The effects of hypotensive anaesthesia on otoacoustic emissions: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study with objective outcome measures

The aim of the present study was to compare pre- and post-operative otoacoustic emission examinations of patients who experienced surgery under hypotensive anaesthesia using distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE). Forty-one patients, admitted to our tertiary centre for nasal valve surgery, were prospectively and randomly assigned into two groups. Hypotensive group included 20 patients, while control group included 21 patients. All investigators and patients were blinded to anaesthesia assignment throughout the course of the study. DPOAEs and TEOAEs were performed before surgery and repeated after 15 days in both groups. In control group, DPOAE-DP1 levels per frequency increased significantly in the post-operative period when compared with the preoperative values in all patients. However, DPOAE-DP1 levels decreased significantly in hypotensive group. Similarly, DPOAE-SNR levels per frequency decreased significantly in hypotensive group. In conclusion, we have observed that under the influence of hypotensive general anaesthesia, the amplitudes of OAEs are affected

Distribution of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases- 2 in nasal polyposis and chronic rhinosinusitis

Summary. Nasal polyposis (NP), a chronic inflammatory disease of the upper airway, is a subgroup of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) are considered to play important roles in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis. The aim of the current study was to evaluate and compare the levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and TIMP-2 in NP and CRS with normal nasal mucosa by using immunohistochemistry. Twenty-five patients with NP and fifteen patients with CRS underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. Diseased mucosal samples were obtained from ethmoidal sinuses. Control nasal mucosa (n=10) was obtained from inferior nasal turbinate. Immunohistochemistry for MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and TIMP-2 was performed. The expression of MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-8 significantly increased in NP and CRS compared with control (p<0.05). The distribution of TIMP-2 was higher in CRS than control and NP respectively (p<0.05). MMP-1 immunoreactivity was distributed in the extracellular matrix whereas MMP-2, MMP-8 and TIMP-2 immunostaining was present in the epithelium, submucosal glands, vascular endothelium and inflammatory cells in CRS and NP. We suggest that differences in histological features between CRS and NP might be related to the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and their tissue inhibitor-2

MBL, P2X7, and SLC11A1 gene polymorphisms in patients with oropharyngeal tularemia

WOS: 000386069300016PubMed ID: 27223255Conclusion: A significant association was found of oropharyngeal tularemia with SLC11A1 allele polymorphism (INT4G/C) and MBL2 C+4T (P/Q). These results indicate C allele and Q allele might be a risk factor for the development of oropharyngeal tularemia.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of SLC11A1, MBL, and P2X(7) gene polymorphism with oropharyngeal tularemia.Methods: The study included totally 120 patients who were diagnosed with oropharyngeal tularemia. Frequencies of polymorphisms in the following genes were analyzed both in the patient and control groups in the study: SLC11A1 (5'(GT)(n) Allele 2/3, Int4G/C, 3' UTR, D543N G/A), MBL (MBL2 C+4T (P/Q), and P2X(7) (-762 C/T and 1513 A/C).Results: Among all polymorphisms that were investigated in this study, SLC11A1 gene showed a significance in the distriburtion of polymorphism allelle frequency at the INT4 region. Frequency of C allele was 54 (28%) in patients with oropharyngeal tularemia, and 31 (13%) in the control group (p=0.006 and OR = 1.96 (1.21-3.20)). An association was detected between MBL2 C+4T (P/Q) gene polymorphism and oropharyngeal tularemia (p0.05).Gaziosmanpasa UniversityGaziosmanpasa University [2014/14]This study was supported by the Gaziosmanpasa University (project no: 2014/14)