Strongly magnetized pulsars: explosive events and evolution

Well before the radio discovery of pulsars offered the first observational confirmation for their existence (Hewish et al., 1968), it had been suggested that neutron stars might be endowed with very strong magnetic fields of $10^{10}$-$10^{14}$G (Hoyle et al., 1964; Pacini, 1967). It is because of their magnetic fields that these otherwise small ed inert, cooling dead stars emit radio pulses and shine in various part of the electromagnetic spectrum. But the presence of a strong magnetic field has more subtle and sometimes dramatic consequences: In the last decades of observations indeed, evidence mounted that it is likely the magnetic field that makes of an isolated neutron star what it is among the different observational manifestations in which they come. The contribution of the magnetic field to the energy budget of the neutron star can be comparable or even exceed the available kinetic energy. The most magnetised neutron stars in particular, the magnetars, exhibit an amazing assortment of explosive events, underlining the importance of their magnetic field in their lives. In this chapter we review the recent observational and theoretical achievements, which not only confirmed the importance of the magnetic field in the evolution of neutron stars, but also provide a promising unification scheme for the different observational manifestations in which they appear. We focus on the role of their magnetic field as an energy source behind their persistent emission, but also its critical role in explosive events.Comment: Review commissioned for publication in the White Book of "NewCompStar" European COST Action MP1304, 43 pages, 8 figure

Talassemi majorlü çocukjarda karaciğer ve demir metobolizması

TEZ2038Tez (Uzmanlık) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1996.Kaynakça (s.65-72) var.ii, 72 s. ; res. ; 30 cm.

The usage of remifentanil and alfentanil in alleviating pain and anxiety during bone marrow aspiration in pediatric patients

Aims: To investigate the efficacy and safety of remifentanil and alfentanil compared with local anesthesia in providing analgesia and sedation during bone marrow aspiration procedures. Methods: Seventy-four children who underwent a diagnostic bone marrow aspiration were included in this study. Patients were assigned to one of 3 treatment groups (remifentanil, alfentanil and local anesthesia). Vital signs, sedation, pain scores, and somatic responses were recorded during and after bone marrow aspiration procedure. Results: There were no statistical differences between pain scores of the remifentanil group and the alfentanil group. Pain scores were significantly higher in the local anesthesia group compared with the other groups. None of the patients in the study had deep sedation, hypotension, bradycardia, hypoxemia, or respiratory depression. Conclusions: Remifentanil and alfentanil are effective in children and can be used safely in bone marrow aspiration procedure

Use of personal protective equipment and factors associated with injuries among vocational and technical high school students [Mesleki ve teknik lise öğrencilerinde kişisel koruyucu donanim kullanimi ve yaralanma durumu ile ilişkili faktörler]

Objective: In this study, the aim was to investigate the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and the factors associated with injuries among vocational and industrial high schools in Adana and Mersin. Material and Method: This cross-sectional study included 1742 students who attended high schools in the Adana and Mersin provinces between April and May 2013. The questionnaire was filled out by the students. The study data were evaluated by descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, Student’s t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test and binary logistic regression. Results: The study included 1742 students. Among the students, 1530 (87.8%) were male. While 1510 (86.7%) students used at least one PPE, 232 (13.3%) used none at all. In the binary logistic regression model, 10th graders (OR 3.80), 11th graders (OR 3.21), monthly income of 434 USD or less (OR 2.69), training for the use of tools/devices (OR 1.96) and the number of risks defined specifically for the department (OR 1.11) were associated with the student's PPE use. Among the participating students, 430 (24.7%) were injured within the past year. In the binary logistic regression model, 10th graders (OR 1.85), 11th graders (OR 2.26), the weekly practical training hours (OR 0.96) and household population (OR 1.10) were associated with the students’ injuries. Conclusion: In vocational and technical high schools, training on the use of devices and tools, defining the risks and structured trainings on the use of PPE must be considered to protect the students. © 2017, Nobelmedicus. All rights reserved

Safe and effective sedation and analgesia for bone marrow aspiration procedures in children with alfentanil, remifentanil and combinations with midazolam

