ENHANCED REVERSIBLE IMAGE DATA HIDING BASED ON BLOCK HISTOGRAM SHIFTING AND PADHM

Due to the enhanced digital media on the web, information security and privacy protection issue have attracted the eye of information communication. Information hiding has become a subject of sizable im-portance. Currently each day there's very big drawback of information hacking into the networking space. There is variety of techniques offered within the trade to over-come this drawback. So, information hiding within the encrypted image is one in all the solutions, however the matter is that the original cover can't be losslessly recov-ered by this system. That’s why recently; additional and additional attention is paid to reversible information concealing in encrypted pictures however this technique drawback low hardiness. A completely unique technique is planned by reserving for embedding information be-fore encoding of the image takes place with the offered algorithmic rule. Currently the authentic person will hide the information simply on the image to produce authen-tication. The transmission and exchange of image addi-tionally desires a high security .This is the review paper regarding this reversible information hiding algorithms obtainable. As a result, because of histogram enlarge-ment and bar graph shifting embedded message and also the host image may be recovered dead. The embedding rate is enhanced and PSNR magnitude relation using novel technique

Plant regeneration from transformed calli of the tree species Casuarina equisetifolia, Linn.

C. equisetifolia is a multipurpose tree, widely used in the afforestation and wasteland development programmes. A successful in vitro plant regeneration protocol has been developed for this tree earlier. Further to this, various parameters necessary for the genetic modification using biolistic gene delivery system were standardized. The chimeric calli after 3 months of selection with appropriate antibiotic showed the transgene  integration in genomic PCR. The chimeric calli developed shoots when cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with phytohormones Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) after it was pre-exposed to an induction medium, (MS with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and Kinetin (Kin) at concentrations of 2mg/l and 0.5mg/l respectively) for 30 days. Excised microshoots when treated with Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) followed by Abscisic Acid (ABA) developed roots in one month. Three months old plantlets were transferred to green house in pots containing soil and vermiculite (1:1)

Political, economical, social, technological and SWOT analysis of beekeeping as a successful enterprise in India: An overview

Agriculture provides food for more than half of India's population. Entrepreneurial development among rural people is becoming more widely acknowledged as a strategy for overall rural community development. Rural people's entrepreneurial growth is increasingly being recognised as a strategy for achieving total rural community development. Beekeeping is an example of a successful agricultural business. By becoming entrepreneurs, beekeepers can increase their earnings and social capital. By boosting the income of rural beekeepers, reducing poverty, and protecting biological systems through pollination, entrepreneurial behavior contributes to sustainable development. The current review focuses on the several aspects of beekeeping as a profession on the core ideas of beekeeping entrepreneurship, its history, the distribution of honey-producing regions, and the wishes for its entrepreneurship development in India, as well as the important reasons for encouraging entrepreneurship. The current situation of beekeeping entrepreneurship in India, as well as the problems and opportunities it brings, were examined. This study examines the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) and Political, Economical, Social, and Technical (PEST) analyses of beekeeping as a business. As a result, the user is able to extensively research the market before beginning any new business. The focus of the review is on the business elements of beekeeping. In addition, the study highlights the beekeeping industry's future possibilities as well as the regulations sought by the Indian government.

Materialism Versus Spirituality: Neo-Vedanta Approach of Synthesis

Dr Aditya Kumar Gupta, Department of Philosophy, ZHDC, Delhi University, IndiaIn this article I will try to expound and examine the debate of materialism and spiritualism in the context of two cultures: Western and Eastern respectively. It was Vivekananda, a neo or practical vedantin, who attached two isms with two cultures. Western society has excelled in the ‘art of matter’ and focused all their attention on it. The opposite is true of the eastern world. Ignoring the material aspect of life, they have spent their energy on learning the ‘art of soul’. These two societies have remained ignorant of other aspects of life. The result is a paralyzed growth of the human world. This is visible in the process of globalization as well. In the present world, we are following utter materialism in the name of globalization, which results in consumerism. Here, I wish to mention the solution prescribed by Vivekananda. In his view, the remedy lies in the synthesis of ‘spirit’ and ‘matter’. For both these cultures, oriental and occidental should come together and learn the missing part from each other. Westerners should learn from eastern people about spirituality, whereas the ‘art of matter’ should be learnt under the guidance of westerners. When ‘matter’ and ‘spirit’ go together, a new life will emerge on earth and only such world will be a real ‘global village’

Spontaneous rupture of splenic artery aneurysm in pregnancy: an autopsy-based case report

Splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) is an infrequent form of vascular disease that has a significant potential for rupture, resulting in life-threatening intraperitoneal hemorrhage commonly during pregnancy. The incidence of splenic artery aneurysms has been estimated between 0.01% and 0.98%. We describe a case of sudden death of a 36 years old full term, primigravida female. During autopsy we found ruptured splenic artery aneurysm about 2.0 cm in diameter near hilum with intraperitoneal hemorrhage. It is important to be alert about the possibility of SAA in pregnant women for its early diagnosis, as the chance of it getting ruptured during pregnancy is high with high maternal and fetal mortality rates

A review on pregabalin for the treatment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Pregabalin is an anti-epileptic drug which has been used for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Earlier, it was more prescribed as an adjuvant therapy for treating the partial seizures with or without secondary generalization in adults. It is an antagonist of voltage sensitive calcium ion channel on the presynaptic neuron. Pregabalin has a very good pharmacokinetic profile, possesses linear pharmacokinetics with low inter-variability of subjects. It does not show protein binding and does not interfere with the metabolism of other drugs because pregabalin undergoes very less metabolism. This factor has confirmedly shown that its benefits outweigh the risk. Different clinical trials and case reports have confirmed the fact that is reduces the pain involved in peripheral neuropathy. Though, more drugs have come like tricyclic antidepressant to manage the pain but due to their adverse effects, they are less used. This reappraisal is all about the pregabalin, its role, and where it stands among other drugs for management of pain aassociaed with diabetic peripheral neuropathy

A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY OF INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION DUE TO TUBERCULOSIS.

