26 research outputs found

    Short-chain fatty acid propionate protects from hypertensive cardiovascular damage

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    BACKGROUND: Arterial hypertension and its organ sequelae show characteristics of T cell mediated inflammatory diseases. Experimental anti-inflammatory therapies have been shown to ameliorate hypertensive end-organ damage. Recently, the CANTOS study targeting interleukin-1Ξ² demonstrated that anti-inflammatory therapy reduces cardiovascular risk. The gut microbiome plays pivotal role in immune homeostasis and cardiovascular health. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced from dietary fiber by gut bacteria and affect host immune homeostasis. Here, we investigated effects of the SCFA propionate in two different mouse models of hypertensive cardiovascular damage. METHODS: To investigate the effect of SCFA on hypertensive cardiac damage and atherosclerosis, wild-type NMRI (WT) or ApoE(-/-) deficient mice received propionate (200mM) or control in the drinking water. To induce hypertension, WT mice were infused with Angiotensin (Ang)II (1.44mg/kg/d s.c.) for 14 days. To accelerate the development of atherosclerosis, ApoE(-/-) mice were infused with AngII (0.72mg/kg/d s.c.) for 28 days. Cardiac damage and atherosclerosis were assessed using histology, echocardiography, in vivo electrophysiology, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. Blood pressure was measured by radiotelemetry. Regulatory T cell (Treg) depletion using PC61 antibody was used to examine the mode of action of propionate. RESULTS: Propionate significantly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, vascular dysfunction, and hypertension in both models. Susceptibility to cardiac ventricular arrhythmias was significantly reduced in propionate-treated AngII-infused WT mice. Aortic atherosclerotic lesion area was significantly decreased in propionate-treated ApoE(-/-). Systemic inflammation was mitigated by propionate treatment, quantified as a reduction in splenic effector memory T cell frequencies and splenic T helper 17 cells in both models, and a decrease in local cardiac immune cell infiltration in WT mice. Cardioprotective effects of propionate were abrogated in Treg-depleted AngII-infused mice, suggesting the effect is Treg-dependent. CONCLUSIONS: Our data emphasize an immune-modulatory role of SCFAs and their importance for cardiovascular health. The data suggest that lifestyle modifications leading to augmented SCFA production could be a beneficial non-pharmacological preventive strategy for patients with hypertensive cardiovascular disease

    Wirtschaftliche Herstellung individueller Implantate

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    Selective laser melting

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    SLM von Polylactiden zur Herstellung von resorbierbaren Implantaten

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    Rapid Manufacturing von individuellen Implantaten mittels Selective Laser Melting (SLM) wurde für metallische Standardwerkstoffe in der Medizintechnik (Titanlegierungen, Kobalt-Chrom-Legierungen, Stahl) realisiert. Dies sind permanente Implantate, die entweder dauerhaft im Kârper verbleiben oder in einer zweiten Operation entfernt werden. Eine vom ILT mittels SLM hergestellte Hüftpfanne aus TiAl6V4 konnte bereits erfolgreich im Patienten implantiert werden. Die regenerative Therapie ist jedoch die klinisch bevorzugte Strategie. Das bedeutet, dass der Selbstheilungsprozess des menschlichen Kârpers für die Heilung von großen Knochendefekten genutzt wird. Ein neuer Ansatz zur Implantatfertigung folgt dieser Strategie. Der SLM-Prozess wird für die Verarbeitung von bioresorbierbaren Werkstoffen entwickelt um individuelle Implantate zu fertigen, die im Kârper abgebaut und durch kârpereigenes Knochengewebe ersetzt werden. Diese Arbeit beschreibt die Qualifizierung des SLM Verfahrens für die Verarbeitung von einem Kompositmaterial aus Polylactid / β-Tricalciumphosphat (PDLLA/β-TCP).Rapid Manufacturing of individual implants using SLM was realized for standard materials in medical technology (Titaniumalloys, cobalt-chromium-alloys, steel). Theses are permanent implants which will stay in the body or will be removed in a second surgery. At Fraunhofer ILT an acetabulum cup was manufactured out of TiAl6V4 using SLM. The cup was successfully implanted in the patient. The regenerative therapy is the clinically preferred strategy. The self-regeneration process of the human body is used to heal bone defects. A new approach follows this strategy. The SLM technology is developed to process bioabsorbable materials. Using additive manufacturing individual implants can be manufactured which will dissolve in the body and will be replaced by human bone. This work describes the development of the process technology to manufacture implants with defined porosity out of a composite material polylactide and β-tricalciumphosphate (PLLA/β-TCP)

    Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: сборник Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ² II ΠœΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ конгрСсса, Π³. Вомск, 30 сСнтября - 5 октября 2019 Π³.

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    Π’ сборникС прСдставлСны ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ² ΠœΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ-тСхничСской ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Β«ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ конструкционного ΠΈ мСдицинского назначСния» ΠΈ VIII ΠœΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ-тСхничСской ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, аспирантов ΠΈ студСнтов «ВысокиС Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π² соврСмСнной Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Β». Π’ настоящСС врСмя Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ примСнСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ созданию пСрспСктивных конструкционных ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² мСдицинского назначСния ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… производствСнных Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. РСшСниС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ пСрспСктивных ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ образования с ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΆΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ студСнтов Π΄ΠΎ аспирантов. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ направлСния исслСдований: химичСскиС Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ; Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ использованиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡ‹Ρ€ΡŒΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рСсурсов; Ρ„ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ свСтовая инТСнСрия; ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ надСТности ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. ЦСлью конгрСсса являСтся Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ российских ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ студСнтов Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований Π² области соврСмСнных высоких Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘Π±ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΈΠΊ прСдставляСт интСрСс для студСнтов, аспирантов ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΡΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ соврСмСнного матСриаловСдСния, Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ использования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡ‹Ρ€ΡŒΡ
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