116 research outputs found

    Document Ranking for Systematic Reviews in Medicine

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    Masteroppgave i informatikkINF399MAMN-PROGMAMN-IN

    Effekt av SiO2 nanopartikler og Kvarts mikropartikler pÄ den nylig formulerte geopolymeren: Eksperimentelle og modelleringsstudier

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    I olje- og gassindustrien brukes sement som en brĂžnnbarrierekomponent. Studier av brĂžnnintegritet pĂ„ produksjons- og injeksjonsbrĂžnner i NordsjĂžen har vist at omtrent 11% av integritetsfeilene er relatert til sement. Dette er en indikasjon pĂ„ at sementen i oljebrĂžnnen ikke fungerer uten feil, og derfor ikke oppfyller kravene i NORSOK D-10 standarden. I de siste Ă„rene har petroleumindustrien sĂžkt etter alternative materialer for plugging og forlatelse av brĂžnner. Geopolymer er en av kandidatene som vurderes, og den er for tiden under forskningsfasen. FĂžr bruk, mĂ„ geopolymere fĂžrst kvalifiseres som en barrierekomponent. I denne avhandlingen ble en ny geopolymer formulert, og effekten av SiO2 og kvartsmikropartikler er ogsĂ„ blitt undersĂžkt. De mekaniske, reologiske og fluidlekkasjeeigenskapene er blitt sammenlignet med de konvensjonelle egenskapene til ren Portland G-klasse sement (OPC) etter 10 dager med herding (62ÂșC). Resultatene viste at: ‱ Nyformulert geopolymer forbedret uniaxial trykkstyrke og mindre fluidabsorpsjon sammenlignet med OPC. ‱ Mindre endringer med tilsetning av kvarts og SiO2 sammenlignet med den rene geopolymereferansen. Disse resultatene er gyldige for de vurderte herdebetingelsene som tid, temperatur og trykk. Derfor kan endring av en eller flere av disse oppnĂ„ forskjellige resultater.In the oil and gas industry cement is used as a well barrier element. Well integrity studies on the North Sea production and injection wells have shown that about 11% of integrity failures are related to cement. This is an indication that the oil well cement does not function without failure and hence does not satisfy the NORSOK D-10 standard requirements. In recent years, the petroleum industry is searching for alternative materials for plug and abandonment operations. Among others, geopolymer is one of the candidates and it is currently under research phase. Before its application, geopolymers first should be qualified as a barrier element. In this thesis, a new geopolymer was formulated and the impact of SiO2 and quartz microparticles have also been investigated. The mechanical, rheological, and fluid leakage properties have been compared with the conventional properties of neat Portland G-class cement (OPC) after 10 days of curing (62ÂșC). Results showed that: ‱ Newly formulated geopolymer improved uniaxial compressive strength and less fluid absorption compared to OPC. ‱ Minor changes with the addition of quartz and SiO2 compared to the neat geopolymer reference. These results are valid for the considered curing conditions like time, temperature, and pressure. Therefore, changing one or more of these may achieve different results

    Norwegian Vg1 English teachers’ and students’ beliefs concerning digital competence and the use of digital tools in ESL learning, and teachers reported practices regarding the use of digital tools to promote language learning.

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    The current thesis aimed to explore Norwegian upper secondary school teachers’ and students’ beliefs concerning the use of digital tools and ESL learning. In addition, it aimed to investigate which digital tools Vg1 ESL teachers report that they use to promote English learning and why. The study investigated the teachers’ reported practices when it comes to digital tools and why they use them. Finally, the current thesis aimed to investigate what the concept digital competence means for both teachers and students. To gather the data, the study employed a mixed methods research design, including teacher interviews and a student questionnaire. Four Vg1 English teachers from two separate Norwegian upper secondary schools were interviewed to investigate teachers’ beliefs and their reported practices concerning the use of digital tools to promote ESL learning. In addition, four Vg1 classes from two separate schools participated in a questionnaire in order to gain a perspective of the students’ beliefs. In total, 121 students responded to the questionnaire. The findings demonstrated overall positive beliefs concerning the use of digital tools in ESL learning from both teachers’ and learners’ perspectives. Both the teachers and the students reported that digital tools are useful within the English subject. While some teachers reported that they primarily use digital tools to visualize, other teachers reported that they use digital tools as primary sources to create varied lessons and to find authentic teaching material suited to the students’ level and interests. Although the study found overall positive beliefs, some challenges with the use of digital tools and ESL learning were also addressed by the teachers and the learners. The main reported challenges are the distractions that come with the use of digital tools. The present study contributes within the field of L2 English to gain a better understanding of teachers’ and students’ beliefs concerning the use of digital tools in ESL learning. It contributes to this growing field by exploring it from both the teachers’ and the students’ perspectives. Further, the current study investigates how teachers’ beliefs are reflected in their reported practices. Furthermore, it aims to get an overview of which digital tools the teachers report that they use and why. Finally, the present study contributes by exploring what the concept digital competence in LK20 means for teachers and learners. The main teaching implications proposed by the findings of the current study concerns how digital tools are being used in ESL learning. The use of digital tools can increase the students’ motivation to learn. Hence, digital tools should be used in order to promote ESL learning. The students reported that they learn English by playing digital games and by using social media. These activities could be used within the English subject as teachers are free to choose teaching methods as long as it is in line with the curriculum. Further studies are recommended in order to gain more knowledge about this important topic. Moreover, LK20 was recently implemented, meaning that there is a low amount of knowledge about how teachers and learners alike interpret key digital concepts in the curriculum. Thus, further studies could investigate how both teachers and students interpret other key digital concepts in LK20

