Development of Students 'Sheet Activities Through Inquiry Models in Various Themes of Class IV Students' Basic Schools

This study aims to develop student worksheets, and to know the effectiveness of thematic based LKS through Inquiry model for fourth grade students of Elementary School I Pinang Jaya. This type of research is research and development (R & D) which refers to Borg & Gall's theory. The study population was all grade IV students of SDN Sekampung Gugus Ahmad Yani District and a sample of 54 students obtained by multistage random sampling technique were grade IV students of SDN I Klopo Mulyo. Data collection techniques use learning and observation tests. Data analysis technique is done through quantitative analysis for product development that is effectiveness test used N-gain and t test. The results of this study indicate that the developed LKS feasible to be used and effective through experts from material experts and media experts in improving student learning outcomes. Keywords: student, student worksheet, inquiry, learning result. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-8-10 Publication date:March 31st 202

Theoretical Study on Superconductivity in Boron-Doped Diamond

We consider superconductivity in boron (B) doped diamond using a simplified model for the valence band of diamond. We treat the effects of substitutional disorder of B ions by the coherent potential approximation (CPA) and those of the attractive force between holes by the ladder approximation under the assumption of instantaneous interaction with the Debye cutoff. We thereby calculate the quasiparticle life time, the evolution of the single-particle spectra due to doping, and the effect of disorder on the superconducting critical temperature $T_c$. We in particular compare our results with those for supercell calculations to see the role of disorder, which turns out to be of crucial importance to $T_c$.Comment: 9 pages, 13 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., Errors in embedded eps figure files have been correcte

Fast Algorithm for Finding the Eigenvalue Distribution of Very Large Matrices

A theoretical analysis is given of the equation of motion method, due to Alben et al., to compute the eigenvalue distribution (density of states) of very large matrices. The salient feature of this method is that for matrices of the kind encountered in quantum physics the memory and CPU requirements of this method scale linearly with the dimension of the matrix. We derive a rigorous estimate of the statistical error, supporting earlier observations that the computational efficiency of this approach increases with matrix size. We use this method and an imaginary-time version of it to compute the energy and the specific heat of three different, exactly solvable, spin-1/2 models and compare with the exact results to study the dependence of the statistical errors on sample and matrix size.Comment: 24 pages, 24 figure

Structural, electronic, and dynamical properties of amorphous gallium arsenide: a comparison between two topological models

We present a detailed study of the effect of local chemical ordering on the structural, electronic, and dynamical properties of amorphous gallium arsenide. Using the recently-proposed ``activation-relaxation technique'' and empirical potentials, we have constructed two 216-atom tetrahedral continuous random networks with different topological properties, which were further relaxed using tight-binding molecular dynamics. The first network corresponds to the traditional, amorphous, Polk-type, network, randomly decorated with Ga and As atoms. The second is an amorphous structure with a minimum of wrong (homopolar) bonds, and therefore a minimum of odd-membered atomic rings, and thus corresponds to the Connell-Temkin model. By comparing the structural, electronic, and dynamical properties of these two models, we show that the Connell-Temkin network is energetically favored over Polk, but that most properties are little affected by the differences in topology. We conclude that most indirect experimental evidence for the presence (or absence) of wrong bonds is much weaker than previously believed and that only direct structural measurements, i.e., of such quantities as partial radial distribution functions, can provide quantitative information on these defects in a-GaAs.Comment: 10 pages, 7 ps figures with eps

Collapse and folding of pressurized rings in two dimensions

Hydrostatically pressurized circular rings confined to two dimensions (or cylinders constrained to have only z-independent deformations) undergo Euler type buckling when the outside pressure exceeds a critical value. We perform a stability analysis of rings with arc-length dependent bending moduli and determine how weakened bending modulus segments affect the buckling critical pressure. Rings with a 4-fold symmetric modulation are particularly susceptible to collapse. In addition we study the initial post-buckling stages of the pressurized rings to determine possible ring folding patterns

Theory of Banana Liquid Crystal Phases and Phase Transitions

We study phases and phase transitions that can take place in the newly discovered banana (bow-shaped or bent-core) liquid crystal molecules. We show that to completely characterize phases exhibited by such bent-core molecules a third-rank tensor $T^{ijk}$ order parameter is necessary in addition to the vector and the nematic (second-rank) tensor order parameters. We present an exhaustive list of possible liquid phases, characterizing them by their space-symmetry group and order parameters, and catalog the universality classes of the corresponding phase transitions that we expect to take place in such bent-core molecular liquid crystals. In addition to the conventional liquid-crystal phases such as the nematic phase, we predict the existence of novel liquid phases, including the spontaneously chiral nematic $(N_T + 2)^*$ and chiral polar $(V_T + 2)^*$ phases, the orientationally-ordered but optically isotropic tetrahedratic $T$ phase, and a novel nematic $N_T$ phase with $D_{2d}$ symmetry that is neither uniaxial nor biaxial. Interestingly, the Isotropic-Tetrahedratic transition is {\em continuous} in mean-field theory, but is likely driven first-order by thermal fluctuations. We conclude with a discussion of smectic analogs of these phases and their experimental signatures.Comment: 28 pgs. RevTex, 32 eps figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Designing electronic collaborative learning environments

Electronic collaborative learning environments for learning and working are in vogue. Designers design them according to their own constructivist interpretations of what collaborative learning is and what it should achieve. Educators employ them with different educational approaches and in diverse situations to achieve different ends. Students use them, sometimes very enthusiastically, but often in a perfunctory way. Finally, researchers study them and—as is usually the case when apples and oranges are compared—find no conclusive evidence as to whether or not they work, where they do or do not work, when they do or do not work and, most importantly, why, they do or do not work. This contribution presents an affordance framework for such collaborative learning environments; an interaction design procedure for designing, developing, and implementing them; and an educational affordance approach to the use of tasks in those environments. It also presents the results of three projects dealing with these three issues