Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017

A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0% (55.5 (44.8–67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric assay for therapeutic drug monitoring of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor pazopanib in human plasma

Contains fulltext : 108522.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)A quantitative bioanalytical liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric assay for the tyrosine kinase inhibitor pazopanib was developed and validated. Plasma samples were pre-treated using protein precipitation with acetonitrile containing pazopanib-d(4) as internal standard. The extract was injected into the chromatographic system after dilution with water (1:9, v/v). The system consisted of a sub-2mum particle, trifunctional bonded octadecyl silica column with isocratic elution using 0.005% (v/v) of formic acid in a mixture of water (76%, v/v) and acetonitrile (24%, v/v). The analyte was quantified using the selected reaction monitoring mode of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with a heated electrospray interface. The assay was validated in a 0.1-100mug/ml calibration range. Within day precisions were 3.6-5.2%, between day precisions 4.0-8.3% and accuracies between 106% and 113% for the whole calibration range. The drug was sufficiently stable under all relevant analytical conditions. The assay has successfully been used to assess drug levels for therapeutic drug monitoring in patients treated with pazopanib

MAPPING LOCAL PATTERNS OF CHILDHOOD OVERWEIGHT AND WASTING IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES BETWEEN 2000 AND 2017

A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0% (55.5 (44.8–67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic