Petrarch’s “Original” of the Fragmenta 1362-1558: from Boccaccio to Rovillio’s third printing

This essay questions the use of the term original to refer to Petrarch’s partial holograph of the Fragmenta (Vaticano Latino 3195) by examining the essential scribal change of register, from “fair” to “service” copy, that the poet imposed upon the still unsewn quires. Especially for an author like Petrarch, keen upon revising minute details of his lyrics and upon authorizing an “edition” of his own work, a fair copy produced by a professional copyist under his supervision was, as we see in much of Latino 3195 and in professional copies of other works supervised by the poet, a key component of his “original.” Examining four integrated critical and material approaches to Petrarch’s work not only in the partial holograph but also in early codices and early printed editions, this study analyzes the utility of early fair copies in tracing the “original” of the Fragmenta

Petrarch’s “Original” of the Fragmenta 1362-1558: from Boccaccio to Rovillio’s third printing

This essay questions the use of the term original to refer to Petrarch’s partial holograph of the Fragmenta (Vaticano Latino 3195) by examining the essential scribal change of register, from “fair” to “service” copy, that the poet imposed upon the still unsewn quires. Especially for an author like Petrarch, keen upon revising minute details of his lyrics and upon authorizing an “edition” of his own work, a fair copy produced by a professional copyist under his supervision was, as we see in much of Latino 3195 and in professional copies of other works supervised by the poet, a key component of his “original.” Examining four integrated critical and material approaches to Petrarch’s work not only in the partial holograph but also in early codices and early printed editions, this study analyzes the utility of early fair copies in tracing the “original” of the Fragmenta

Genetics of Flower Color in Asystasia gangetica, Linn.

Volume: 9Start Page: 62End Page: 6

The Effect of Biculturalism on Depression in Northern Plains Native American College Students

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the effect of biculturalism on depression in a propsed sample of 52 Northern Plains Native American College students (32 female, 20 male). This study tested the applicability of the Orthogonal Theory of Biculturalism (Oetting and Beauvais, 1992). Subjects completed the Northern Plains Biculturalism scale (NPBI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-Second edition (BDI-II). A descriptive analysis, Pearson product moment correlational analysis, independent t-tests, and multiple regression analysis were performed. The multiple regression utilized the two-culture orientation subscales of the NPBI as predictor variables and the total score of the BDI-II as outcome variables. It was predicted that higher scores on both NPBI subscales (Bicultural competence) predicted lower scores on the BDI-II. No significant results were found in this study

The Impact Of Biculturalism On Human Learned Helplessness With Northern Plains Native Americans

This study investigated the effects of participant ethnicity, research ethnicity, and either failure, success, or neural feedback on performance on letter anagram tasks. The failure feedback represented a standard learned helplessness paradigm with the dependent measures focused on the interferences and behavior of he participants in response to feedback from either a Native American or European American researcher. A total of 55 Native Americans and 73 European Americans were assigned randomly to one of three feedback conditions (success, failure, neutral) conducted by a study blind examiner of either American Indian or Caucasian ethnicity and appearance. Participant level of biculturalism was assessed using the Northern Plains Biculturalism Inventory (NPBI), a 30 item questionnaire which assesses the degree of cultural competence on two orthogonally related cultural dimensions. Learned helplessness effects were inferred for groups as a function of anagrams completed as well as through the Concept Formation Task Questionnaire (CFTQ) measure of individual participant self-perceptions regarding the adequacy of their performance. Feedback was manipulated by the examiners with random assignment of participants to either a 100% Failure group, 100% Success condition, of accurate and neutral feedback. Additional questionnaire items were used to ethnicity. Native American participants did complete the fewest anagrams in the failure condition as predicted when European American examiners provided the feedback. Native American participant confidence and satisfaction in their performance on the anagram task (CFTQ) was curiously lower when the feedback came back from a European American examiner as opposed to someone from the same ethnicity. It was also hypothesized in this study that American Indian subjects exhibiting higher levels of Traditional or Marginal cultural orientation would show greater frustration and learned helplessness in the Failure group than their more Assimilated or Bicultural peers, as well as the Caucasian subjects. Trends were shown suggesting resiliency to these effects among American Indian participants with Bicultural or Assimilated, as opposed to Traditional or Marginal cultural orientations

The Impact Of Biculturalism On Human Learned Helplessness With Northern Plains Native Americans

This study investigated the effects of participant ethnicity, research ethnicity, and either failure, success, or neural feedback on performance on letter anagram tasks. The failure feedback represented a standard learned helplessness paradigm with the dependent measures focused on the interferences and behavior of he participants in response to feedback from either a Native American or European American researcher. A total of 55 Native Americans and 73 European Americans were assigned randomly to one of three feedback conditions (success, failure, neutral) conducted by a study blind examiner of either American Indian or Caucasian ethnicity and appearance. Participant level of biculturalism was assessed using the Northern Plains Biculturalism Inventory (NPBI), a 30 item questionnaire which assesses the degree of cultural competence on two orthogonally related cultural dimensions. Learned helplessness effects were inferred for groups as a function of anagrams completed as well as through the Concept Formation Task Questionnaire (CFTQ) measure of individual participant self-perceptions regarding the adequacy of their performance. Feedback was manipulated by the examiners with random assignment of participants to either a 100% Failure group, 100% Success condition, of accurate and neutral feedback. Additional questionnaire items were used to ethnicity. Native American participants did complete the fewest anagrams in the failure condition as predicted when European American examiners provided the feedback. Native American participant confidence and satisfaction in their performance on the anagram task (CFTQ) was curiously lower when the feedback came back from a European American examiner as opposed to someone from the same ethnicity. It was also hypothesized in this study that American Indian subjects exhibiting higher levels of Traditional or Marginal cultural orientation would show greater frustration and learned helplessness in the Failure group than their more Assimilated or Bicultural peers, as well as the Caucasian subjects. Trends were shown suggesting resiliency to these effects among American Indian participants with Bicultural or Assimilated, as opposed to Traditional or Marginal cultural orientations

Observations of far-infrared fine structure lines: o III88.35 micrometer and oI 63.2 micrometer

Observations of the O III 88.35 micrometer line and the O I63.2 micrometer were made with a far infrared spectrometer. The sources M17, NGC 7538, and W51 were mapped in the O III line with 1 arc minute resolution and the emission is found to be quite widespread. In all cases the peak of the emission coincides with the maximum radio continuum. The far infrared continuum was mapped simultaneously and in M17, NGC 7538, and W51 the continuum peak is found to be distinct from the center of ionization. The O III line was also detected in W3, W49, and in a number of positions in the Orion nebula. Upper limits were obtained on NGS 7027, NGC 6572, DR21, G29.9-0.0 and M82. The 63.2 micrometer O I line was detected in M17, M42, and marginally in DR21. A partial map of M42 in this line shows that most of the emission observed arises from the Trapezium and from the bright optical bar to the southeast

Detection of interstellar NH sub 3 in the far-warm and dense gas in Orion-KL

The detection of the (J,K) = a(4,3) yields s(3,3) rotation inversion transition of ammonia at 124.6 microns toward the center of the Orion-KL region is reported. The line is in emission and has a FWHM or = to 30 km s 0.15. The far IR ammonia line emission probably comes mainly from the 'hot core', a compact region of warm, very dense gas previously identified by the radio inversion lines of NH3. The a(4,3) yields s(3,3) line is very optically thick, and since it is seen in emission, radiative excitation of the (4,3) NH3 level by far IR emission from dust within the source can be ruled out. Radiative excitation via the 10 microns of vibrational transitions of NH3 also seems unlikely. Hence, the (4,3) level is probably collisionally excited and the gas in the hot core region is warmer than the dust. Since the far IR line emission is highly trapped, densities of approximately 10 to the 7th power cu cm are high enough to explain the observations. Shock heating by the mass outflow from IRc2 may account for the high gas temperatures in the hot core region

Variations in the spatial distribution of 11 Micron radiation from omicron Ceti

The spatial distribution of 11 micron radiation from omicron Ceti was observed at various phases of its light cycle using a stellar interferometer. Changes were seen which can be attributed to variation in the strength of thermal emission from circumstellar dust relative to the stellar continuum at 11 microns. These changes are shown to be correlated with the changes in luminosity of micron Ceti in such a way that dust grain emission at 11 microns was increased more than the continuum during the period of maximum luminosity. The degree of the change in dust grain emission implies that the maximum dust temperature is in the range of 500 K to 700 K during minimum stellar luminosity

Working relationships for sustainability: Improving work-based relationships in local government to bring about sustainability goals

Theres no escape: we are always in relationship. Being aware of this matters. Doing something to build constructive relationships for sustainability, matters even more. This paper considers the connection between good relationships and effective sustainability work in local government. It draws on the collective experiences of four practitioners who have worked over many years in, with or for local government and argues that a good deal of project success is contingent upon the development of positive relationships with stakeholders, contractors, communities, businesses, colleagues, partners and other agencies and agency officers