Análisis de la degradación de los agregados pétreos a causa de la compactación por impactos canteras mitricol y doble a ingeniería

Trabajo de investigaciónCualquier tipo de pavimento debe estar apoyada sobre un conjunto de capas superpuestas, relativamente horizontales que se diseñan y se construyen técnicamente con materiales apropiados y adecuadamente compactados, Estas capas que son no más que agregados pétreos, son sometidas constantemente a cargas ya sea durante la etapa de construcción o en la etapa de operación, lo cual los materiales pueden ser susceptibles a cambios físicos y mecánicos que si no se tienen en cuenta, puede afectar la calidad de la estructura de un pavimento.INTRODUCCIÓN 1. JUSTIFICACIÓN 2. OBJETIVOS 3. MARCO REFERENCIA. 4. MARCO LEGAL. 5. METODOLOGÍA. 6. ANÁLISIS DE RESULTADO. 7. CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONESEspecializaciónEspecialista en Ingeniería de Pavimento

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN