminen
- S.P. Harrison
- T.H. Engelke
- T.L. Graham
- T.M. Finan
- T.M. Finan
- T.R. McDermott
- U.A. Hartwig
- V.I. Romanov
- W. Newcomb
- W. Newcomb
- W.M. Barbour
- W.X. Chen
- Z. Banfalvi
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Prostatakarzinom
- Author
- A. Bamias
- A. Berruti
- A. Bhandari
- A. Bill-Axelson
- A. Bill-Axelson
- A. Bill-Axelson
- A. Briganti
- A. Brufsky
- A. Buness
- A. Falcone
- A. Fleischmann
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- W.B. Grant
- W.H. Cooner
- W.H. Pinover
- W.J. Catalona
- W.J. Catalona
- W.J. Catalona
- W.J. Catalona
- W.J. Catalona
- W.J. Catalona
- W.J. Catalona
- W.J. Catalona
- W.J. Catalona
- W.J. Ellis
- W.J. Ellis
- W.K. Ellis
- W.K. Lau
- W.K. Oh
- W.L. Strohmaier
- W.R. Lee
- W.U. Shipley
- W.W. Roberts
- W.W. Scott
- W.W. Scott
- X. Rebillard
- Y. Kojima
- Y.P. Yu
- Z. Fuks
- Z. Korodi
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2009
- Field of study
Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
- Publication venue
- 'Oxford University Press (OUP)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical science. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press