    What are the expected impacts on stakeholders in the Norwegian commercial real estate asset and capital market following the EU Taxonomy?

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    By studying the impact of current and future environmental requirements set forth by the European Union and concretized by means of the EU Taxonomy, this report has found important milestones in 2027, 2030 and 2050 where financial regulations for the commercial real estate industry will come into effect in the EU. Combining document analysis and interviewing in-depth 12 different stakeholders in the industry, the study has seeked to get an understanding of the preparedness and willingness to change into more sustainable activities among the Norwegian market participants, as well as what the actual consequences will be. The results are heavily dependent on the Norwegian government, playing a pivotal role in setting the stage for the many players operating inside and outside of the national borders, and by deciding how to interact with EU rules and regulations through the EEA agreement. For the market participants where “you become green when it pays off to become green”, it appears as big stick diplomacy will be required by politicians, leveraging the power of regulations and potentially shaking up entire financial ecosystems in the quest to combat climate change. Complying fully and promptly with the EU directives and only providing loans to truly green assets, will enable a swift transition to a sustainable society, benefitting from the truly impressive €1 trillion pool of funding committed by the European Commission. Contrary to initial assumptions on how differentiated interest levels would greatly benefit green buildings, the actual differences have currently proven to be insignificant with between 0,1 to 0,25% better rates. The real impact is being eligible for bank or bond loan at all, risking commercial real estates becoming de facto stranded assets.By studying the impact of current and future environmental requirements set forth by the European Union and concretized by means of the EU Taxonomy, this report has found important milestones in 2027, 2030 and 2050 where financial regulations for the commercial real estate industry will come into effect in the EU. Combining document analysis and interviewing in-depth 12 different stakeholders in the industry, the study has seeked to get an understanding of the preparedness and willingness to change into more sustainable activities among the Norwegian market participants, as well as what the actual consequences will be. The results are heavily dependent on the Norwegian government, playing a pivotal role in setting the stage for the many players operating inside and outside of the national borders, and by deciding how to interact with EU rules and regulations through the EEA agreement. For the market participants where “you become green when it pays off to become green”, it appears as big stick diplomacy will be required by politicians, leveraging the power of regulations and potentially shaking up entire financial ecosystems in the quest to combat climate change. Complying fully and promptly with the EU directives and only providing loans to truly green assets, will enable a swift transition to a sustainable society, benefitting from the truly impressive €1 trillion pool of funding committed by the European Commission. Contrary to initial assumptions on how differentiated interest levels would greatly benefit green buildings, the actual differences have currently proven to be insignificant with between 0,1 to 0,25% better rates. The real impact is being eligible for bank or bond loan at all, risking commercial real estates becoming de facto stranded assets

    What are the expected impacts on stakeholders in the Norwegian commercial real estate asset and capital market following the EU Taxonomy?

