Study of the Regeneration Cleaning of Used Mineral Oils – Ecotoxicological Properties and Biodegradation

The aim of the study was to establish and compare the model of the biodegradability and ecotoxicological properties of oil samples in aqueous environment.The unused new mineral oil Turbinol and used (after 1 year of usage) recovered oil Turbinol purified by the electrostatical method were the tested samples. For the determination of the ecotoxicological properties, the test organisms used were seeds of Sinapis alba L. and the small aquatic crustaceans Daphnia magna. Preliminary tests were positive and determined the acute toxicity with the values of IC50 and EC50. Biodegradability was determined by the manometric method, in tests which lasted 28 days. Tests of toxicity were positive, and the samples were found to be hard to biodegrade. Determination of the oil composition by gas chromatography with mass detection (GC – MS); found that the composition of the electrostatically cleaned oil is comparable to the new oil, which is confirmed by the results obtained with the response inhibition in selected tests. Regeneration extends the oil life, reducing the cost of disposal of waste oils, saving fossil raw materials, thus belonging to the environmentally friendly techniques. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Assessment of ecotoxicological properties of oils in water

The paper deals with the influence of oils on surface water pollution. Two mineral oils of petroleum origin, one synthetic oil and one vegetable oil were tested. Properties of the selected oil types were assessed by ecotoxicological tests. The acute toxicity test on Daphnia magna showed that out of the tested oils the most toxic for these aquatic organisms were the petroleum oils. In the phytotoxicity test on Sinapis alba, the toxic effect of mineral oils in comparison with synthetic and vegetable oil was more significant. Oils create oil stains visible under the microscope. It was difficult to differentiate them from Scenedesmus subspicatus. The calculation of growth rate was not relevant and a significant loss of cells was detected. It follows from the summary of the tests results that vegetable oil is the least aggressive for the aquatic environment and there are no significant differences between synthetic and mineral oils

Hyperlipoproteinemia Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation

Summary Atherogenic lipoproteins can cause endothelial dysfunction in the initial stage of atherogenesis. In our study we examined 134 patients with defined hyperlipoproteinemia (non-HDL cholesterol > 4.1 mmol/l or triglycerides > 2.5 mmol/l or taking any of lipid lowering drugs) -94 men and 40 women. The subgroup of controls of comparable age contained 54 normolipidemic individuals -30 men and 24 women. Patients with hyperlipoproteinemia revealed significantly lower ability of endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation (EDV) measured on brachial artery (4.13±3.07 vs. 5.41±3.82 %; p=0.032) and higher carotid intima media thickness than normolipidemic controls (0.68±0.22 vs. 0.58±0.15 mm; p=0.005). In regression analysis, EDV correlated significantly with plasma concentrations of oxLDL (p<0.05) HDL-cholesterol (p<0.05), Apo A1 (p<0.05), ATI (p<0.01) and non-HDL cholesterol (p<0.05). Patients with hyperlipoproteinemia showed higher plasma levels of oxLDL (65.77±9.54 vs. 56.49±7.80 U/l; p=0.015), malondialdehyde (0.89±0.09 vs. 0.73±0.08 µmol/l; p=0.010) and nitrites/nitrates (20.42±4.88 vs. 16.37±4.44 µmol/l; p=0.018) indicating possible higher long-term oxidative stress in these patients