New Strategies in Modeling Electronic Structures and Properties with Applications to Actinides

This chapter discusses contemporary quantum chemical methods and provides general insights into modern electronic structure theory with a focus on heavy-element-containing compounds. We first give a short overview of relativistic Hamiltonians that are frequently applied to account for relativistic effects. Then, we scrutinize various quantum chemistry methods that approximate the $N$-electron wave function. In this respect, we will review the most popular single- and multi-reference approaches that have been developed to model the multi-reference nature of heavy element compounds and their ground- and excited-state electronic structures. Specifically, we introduce various flavors of post-Hartree--Fock methods and optimization schemes like the complete active space self-consistent field method, the configuration interaction approach, the Fock-space coupled cluster model, the pair-coupled cluster doubles ansatz, also known as the antisymmetric product of 1 reference orbital geminal, and the density matrix renormalization group algorithm. Furthermore, we will illustrate how concepts of quantum information theory provide us with a qualitative understanding of complex electronic structures using the picture of interacting orbitals. While modern quantum chemistry facilitates a quantitative description of atoms and molecules as well as their properties, concepts of quantum information theory offer new strategies for a qualitative interpretation that can shed new light onto the chemistry of complex molecular compounds.Comment: 43 pages, 3 figures, Version of Recor

Activation of an alkyl C-H bond geminal to an agostic interaction:An unusual mode of base-induced C-H activation

Deuterium labeling studies indicate that base-induced intramolecular C-H activation in the agostic complex 2-D proceeds with exclusive removal of a proton from the methyl arm of an iPr substituent on the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand. Computational studies show that this alkyl C-H bond activation reaction involves deprotonation of one of the C-H bonds that is geminal to the agostic interaction, rather than the agostic C-H bond itself. The reaction is readily accessible at room temperature, and a computed activation barrier of ΔE† calcd = +11.8 kcal/mol is found when the NHC 1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene is employed as the external base. Charge analysis reveals that the geminal hydrogens are in fact more acidic than the agostic proton, consistent with their more facile deprotonation.</p

Activation of an alkyl C-H bond geminal to an agostic interaction:An unusual mode of base-induced C-H activation

Deuterium labeling studies indicate that base-induced intramolecular C-H activation in the agostic complex 2-D proceeds with exclusive removal of a proton from the methyl arm of an iPr substituent on the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand. Computational studies show that this alkyl C-H bond activation reaction involves deprotonation of one of the C-H bonds that is geminal to the agostic interaction, rather than the agostic C-H bond itself. The reaction is readily accessible at room temperature, and a computed activation barrier of ΔE† calcd = +11.8 kcal/mol is found when the NHC 1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene is employed as the external base. Charge analysis reveals that the geminal hydrogens are in fact more acidic than the agostic proton, consistent with their more facile deprotonation.</p

CCDC 679581: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures

CCDC 679580: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures