Integral equation for inhomogeneous condensed bosons generalizing the Gross-Pitaevskii differential equation

We give here the derivation of a Gross-Pitaevskii--type equation for inhomogeneous condensed bosons. Instead of the original Gross-Pitaevskii differential equation, we obtain an integral equation that implies less restrictive assumptions than are made in the very recent study of Pieri and Strinati [Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 (2003) 030401]. In particular, the Thomas-Fermi approximation and the restriction to small spatial variations of the order parameter invoked in their study are avoided.Comment: Phys. Rev. A (accepted

Bifunctional [c2]Daisy-Chains and Their Incorporation into Mechanically Interlocked Polymers

A strategy for the formation of mechanically interlocked polymers is presented. Ring-closing olefin metathesis has been shown to provide a very high yielding route to [c2]daisy-chains suitably functionalized to allow their one-step conversion to bisolefins which can be used as monomers in ADMET polymerizations to afford mechanically interlocked polymers. Metathesis, in two different guises is making a hitherto unreachable goal in synthesis a reality

Toward an Energy Efficient Language and Compiler for (Partially) Reversible Algorithms

We introduce a new programming language for expressing reversibility, Energy-Efficient Language (Eel), geared toward algorithm design and implementation. Eel is the first language to take advantage of a partially reversible computation model, where programs can be composed of both reversible and irreversible operations. In this model, irreversible operations cost energy for every bit of information created or destroyed. To handle programs of varying degrees of reversibility, Eel supports a log stack to automatically trade energy costs for space costs, and introduces many powerful control logic operators including protected conditional, general conditional, protected loops, and general loops. In this paper, we present the design and compiler for the three language levels of Eel along with an interpreter to simulate and annotate incurred energy costs of a program.Comment: 17 pages, 0 additional figures, pre-print to be published in The 8th Conference on Reversible Computing (RC2016

An Electrochemical Color-Switchable RGB Dye: Tristable [2]Catenane

We propose a design for an electrochemically driven RGB dye based on a tristable [2]catenane, in which the color of the molecule can be switched between Red, Green, and Blue by merely changing voltage. Based on DFT calculations, we conclude that the tristable [2]catenane should consist of a CBPQT^(4+) ring interlocked with a polyether macrocyle containing DNP (red), TTF (green), and FBZD (blue) units as the tunable RGB color-generating donors. Thus, at controllable voltages 0, V_1, and V_2, the [2]catenane is expected to display green, blue, and red colors, respectively. The advent of these RGB tristable molecules may have potential applications in low cost paperlike electronic displays

High temperature effects on seedling emergence and embryo protein synthesis of sorghum

High soil temperatures (>45°C) inhibit the field emergence of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] in the semiarid tropics. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that the measurement of embryo protein synthesis (EPS) is convenient an d rapid technique for the assessment of sorghum emergence at high soil temperatures. Two experiments were conducted, one using four landrace accessions and another using 14 commercially available lines. Seedling emergence was measured in a large water bath containing a series of soil-filled clay pots. The temperature of the soil in the pots could be regulated (35–50°C) using infrared lamps. Protein synthesis was measured by incubating embryo-containing half-seeds with 14C-labeled amino acids at different temperatures (35–40°C); the resulting labeled proteins were extracted for counting. The relative rankings of the landraces with respect to EPS and emergence demonstrated that the EPS technique clearly distinguished between lines that were able or unable to emerge at 50°C. However, with the commercially available lines, despite the agreement between the ranking of EPS and emergence, two lines diverged from this relationship, which is attributed to the greater complexity of the overall emergence process