'Hollow from the start'? Professional associations and the professionalisation of tourism

Occupations as diverse as nursing, journalism and marketing have strengthened their claim to professional status and current research suggests that professional associations played a critical part in the process of professionalisation. Following a review of three conceptual approaches to understanding contemporary professionalisation strategies, this paper examines the case of British tourism. It traces the historical development and assesses the current practice of the two main professional associations in the sector. The analysis shows that the ‘professionalisation project’ has largely failed and argues that contemporary frameworks for understanding professionalisation strategies are somewhat deficient when applied to tourism

Cutaneos larva migrans in travelers

The symptoms, medical history, and treatment of 98 patients with cutaneous larva migrans (creeping eruption) who attended a travel-related-disease clinic during a period of 4 years are reviewed. This condition is caused by skin-penetrating larvae of nematodes, mainly of the hookworm Ancylostoma braziliense and other nematodes of the family Ancylostomidae. Despite the ubiquitous distribution of these nematodes, in the investigated group only travelers to tropical and subtropical countries were affected; 28.9% of the patients had symptoms for > 1 month, and for 24.5% the probable incubation period was > 2 weeks. The efflorescences typically were on the lower extremities (73.4% of all locations). The buttocks and anogenital region were affected in 12.6% of all locations, and the trunk and upper extremities each were affected in 7.1%. Only a minority of patients presented with eosinophilia or an elevated serum level of IgE. No other laboratory data appeared to be related to the disease. Therapy with topical thiabendazole was successful for 98% of the patients. Systemic antihelmintic therapy was necessary in two cases because of disseminated, extensive infection

The Formation of the First Galaxies

The primary concern of this thesis is to understand the formation and properties of the first galaxies, as well as the influence of the first stars in terms of radiative, mechanical and chemical feedback. In particular, we elucidate the role of turbulence, ionizing radiation by massive Population III stars, mechanical feedback by highly energetic supernovae, and chemical enrichment. In light of the next generation of ground- and space based telescopes, we derive their observational signature in terms of recombination radiation, bremsstrahlung and 21 cm emission. We find that the cumulative 21 cm signal of the first H II regions will likely be observable by the planned SKA, while the recombination radiation from the first starbursts might be observable by JWST. These probes are essential to test the theoretical framework of the first stars and galaxies and shed some light on this elusive period of cosmic history.Comment: Ph. D. Thesis, University of Heidelberg, 2009, 212 pages, 55 figures, pdf available at http://www.ita.uni-heidelberg.de/~tgreif/thesis.shtml?lang=e

Field Evaluation of Trap Components for the Introduced Pine Sawfly, \u3ci\u3eDiprion Similis\u3c/i\u3e (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)

Three sizes of the Conrel Delta trap, a yellow cardboard tube trap, and the Pherocon II standard trap generally used in detection surveys were evaluated. Tests were run for 41 days in the summer of 1980 and 35 days in the spring of 1981. The lure in all traps was the standard 38-cm cotton dental roll charged with 10 female equivalents of crude virgin female pheromone extract. In 1980, all test traps outperformed the standard Pherocon II model. In 1981, the Pherocon II traps captured more males than any of the others. The catch in the Delta traps appeared to be Toughly proportional to their size. An additional test in 1981 evaluated three types of cigarette filters compared with the dental roll as the pheromone dispenser. After 79 days, the cigarette filter-baited traps were still capturing sawflies whereas the traps baited with the dental rolls stopped catching males after 51 days

Mass and Mission: Enacting God\u27s Mission in the Christian Assembly Today

(Excerpt) I doubt that I need to underscore the ferment surrounding the matters that are the theme of this year\u27s Institute: worship and mission. The practice of worship in our congregations has become fragmented by multiple and competing proposals for what should happen when we gather. As a teacher of worship, the questions and discussions I encounter day by day reveal a general distrust of conventional liturgical practice and a genuine hunger for something-anything-that will engage and enliven people at worship in our time and place. There is no simple and direct approach to matters of worship-this is what we do, this is where it comes from, this is what is means, this is how to do it-with people lining up to receive authoritative pronouncements. There is real engagement with fundamental questions and a willingness to consider the value of our historic liturgical inheritance, but there is less and less common practice or shared experience of worship to draw on and little consensus about which direction to head

The Three Lives of the Alien Tort Statute: The Evolving Role of the Judiciary in U.S. Foreign Relations

This Article explains how the Alien Tort Statute (ATS) began in the late eighteenth century as a national security statute that the First Congress and early federal district judges saw as a way to afford damages remedies to British merchants, creditors, and other subjects whose persons or property were injured under circumstances in which treaties or the law of nations assigned responsibility to the United States. Torts committed within the United States by private American citizens were the most likely such circumstances. The ultimate aims of the statute were to avoid renewed war with Great Britain and the other European powers and to encourage commerce and trade with the same. Two centuries later, the ATS was reborn as an international human rights statute at a time when the United States had become a global superpower with a global human-rights agenda during the administration of President Jimmy Carter. Now that the Supreme Court\u27s holding in Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co. has undermined the international human rights vision of the ATS, this Article suggests that the statute be used once again as a way to afford aliens money damages when they suffer torts under circumstances where the United States bears sovereign responsibility under contemporaneous international law

Electronic motor control system Patent

Electronic circuit system for controlling electric motor spee