PubMedID: 15725319Background: Invasive procedures such as bone marrow aspiration in children may be painful and cause anxiety. We investigated the efficacy and safety of remifentanil (R) alfentanil (A), remifentanil-midazolam (RM), and alfentanil-midazolam (AM) combinations in providing analgesia and sedation for bone marrow aspiration. Methods: Eighty children undergoing a diagnostic bone marrow aspiration whose ages ranged from 5-16 years (mean 9.20 ± 3.00 years) were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatment groups. Vital signs, sedation and pain scores, somatic responses (sweating and tears) were recorded before, during bone marrow aspiration and after 5 and 15 min of the procedure. Results: There were no statistical differences between sedation and the CHEOPS scores of the four groups during and after the procedures. The VAS scores were significantly higher for group A compared with groups R and RM during the procedure (P 0.008). There were also no statistical differences among the VAS scores of four groups after the procedure (P > 0.008). All patients had adequate sedation and analgesia. None of the patients in the study had deep sedation, hypotension, bradycardia, hypoxemia, or respiratory depression. Conclusions: Remifentanil, alfentanil, remifentanil-midazolam, and alfentanil-midazolam combinations are effective in children and can be used safely in bone marrow aspiration which is a brief but painful procedure performed in the pediatric patient group. © 2004 Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Financial Literacy and Financial Risk Tolerance of Individual Investors: Multinomial Logistic Regression Approach

Financial risk tolerance is one of the important factors affecting the financial investment decisions of individuals and institutional investors and a crucial factor of financial planning and financial counseling. It is therefore necessary to determine the major determinants of risk tolerance. In this article, we researched the impact of financial literacy level and demographic characteristics on the financial risk tolerance of the individuals in the sample of Usak University staff, using a multinomial logistic regression analysis and retrieving data through the questionnaire method. Multinomial logistic regression is an extension of binary logistic regression, allowing for three or more categories of the dependent variable. The findings of the empirical analysis reveal that financial literacy and demographic characteristics of age, gender, education, and income levels are significant determinants of financial risk tolerance. In this regard, the improvements in the financial literacy of the individuals through various education programs will probably raise the demand of financial products with different risk characteristics and in turn contribute to the development of financial sector

The investigation of the natural immunity to hepatitis A virus in the 0-59 month-old children in the province of Doğankent-Adana

Bu çalışma ile kırsal kesimde yaşayan 0-59 aylık çocuklar arasında Hepatit A Virus (HAV)'una karşı kazanılmış doğal bağışıklık prevalansı ve etkileyen faktörlerin saptanması amaçlandı. Doğankent Sağlık Ocağı bölgesinde yaşayan 0-59 ay arasındaki sağlıklı çocuklar arasından yaşa göre tabakalı örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 150 çocuk araştırmaya alındı. Grup %53.3 erkek, %46.7 kız çocuklardan oluşmaktaydı. Anti-HAV total antikor pozitifliği %32.0 olarak bulundu. Cinsiyete göre seropozitiflik yönünden fark bulunmadı. Buna karşılık, 24 aylık ve altı yaş grubunda olan çocuklarda seropozitiflik %15.3, 24-47 aylık çocuklar arasında %31.5 ve 48-59 aylık çocuklar arasında %83.3 olarak bulundu. Yaş arttıkça ve annenin eğitim düzeyi düştükçe seropozitiflik oranı artmaktadır.This study was planned to determine the level of natural immune response to Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) and establish the factors contributing to the response among healthy children (0-59 months old) A hundred fifty children are included in the study by age depended sampling method among 0-59 month-old healthy children from the Doğankent Province of Adana. The study group consisted of 53.3% boys and 46.7% girls. The overall positivity rate of anti-HAV total antibodies was found to be 32.0%. There was no statistically significant difference between genders. However, the seropositivity rate increased with age: 15.3% under 24 month, 31.5% in 24-47 month and 48-59 month old children. The seropositivity rate directly increased with age and inversibly with the mother's level of education

National thalassemia Prevention campaign: The talotir project [Ulusal Talasemi önleme Kampanyasi: Talotir Projesi]

[No abstract available