Water Condition of Tajwid Lake in the Langgam District, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province

Tajwid Lake is an oxbow lakes that located in the Langgam District, Pelalawan Regency,Riau Province. The potency of the Tajwid Lake is currently under reviewed by the governmentof Pelalawan as it will be developed into a tourist destination. Water quality in the lake Tajwidmight be changed as a result of human activities conducted around the lake. A study aims toprovide basic information on water quality and determine the trophic status of the lake wasconducted in February 2016. There are three stations (Station 1, Station 2 and Station 3) and thewater was sampled from three depths, surface, middle and the bottom of the lake. The samplingswere conducted 3 times, once / week. The water quality parameters measured were depth,transparency, temperature, pH, free CO2-, DO, Nitrate and Phosphate concentration. Resultsshown that the depth of the lake was ranged from 6.3 to 12.3 m, transparency 51.3- 69 cm,temperature 27.7-30.3 °C, pH 5, dissolved oxygen 2.3-8.3 mg / L. Free carbon dioxide ranged4.9-13.9 mg / L, nitrate 0.02- 0.11 mg / L, phosphate from 0.02 to 0.1 mg /L. The Nitrate andphosphate concentrations indicate that the condition of the Tajwid Lake is between oligotrophicto mesotrophic

Performance of symbol timing recovery, frame synchronization and equalization for continuous -phase modulation using limiter -discriminator detection

Continuous-phase modulation (CPM) is a nonlinear modulation that has a good performance in error probability and bandwidth efficiency. CPM signals also have constant envelope which makes the use of very efficient, but nonlinear power amplifiers attractive. The applications of CPM have been limited to simple schemes such as binary, full response schemes, due to complexity in implementing the optimum coherent receiver which is followed by a maximum likelihood sequence estimator (MLSE). The implementation complexity comes from the number of states needed to describe a CPM signal using a multilevel, partial response scheme. Consequently, the computation of the demodulator metrics requires a large number of filter banks. An alternative to a coherent receiver is a non coherent receiver, such as the limiter-discriminator detector (LDD) which is followed by a symbol-by-symbol demodulator, which is simpler to implement even though its performance is not as good as that of the coherent receiver. This research investigates the problems in estimating the synchronization parameters, in particular the symbol timing recovery and the frame synchronization in a CPM system that uses the LDD. Since the output of the LDD resembles a pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) signal, we propose synchronization algorithms designed for such linear modulation schemes (PAM, QAM, etc) to be applied to the LDD system. However, these algorithms were designed with an assumption that the noise process at the input of the synchronizer has a Gaussian distribution, while the noise process at the output of the LDD does not have a Gaussian distribution. Furthermore, the noise component and the signal component might be correlated. We analyze the performance of these synchronization algorithms when applied to the LDD system and compare their performance to the CPM synchronization algorithms. Another topic that is also investigated is an application of an equalizer after the LDD to perform a symbol-by-symbol demodulation. The equalizer tap coefficients are designed assuming that the transmitted symbols and the noise samples at its input are white and are statistically independent of each other, even though in practice that might not be the case. The performance of a T/2 fractionally-spaced equalizer (FSE) and a symbol-spaced equalizer (SSE) have been analyzed as the parameters of the CPM signal are varied

Gambaran Patologi Anatomi pada Babi Landrace Suspect African Swine Fever (Asf) di Kabupaten Kupang

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a viral disease that attacks pigs and to date has caused many pig deaths in Kupang Regency. ASF is caused by a double-stranded DNA virus from the Asfivirus genus and the Asfarviridae family. This research aims to determine the anatomical pathology of the swine landrace suspect ASF. Organ samples were collected from two male landrace pigs and two female landrace pigs, aged 7 months, from Oeltuah Village, Taebenu District and Tarus Village, Central Kupang District, Kupang Regency, NTT. Clinical examinations were carried out on sick animals that were found during the investigation, then necropsied on the dead animals were carried out and continued with anatomical pathology examinations at the Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nusa Cendana University. Anatomical pathology examinations are carried out by observing changes in the structure and appearance of the organs. The necropsy results showed sub-cutaneous ecchymosis hemorrhage in the abdomen, limbs and ears, gastric, intestinal and hepatic hemorrhage, hemorrhagic lymphadenitis in mesenteric lymph nodes, hyperemic splenomegaly, pteckie hemorrhage in the renal capsule,, multifocal hemorrhage in the renal medulla and pulmonary lobe. Based on the observation of clinical symptoms and changes in anatomical pathology, it can be concluded that the death of pigs was suspected to be caused by the suspect ASF