    Get PDF
    By studying the impact of current and future environmental requirements set forth by the European Union and concretized by means of the EU Taxonomy, this report has found important milestones in 2027, 2030 and 2050 where financial regulations for the commercial real estate industry will come into effect in the EU. Combining document analysis and interviewing in-depth 12 different stakeholders in the industry, the study has seeked to get an understanding of the preparedness and willingness to change into more sustainable activities among the Norwegian market participants, as well as what the actual consequences will be. The results are heavily dependent on the Norwegian government, playing a pivotal role in setting the stage for the many players operating inside and outside of the national borders, and by deciding how to interact with EU rules and regulations through the EEA agreement. For the market participants where “you become green when it pays off to become green”, it appears as big stick diplomacy will be required by politicians, leveraging the power of regulations and potentially shaking up entire financial ecosystems in the quest to combat climate change. Complying fully and promptly with the EU directives and only providing loans to truly green assets, will enable a swift transition to a sustainable society, benefitting from the truly impressive €1 trillion pool of funding committed by the European Commission. Contrary to initial assumptions on how differentiated interest levels would greatly benefit green buildings, the actual differences have currently proven to be insignificant with between 0,1 to 0,25% better rates. The real impact is being eligible for bank or bond loan at all, risking commercial real estates becoming de facto stranded assets

    Prisoners' perceived oral and general health and their experience with accessing, understanding and assessing health information: A qualitative study

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    Prisoners’ oral health and general health are closely connected and generally poorer than that of the wider population. Moreover, knowledge of prisoners’ health literacy is scarce. This study aimed to explore prisoners’ perceived oral and general health and how they accessed, understood and assessed health information to gain insight into their health literacy. Twelve prisoners in a high-security prison and a halfway house participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed through thematic analysis, which identified five themes: inconsistent self-reporting of general and oral health; autonomous health behaviour through utilizing personal resources; preference for personalized adapted health information; psychological and physical proximity; and barriers. The prisoners perceived their oral and general health as good despite several health problems. They expressed scepticism towards health information from public authorities and made their own health-related choices based on previous experiences, their own ‘common sense’ and the experiences of people they trusted. Health information was considered useful when adjusted to their needs. Obtaining health-related information through physical encounters was considered more accessible than through online platforms. Adapting the communication to prisoners’ expressed needs and their health literacy can enhance the accessibility to improve their oral and general health. In-person encounters would be preferable.publishedVersio

    Verdsettelse av VÄr Energi ASA: En fundamental analyse med sÊrlig fokus pÄ klimarelaterte faktorer

