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    Neonatal hemophagocytic syndrome. Case report

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    Introducci贸n: el s铆ndrome hemofagoc铆tico o linfohistiocitosis hemofagoc铆tica se caracteriza por una activaci贸n patol贸gica del sistema inmune mediada por linfocitos T citot贸xicos, natural killers y macr贸fagos, que finalmente fagocitan las c茅lulas hematopoy茅ticas.聽Presentaci贸n de caso: reci茅n nacido a t茅rmino, peso adecuado para la edad gestacional, hijo de madre mult铆para, abortadora habitual, con antecedentes patol贸gicos personales de hipermovilidad articular y gastritis cr贸nica. Naci贸 en buenas condiciones y en su evoluci贸n present贸 distr茅s respiratorio, exantema, fiebre, pancitopenia, hepatomegalia marcada y ferritina s茅rica elevada con empeoramiento cl铆nico-anal铆tico y r谩pida progresi贸n a la disfunci贸n m煤ltiple de 贸rganos, con estudios virol贸gicos negativos y sin crecimiento bacteriano ni mic贸tico. Se diagnostic贸 s铆ndrome hemofagoc铆tico con prescripci贸n de tratamiento espec铆fico: dexametasona e inmunoglobulina a dosis inmunosupresora. El neonato tuvo una evoluci贸n t贸rpida y fallece con 27 d铆as de vida.Conclusiones: el s铆ndrome hemofagoc铆tico en el per铆odo neonatal es dif铆cil de diagnosticar y se comporta como un simulador de muchas enfermedades con r谩pida progresi贸n al fallo multiorg谩nico e implicaciones聽 pron贸sticas muy desfavorables para el paciente.Introduction: hemophagocytic syndrome or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is characterized by a pathological activation of the immune system mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, natural killers and macrophages, which finally phagocytize hematopoietic cells.聽Case presentation: term newborn, appropriate weight for gestational age, son of a multiparous mother, habitual aborter, with a personal pathological history of joint hypermobility and chronic gastritis. He was born in good condition and in his evolution presented respiratory distress, exanthema, fever, pancytopenia, marked hepatomegaly and elevated serum ferritin with clinical-analytical worsening and rapid progression to multiple organ dysfunction, with negative virological studies and no bacterial or fungal growth. Hemophagocytic syndrome was diagnosed and specific treatment was prescribed: dexamethasone and immunoglobulin at immunosuppressive doses. The neonate had a torpid evolution and died at 27 days of life.Conclusions: hemophagocytic syndrome in the neonatal period is difficult to diagnose and behaves as a simulator of many diseases with rapid progression to multiorgan failure and very unfavorable prognostic implications for the patient
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