Diversity of Phytoplankton and Pollution Tolerant Species of Navule Pond, Shivamogga, Karnataka

The present study deals with phytoplankton population of Navule pond in Shivamogga during September 2014 to August 2015. Blue-greens constituted the major group (41.75%) followed by Chlorococcalas (36.68%), Diatoms (13.36%), euglenoids (7.35%) and Desmids (0.86%). The phytoplankton community was composed of 11 species of Blue-greens, 20 species of Chlorococcales, 18 species of Diatoms, 11 species of Euglenoids and 08 species of Desmids. Each group of phytoplankton showed different peak periods, the summer season produces relatively more phytoplankton than rainy and winter season. The variations in physico-chemical parameters are responsible for the fluctuation of quantity of phytoplankton.  The dominant genera recorded on the pond were Anabaenopsis sp., Ocillatoria sp., Euglena sp., and Phacus. Some of the pollution tolerant species identified during the present study are Scenedesmusquadricauda, Coelastrum sp., Tetraedonmuticum, Ocillatoria sp., Phormidium sp., Microcystis sp., Anabaena sp., Navicula sp., Synedra ulna, Cyclotella sp., and Pinnularia sp. In the present study Microcystisaeroginosa was recorded indicates the civic pollution

STUDIES ON SURFACE WATER QUALITY EVALUATION OF GOWRIKERE TANK, ANANDAPURA, SAGARA, SHIVAMOGGA, KARNATAKA, INDIA

ABSTRACT Studies were carried out to assess the water quality of Gowrikere tank at Anandapura village of Shivamogga district of Karnataka. The physico-chemical parameters of the Gowrikere tank were carried out during January to December 2013. The physico-chemical characteristics of tank have direct impact on prevailing organisms as well as human being using such water. The normal ranges of physico-chemical properties indicate the good water quality. The estimated water quality parameters were compared with the standard values prescribed by the Bureau of India Standards (BIS) and World Health Organization (WHO). The study revealed that water is polluted as it possesses high BOD and CO2. Hence preventive measures are required to avoid further deterioration of the tank water quality

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE FROM HABENARIA INTERMEDIA D. DON FOR SCREENING OF HEPATOPROTECITVE POTENTIAL AGAINST CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INDUCED TOXICITY IN ALBINO RAT LIVER

The purpose of the study was to isolate the coumarin glycoside constituent from the ethyl acetate fraction of tubers of Habenaria intermedia D. Don by column chromatography using the gradient elution technique. The isolated coumarin glycoside was characterized by spectral studies and screened for hepatoprotecitve potential on CCl4 induced toxicity in rat liver. The coumarin glycoside (Scopoletin) protective activity was evaluated by the assay of liver function biochemical parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, Bilirubin, total protein and histopathological studies of the liver. Results showed that the toxic effect of CCl4 was controlled significantly by restoration of the levels of serum bilirubin, proteins and enzymes as compared to the normal and standard drug Silymarin treated groups. Histology of the liver sections of the rats treated with isolated coumarin glycoside showed the presence of normal hepatic cords, absence of necrosis and fatty infiltration, which further substantiated hepatoprotecitve activity. Therefore, outcome of the present study ascertains that the isolated coumarin glycoside possesses significant hepatoprotecitve activity

Fish Diversity in Huchharayanakere, Shikaripura, Shivamogga District, Karnataka, India

Fresh water wetlands are fragile ecosystems, which are fast deterioring and shrinking due to manmade activities. The fish composition of Huchharayanakere of Shikaripura was studied for a period of twelve months from January to December 2015. The icthyo-faunal diversity of this pond confirmed the occurrence of 13 species of fishes belonging to 5 families. The family Cyprinidae represented by 9 species. Families Anabantidae, Bagridae, Clupeidae and Notopteridae were represented by only a single species. Simultaneously the physico-chemical condition of the water body revealed that water quality is suitable for fish culture. The study of fish fauna of an aquatic body is useful for planning of fisheries development. The pond needs proper management and utilization of this fish wealth and sustainable steps to monitor and conserve the fish health. The present study revealed that Huchharayanakere of Shikaripura harbors wide varieties of fish with economic importance in local and global trade. The study will provide future strategies for development and fish conservation

SYNTHESIS AND ASSESSMENT OF HEPATOPROTECITVE ACTIVITY OF SOME NEW 2-ARYL TETRAHYDROQUINOLINE AND SPIROOXYINDOLYL TETRAHYDROQUINOLINE DERIVATIVES

Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotecitve potential of some newly synthesized tetrahydroquinoline derivatives against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic damage in wister rats.Methods: A series of 2-aryl, 4-N vinyl pyrrolido/caprolacto and spirooxy indolyl tetrahydroquinolines were synthesized by imino Diels-Alder reaction using Antimony (III) sulfate as catalyst. The titled compounds were characterized by IR, 1HNMR spectroscopy and screened for hepatoprotecitve activity. Hepatopotoxicity was induced in male Wister rats by intrperitoneal injection of CCl4. Wister rats weighing 150-200g were randomly assigned in to various groups of six animals each. Group I – Normal control received only 1% Tween in distilled water, Group II – Served as negative control received CCl4 in liquid paraffin 1 ml/kg p. o. at every 72 h for 10 days. Group III – X were intoxicated with CCl4 1 ml/kg p. o. before the administration of Silymarin 100 mg/kg p. o. and suspension of synthetic derivatives in polyethylene glycol-400 at the dose of 25 mg/kg p. o. for 10 days. Different hepatic biochemical parameters viz. SGOT, SGPT, SALP, Total and direct bilirubin were evaluated before and after treatment to investigate the hepatoprotecitve activity.Results: It was observed that in CCl4 intoxicated group; total and direct bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, SALP levels were significantly increased as compared to control group. Administration of synthesized tetrahydroquinoline derivatives at the dose of 25 mg/kg p. o. reduced these pathological damages caused by CCl4 intoxication compared to normal and Silymarin treated groups.Conclusion: The present study revealed that synthesized tetrahydroquinoline derivatives, showed hepatoprotecitve potential against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in wister rats, thus offering a novel synthetic formulation as a hepatoprotecitve drug.Â