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    HovedformÄlet med denne masteroppgaven er Ä fastsette den iboende verdien av en aksje i VÄr Energi ASA per 31. desember 2023. Verdien er beregnet ved hjelp av diskonterte kontantstrÞmmodeller, supplert med risikojusteringer for klimarelaterte faktorer, samt multipler basert pÄ sammenlignbare selskaper. Basert pÄ en fundamental analyse anslÄs den iboende verdien av en aksje i VÄr Energi ASA til NOK 38 per 31. desember 2023. Estimatet er en forventningsverdi, beregnet ved Ä vekte resultater fra tre ulike verdsettelsesmetoder: NOK 38 ved diskontert kontantstrÞmmodell, NOK 34 ved risikojustert diskontert kontantstrÞmmodell og NOK 40 ved multippelberegninger. De tre metodene ble vektet med henholdsvis 50 %, 15 % og 35 % for Ä estimere det endelige verdiestimatet Etter sammenslÄingen med Neptune Energy Norge AS den 31. januar 2024 og ferdigstillelsen av utviklingsprosjektet mot slutten av samme Är, forventes VÄr Energi ASA Ä oppleve inntektsvekst frem til 2025. Deretter antas inntektene Ä stabilisere seg, fÞr selskapet oppnÄr en konstant vekstrate pÄ 2,5 % fra 2028 og fremover. Klimarelaterte risikoer, som redusert tildeling av lisenser til selskaper i petroleumsbransjen eller lavere etterspÞrsel etter petroleum til fordel for fornybare energikilder, kan imidlertid pÄvirke inntektene negativt i denne perioden. Selskapets avkastning pÄ investert kapital (ROIC) forventes Ä Þke til 18 % i 2025, fÞr den stabiliserer seg pÄ 13 % fra 2028 og utover. Den vektede gjennomsnittlige kapitalkostnaden (WACC) er prognostisert til Ä vÊre 9 %. Basert pÄ fremtidig ROIC og avkastningskrav, forventes det at selskapet vil vÊre verdiskapende i de kommende Ärene. Med utgangspunkt i den estimerte iboende verdien av en aksje i VÄr Energi ASA, gir vi en handelsanbefaling for potensielle investorer i VÄr Energi ASA. Med en margin pÄ +/- 10 % fra vÄrt verdiestimat, setter vi konfidensintervallet fra NOK 34 til NOK 42. Hvis aksjen handles under NOK 34, gir vi en kjÞpsanbefaling. Hvis aksjen handles over NOK 42, gir vi en salgsanbefaling. Hvis aksjeprisen ligger mellom NOK 34 og NOK 42, anbefaler vi Ä holde pÄ aksjene.The main objective of this master's thesis is to determine the true value of a share in VÄr Energi ASA as of December 31, 2023. The value is calculated using discounted cash flow models, supplemented with risk adjustments for climate-related factors, as well as multiples based on comparable companies. Based on a fundamental analysis, the true value of a share in VÄr Energi ASA is estimated to be NOK 38 as of December 31, 2023. This estimate is an expected value, calculated by weighting the results from three different valuation methods: NOK 38 using the discounted cash flow model, NOK 34 using the risk-adjusted discounted cash flow model, and NOK 40 using multiples. The three methods were weighted at 50%, 15%, and 35% respectively to arrive at the final value estimate. After the merger with Neptune Energy Norge AS on January 31, 2024, and the completion of the development project towards the end of the same year, VÄr Energi ASA is expected to experience revenue growth until 2025. Subsequently, revenues are anticipated to stabilize before the company achieves a constant growth rate of 2.5 % from 2028 onwards. Climate-related risks, such as reduced allocation of licenses to companies in the petroleum industry or lower demand for petroleum in favor of renewable energy sources, may, however, negatively impact revenues during this period. The company's return on invested capital (ROIC) is expected to increase to 18% in 2025, before stabilizing at 13% from 2028 onwards. The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is projected to be 9%. Based on future ROIC and required returns, the company is expected to be value-creating in the coming years. Based on the estimated true value of a share in VÄr Energi ASA, we provide the following investment recommendations for potential investors in VÄr Energi ASA. With a margin of +/- 10% from our value estimate, we set the confidence interval from NOK 34 to NOK 42. If the share trades below NOK 34, we issue a buy recommendation. If the share trades above NOK 42, we issue a sell recommendation. If the share price is between NOK 34 and NOK 42, we recommend holding the shares

