1,571 research outputs found
Evidence for bone grease rendering during the Upper Paleolithic at Vale Boi (Algarve, Portugal)
Smokeless tobacco - a substantial risk for oral potentially malignant disorders in South Asia
Data sources:
Medline, the Science Citation Index (SCI) via Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, Global Index Medicus, Google Scholar and SLT-related reports of the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the National Cancer Institute of the United States.
Study selection:
Observational studies on the use of SLT and the risk of developing OPMDs in South Asian Populations.
Data extraction and synthesis:
Duplicate selection of studies was undertaken with two reviewers undertaking data abstraction and quality assessment independently. Risk and odds ratios were extracted or calculated for studies where possible. Meta odds ratios (mOR) were calculated using a random effects analysis.
Results:
Fifteen papers reporting 18 studies were included. The majority (12) were from India. All the studies were case-control designs. MOR for any OPMD with the use of any SLT product was 15.5 (95% CI; 9.9–24.2). Risk was higher in women; mOR = 22.2 (95% CI, 9.1–54.1) than men; mOR = 8.7 (95% CI, 2.1–34.8). Betel quid with tobacco carried the highest risk for OPMD, mOR = 16.1 (95% CI, 7.8–33.5).
Conclusions:
The findings of our study point towards a strong association between some forms of OPMDs and SLT use in South Asia. The risk estimates are high, irrespective of controlling for confounders such as smoking and alcohol or stratification by sex, country or source of controls. There is also an exposure-response relationship between OPMDs and SLT use
Predictors of coronary artery disease in patients with left bundle branch block who undergo myocardial perfusion imaging
Background: Due to difficulties in diagnosing coronary ischemia in patients with left bundle
branch block (LBBB), identifying clinical characteristics that might help to predict coronary
artery disease (CAD) is important. Our study aimed to identify clinical predictors of CAD
among patients with and without LBBB who undergo myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI).
Methods: All patients with LBBB who underwent MPI (LBBB group) from June 2005 to
February 2007 were compared with patients with normal baseline electrocardiography who
underwent treadmill MPI (non-LBBB group) during the same period.
Results: LBBB patients with CAD were younger and had lower ejection fraction (EF) compared
to LBBB patients without CAD. Similarly non-LBBB patients with CAD had lower EF,
but did not differ significantly in age compared to non-LBBB patients without CAD. Regression
analysis among patients with LBBB showed that EF < 55% was the most significant
predictor of CAD, after controlling for other factors. A regression analysis in non-LBBB
patients showed that male gender and EF £ 55% were significant predictors of CAD.
A regression analysis conducted in the combined data of both LBBB and non-LBBB groups
showed male gender, EF £ 55% and LBBB to be the most significant predictors of CAD.
Conclusions: Patients with LBBB have a high probability of CAD based on MPI findings.
Patients with LBBB and reduced EF have a much higher likelihood of CAD compared to
patients without LBBB and normal EF. Further studies on early invasive approach in patients
with LBBB and reduced EF seem warranted
A certain class of Laplace transforms with applications to reaction and reaction-diffusion equations
A class of Laplace transforms is examined to show that particular cases of
this class are associated with production-destruction and reaction-diffusion
problems in physics, study of differences of independently distributed random
variables and the concept of Laplacianness in statistics, alpha-Laplace and
Mittag-Leffler stochastic processes, the concepts of infinite divisibility and
geometric infinite divisibility problems in probability theory and certain
fractional integrals and fractional derivatives. A number of applications are
pointed out with special reference to solutions of fractional reaction and
reaction-diffusion equations and their generalizations.Comment: LaTeX, 12 pages, corrected typo
Effects of phospholipids and ADP-ribosylation on GTP hydrolysis by Escherichia coli-synthesized Ha-ras-encoded p21.
Class of self-limiting growth models in the presence of nonlinear diffusion
The source term in a reaction-diffusion system, in general, does not involve
explicit time dependence. A class of self-limiting growth models dealing with
animal and tumor growth and bacterial population in a culture, on the other
hand are described by kinetics with explicit functions of time. We analyze a
reaction-diffusion system to study the propagation of spatial front for these
models.Comment: RevTex, 13 pages, 5 figures. To appear in Physical Review
Parental stress before, during, and after pediatric stem cell transplantation: a review article
Goals of work: Pediatric stem cell transplantation (SCT) is a stressful treatment for children with relapsed or high-risk malignancies, immune deficiencies and certain blood diseases. Parents of children undergoing SCT can experience ongoing stress related to the SCT period. The aim of this article was to present a literature review of articles on parental distress and adaptation before, during, and after SCT and to identify risk and protective factors. Materials and methods: The review was conducted systematically by using PubMed, Web of Science, PsychInfo, and Picarta databases. Eighteen articles met our inclusion criteria: publishing date between January 1, 1990 and January 1, 2009; studies concerning parents of children undergoing SCT; studies examining the psychological adjustment and/or stress reactions of parents as primary outcomes and studies available in English. Main results: Highest levels of parental stress are reported in the period preceding SCT and during the acute phase. Stress levels decrease steadily after discharge in most parents. However, in a subgroup of parents, stress levels still remain elevated post-SCT. Parents most at risk in the longer term display highest levels of stress during the acute phase of the SCT. Conclusions: Psychosocial assessment before SCT, during the acute phase and in the longer term, is necessary to identify parents in need for support and follow-up care
Reaction-diffusion systems and nonlinear waves
The authors investigate the solution of a nonlinear reaction-diffusion
equation connected with nonlinear waves. The equation discussed is more general
than the one discussed recently by Manne, Hurd, and Kenkre (2000). The results
are presented in a compact and elegant form in terms of Mittag-Leffler
functions and generalized Mittag-Leffler functions, which are suitable for
numerical computation. The importance of the derived results lies in the fact
that numerous results on fractional reaction, fractional diffusion, anomalous
diffusion problems, and fractional telegraph equations scattered in the
literature can be derived, as special cases, of the results investigated in
this article.Comment: LaTeX, 16 pages, corrected typo
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