Evaluasi Penentuan Waktu Tanam Padi (Oriza Sativa L.) Berdasarkan Analisa Curah Hujan dan Ketersediaan Air pada Wilayah Bedungan Sekka-Sekka Kabupaten Polewali Mandar

Tanaman padi merupakan tanaman penting dan strategis di Indonesia. Kebutuhan pangan khususnya beras mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Salah satu unsur iklim yang sangat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi padi adalah curah hujan. Produktivitas rata-rata tanaman padi berkisar 5,14 t /ha. Padahal, potensi produktivitas tanaman padi dapat mencapai 10-11 t/ha. Salah satu penyebabkan rendahnya produktivitas tersebut adalah ketersediaan air khususnya pada musim kemarau. Upaya yang bisa diakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan mengevaluasi dari optimasi waktu tanam berdasarkan analisa curah hujan dan ketersediaan air. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan sumber data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari observasi langsung di lapangan tentang kegiatan dan penerapan teknik budidaya hingga waktu panen dan pasca panen. Data primer juga diperoleh dari suatu pengukuran curah hujan, tanah, hidrotopografi dan teknis jaringan. Data sekunder diperoleh dari penelusuran kepustakaan berupa buku-buku teks, laporan penelitian, jurnal ilmiah, peta serta internet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi waktu tanam padi berdasarkan analisa curah hujan dan ketersediaan air pada Bendungan Sekka-Sekka Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Hasil penelitian Bendungan Sekka-sekka terbagi menjadi 2 jaringan primer yakni Saluran Induk Maloso Kanan dan Saluran Induk Maloso Kiri. Pembagian air di dilakukan berdasarkan 3 UPTD yakni UPTD Bendung Sekka-Sekka, UPTD Maloso Kanan dan UPTD Maloso Kiri. Penentuan waktu tanam di Wilayah Bendungan Sekka Musim tanam I dimulai pada Bulan Maret dan Bulan April sedangkan pada musim II dimulai pada Bulan Juli , Agustus dan September

Criminal Accountability Against Illegal Civil Servant Salary Receipt in Criminal Acts of Corruption

The current study draws attention to analyze the right to salary of Civil Servant (PNS) undergoing legal proceedings and to analyze the qualifications of criminal act of corruption within the scope of the State Civil Apparatus. This study was an empirical legal research. The findings showed that the right to salary and benefits of Civil Servant undergoing legal proceedings was regulated in Article 281 of Law No. 11 of 2017 concerning Management of Civil State Apparatus that Civil Servant who were temporary dismissed due to detention of a suspect shall not be entitled to receive salary, but shall receive temporary dismissal pay. The amount of temporary dismissal pay is 50% (fifty percent) of the last salary as civil servant before being temporary dismissed in accordance with the laws and regulations. Temporary dismissal pay shall be received in the following month since the stipulation the temporary dismissal. On this basis, a comprehensive regulation is needed relating to supervisory oversight mechanism who made an omission against her subordinate civil servants who have committed disciplinary violations, especially those who were suspected of committing criminal act

Scaling up HIV testing in resourceconstrained settings: Debates on the role of VCT and Routine ‘Opt-in or Opt-out\' HIV Testing

Scaling up of the numbers of people voluntarily undergoing HIV testing has become vital, especially in resource-constrained settings, where the need for knowledge of HIV status for both prevention and care is critical. The reality is that for most people in Africa, access to HIV testing and to voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) has been very limited, and this has human rights implications – missing the opportunity to be diagnosed with a disease that is now well understood, manageable and treatable means certain death. The key challenge in our current context is how scaling up of HIV testing should be done. In responding to this challenge, we are guided by Gruskin and Loff,1 who state that ‘A human rights approach mandates that any public strategy, whether or not rights are to be restricted, be informed by evidence and widely debated. This approach protects against unproved and potentially counterproductive strategies, even those motivated by the genuine despair in the face of overwhelming public health challenges.\' This article describes the arguments and discussion raised during a session on models for increasing access to HIV testing at the 2nd National Conference on HIV/AIDS held in Durban in June 2005. It describes the legal framework for HIV testing in South Africa, frames the issues at the heart of the debate, and describes and discusses the various models of HIV testing, routine HIV testing, VCT and mandatory or compulsory HIV testing, within the context of HIV prevention and care. It concludes with recommendations. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine Vol. 6 (3) 2005: pp. 45-4

Precise half-life measurement of 110Sn and 109In isotopes

The half-lives of 110Sn and 109In isotopes have been measured with high precision. The results are T1/2 =4.173 +- 0.023 h for 110Sn and T1/2 = 4.167 +-0.018 h for 109In. The precision of the half-lives has been increased by a factor of 5 with respect to the literature values which makes results of the recently measured 106Cd(alpha,gamma)110Sn and 106Cd(alpha,p)109In cross sections more reliable.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev C as brief repor

Zinc Oxide Hydrogen Sulfide Removal Catalyst/ Preparation, Activity Test and Kinetic Study

Hydrogen sulfide removal catalyst was prepared chemically by precipitation of zinc bicarbonate at a controlled pH. The physical and chemical catalyst characterization properties were investigated. The catalyst was tested for its activity in adsorption of H2S using a plant that generates the H2S from naphtha hydrodesulphurization and a unit for the adsorption of H2S. The results comparison between the prepared and commercial catalysts revealed that the chemical method can be used to prepare the catalyst with a very good activity.<br />It has observed that the hydrogen sulfide removal over zinc oxide catalyst follows first order reaction kinetics with activation energy of 19.26 kJ/mole and enthalpy and entropy of activation of 14.49 kJ/mole and -220.41 J/mole respectively.<br /

An experimental study of the dual-fuel performance of a small compression ignition diesel engine operating with three gaseous fuels

A dual-fuel engine is a compression ignition (CI) engine where the primary gaseous fuel source is premixed with air as it enters the combustion chamber. This homogenous mixture is ignited by a small quantity of diesel, the ‘pilot’, that is injected towards the end of the compression stroke. In the present study, a direct-injection CI engine, was fuelled with three different gaseous fuels: methane, propane, and butane. The engine performance at various gaseous concentrations was recorded at 1500 r/min and quarter, half, and three-quarters relative to full a load of 18.7 kW. In order to investigate the combustion performance, a novel three-zone heat release rate analysis was applied to the data. The resulting heat release rate data are used to aid understanding of the performance characteristics of the engine in dual-fuel mode. Data are presented for the heat release rates, effects of engine load and speed, brake specific energy consumption of the engine, and combustion phasing of the three different primary gaseous fuels. Methane permitted the maximum energy substitution, relative to diesel, and yielded the most significant reductions in CO2. However, propane also had significant reductions in CO2 but had an increased diffusional combustion stage which may lend itself to the modern high-speed direct-injection engine