    PÄ rett vei? Om statlig virkemiddelbruk pÄ det kommunale pÄ rus-og psykiatrifeltet

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    Forholdet mellom stat og kommune kan beskues ut fra mange stÄsted. VÄrt stÄsted har vÊrt kommunens, med fokus pÄ tjenestetilbud pÄ rus- og psykiatrifeltet. Siden 1990-tallet har staten gjennom lovgivning og annen virkemiddelbruk pÄlagt kommunene et stadig stÞrre ansvar for iverksettelse av nasjonal politikk pÄ helse og omsorgsfeltet. Rus- og psykiatrifeltet er imidlertid et tjenesteomrÄde som fort kan forsvinne i skyggen av stÞrre og mer «tyngende» kommunale helse- og omsorgsoppgaver. Rus- og psykiatrifeltet er et felt som kanskje heller ikke vekker det store engasjementet blant storparten av innbyggerne i kommunen. VÄr intensjon med denne masteravhandlingen er Ä sette fokus pÄ et lite og sÄrbart, men sÊrdeles viktig kommunalt ansvarsomrÄde. Rus- og psykiatrifeltet er et politikkomrÄde som periodevis har fÄtt stor oppmerksomhet fra sentrale myndigheter. Gjennom en nasjonal opptrappingsplan for psykiatrifeltet med Þremerkede tilskudd i perioden 1999-2008, bygde de fleste kommuner ut tjenestetilbud i trÄd med intensjonene. Psykiatriplanen ble sÄ etterfulgt av en opptrappingsplan for rusfeltet i perioden 2008-2012. Gjennom Þkte rammetilskudd og tilskuddsordninger Þnsket en fra nasjonalt hold Ä opprettholde og sikre en videre kommunal satsing pÄ rus- og psykiatrifeltet. I 2012 ble tilskuddsordningene lagt i det ordinÊre rammetilskuddet til kommunene, men i 2013 gjeninnfÞrte Regjeringen ordningen med tilskuddsordninger. En rekke evalueringer har imidlertid vist at det kommunale rus- og psykiatrifeltet ikke har fÄtt nevneverdige Þkte ressurser siden 2008. Dette til tross for at behovene for tjenester har vÊrt, og fortsatt er, Þkende. En ny opptrappingsplan er nÄ gjort gjeldende for perioden 2016-2020. Gjennom Þkte rammer og bruk av tilskuddsordninger vil staten stimulere og pÄvirke kommunene til videre innsats pÄ rus- og psykiatrifeltet, ikke minst i forhold til samhandling med andre kommunale instanser og med spesialisthelsetjenesten. Dette danner bakgrunnsteppet for tema i vÄr masteravhandling. Ut fra en kvalitativ tilnÊrming har vi gjennomfÞrt en komparativ case-studie i to kommuner. Gjennom dokumentstudier og intervjuer med ulike aktÞrerer, har vi sett pÄ hvordan statlige finansieringsordninger pÄvirker det kommunale handlingsrommet pÄ rus- og psykiatrifeltet. Vi har ogsÄ undersÞkt i hvilken grad annen statlig virkemiddelbruk, som lovgivning, rÄdgivning/veiledning og bruk av tilsyn og kontroll er egnede virkemidler for Ä iverksette politikken, og vil sÄledes forsÞke Ä besvare spÞrsmÄlet om hvilken virkemiddelbruk som er best egnet for Ä sikre at Þnsket nasjonal politikk pÄ rus- og psykiatrifeltet blir implementert pÄ kommunalt nivÄ. Studien vÄr tar hensyn til faktorer som brukertilfredshet/brukerorientering, kvalitative tjenestetilbud, effektivitet og kommunalt selvstyre. Vi finner at aktÞrer bÄde pÄ politisk, administrativt og tjenesteutÞvende nivÄ, stÞtter opp om de nasjonale mÄlsetningene for rus- og psykiatrifeltet. Funnene vÄre viser imidlertid at det er ulike meninger blant aktÞrene om hvilken statlig virkemiddelbruk, og hvilke finansieringsordninger som gir optimal tjenestelevering og stÞrst kommunalt handlingsrom pÄ rus- og psykiatrifeltet. VÄre funn tyder ogsÄ pÄ at statlige finansieringsordninger har liten betydning for hvordan tjenestetilbudene er organisert, men derimot har organiseringen stor betydning for Ä nÄ nasjonale mÄl om helhetlige og samordnede tjenestetilbud pÄ rus- og psykiatrifeltet

    Fysisk aktivitet og kognitive hjernefunksjoner. En litteraturstudie og spĂžrreundersĂžkelse

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    Innledning I denne oppgaven Þnsker vi bÄde Ä sÞke i litteraturen etter eksisterende forskning pÄ feltet omhandlende fysisk aktivitets pÄvirkning pÄ konsentrasjonsevne samt samle inn data, via en spÞrreundersÞkelse, fra studentene ved HÞyskolen Kristiania om deres subjektive opplevelse av dette, slik at vi kan sammenligne det med litteraturen. Problemstillinger Hvordan pÄvirker fysisk aktivitet studenters konsentrasjon og oppmerksomhet? Metode Det er brukt en litteraturstudie sammen med en kvantitativ spÞrreundersÞkelse for Ä besvare problemstillingen. Resultater Resultatene viser at forskningen pÄ feltet er begrenset nÄr det kommer til studenter som populasjon/utvalg. Derimot er det tydelig at studentene ved HÞyskolen Kristiania opplever en effekt av fysisk aktivitet pÄ oppmerksomhet og konsentrasjonsevne. Oppgaven tar for seg de ulike aspektene fysisk form, hyppighet og intensitet og vurderer de opp mot opplevd konsentrasjonsevne. Resultatene sier noe om de ulike mÄtene studenter opplever at fysisk aktivitet pÄvirker deres konsentrasjonsevne og danner et grunnlag for videre forskning pÄ studenter. Konklusjon Forskning tyder pÄ at fysisk aktivitet har en positiv effekt pÄ studenters oppmerksomhet og konsentrasjonsevne. I tillegg viser resultatene at studentene ved HÞyskolen Kristiania bÄde konsentrerer seg lengre, er mindre rastlÞse og motstÄr distraksjoner lettere nÄr de har vÊrt i fysisk aktivitet. Likevel ble det ikke funnet noen sammenheng mellom fysisk form og treningsmengde og konsentrasjonsevne blant respondentene

    Design and development of a display device for Lippmann plates

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    Semester project to design and develop a display device for use at MusĂ©e de l’ElysĂ©e to display Lippmann plates. Display platform and light fixtures designed to obtain the full spectrum of Lippmann plates
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