Introduction Intestinal tuberculosis-related bowel obstruction is notably prevalent in underdeveloped nations. This study aims to explore the factors leading to suboptimal patient outcomes and to detail the surgical treatments, clinicopathological features, and prognoses of tuberculous intestinal obstruction in affected communities. Methods The prospective cohort study spanned 15 months at MGMMC & LSK Kishanganj, involving 123 patients treated surgically for tuberculous intestinal obstruction. Ethical approval was secured from the relevant authorities. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 17.0, employing techniques such as descriptive statistics, chi-square tests for categorical data, and multivariate logistic regression to identify predictors of surgical outcomes. Results The study comprised 123 tuberculosis-related intestinal obstruction patients. Men outnumbered women 1.8 to 1. The median was 11–67 years old. The average age was 21–30. HIV-positive individuals had a median CD4+ count of 225 cells/μl, with 26.3% additionally having pulmonary tuberculosis. 58.5% of patients underwent emergency surgery, and 41.5% had elective surgeries. The most common operative findings were small bowel strictures (72.9%), followed by bands and adhesions (16.9%). An ileo-transverse anastomosis and right hemicolectomy were the most common surgeries at 55.9%. All patients received antituberculous drugs for a year after surgery. Surgical site infection (SSI) was the most common postoperative complication at 37.3% in 42.8%. HIV-positive status and low CD4+ count were the best predictors of SSI (p<0.001). Conclusion Tuberculous intestinal obstruction is highly prevalent and increases morbidity and mortality in the area, with patients often seeking help at advanced disease stages. Early diagnosis and effective treatment require heightened awareness, thorough evaluation, and proactive management. Recommendation Upon potential exposure to tuberculosis, it is critical to regularly monitor for symptoms, understand associated risks, and adhere to recommended preventative strategies.  

Modeling of calibration circuit for partial discharge measurement

Most of the high voltage equipment suffers from failure due to internal faults. The type of fault caused due to insulation failure as a consequence of local electrical stress concentration in the insulation, whether gas, solid or liquid is very widely prevalent. This is called as partial discharge. So, partial discharge detection is highly important for an early detection of insulation failure. In this study, the simulation of partial discharge has been carried out with consideration of a cylindrical void inside an epoxy resin. The PD characteristic is studied by applying different high voltages across the insulation, which is necessary for designing of a calibration circuit. A calibration circuit has been modeled in SIMULINK for generation of PD pulses of known charge magnitude. The calibrator was connected across the test object and the pulses were detected via detector. A physical model of calibrator was made and output calibrating pulses were observed at Digital Storage Oscilloscope

Hedonism and Indian philosophy of peace: An examination

This paper deals with critical analysis of western hedonism in the light of Indian theory of peace. Indian Philosophers have made ‘peace’ the goal of worldly human life, which is keeping equidistance from pleasure and pain. Attachment is the reason behind the presence of these two ‘sovereign masters’ of Human life. External thing or any other human being is not capable of indulging us either of them; it is the worldly attachment which brings Pleasure and pain. Pleasure and pain always come together. Western Hedonists could not go to the root of pleasure or pain in life. Their observation was mere empirical. Indian thinkers, except those of Carvaka school, have given a particular philosophy which is Peace oriented and which finds worldly pleasures or pains temporary and mostly ‘man-made’.Dept. Of Philosophy, Faculty Of Arts, University Of DelhiBentham Jeremy, Introduction to the principles of morals and legislation, 2007, Read Books.Mill, John Stuart (1998). Crisp, Roger, ed. Utilitarianism. Oxford University Press.Sidgwick, Henry (1981), Methods of Ethics (7th [Hackett reprint] ed.), Hackett Publishing Co., Yajurveda 36:17.Ish Upanishad, 2009, Advaita Ashram, Kolkata.Kath Upanishad 2009, Advaita Ashram, Kolkata.Chhāndogya Upanishad, 2006, Advaita Ashram, Kolkata.Mundak Upanishad, 2009, Advaita Ashram, Kolkata.R. Malhotra, Being Different: An Indian Challenge to Western Universalism. Delhi: HarperCollins Publishers India. 2011.Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda, Vol II and V, Kolkata, Advaita Ashram, 2006.Rgveda Samhita, Edited Version of Eng Translation by H.H.Wilson, Delhi, Parimal Publication, 2016.A. Rammurty, Advaita: A Conceptual Analysis, Delhi, D.K. Printworld (P) Ltd., 2008.BrahmasātraBhāsya of Sankarācārya, Kolkata, Advaita Ashrama, 2008.The Rider encyclopedia of eastern philosophy and religion. London, Rider, 1989.Williams, Paul. Mahayana Buddhism: the doctrinal foundations. London, Routledge, 1989.Dunads.Paul (2002), The Jains (Second ed.), London, Routledge.Rashdall, Hastings, The theory of Good and Evil, The Clarendon Press, United Kingdom, 1907.29/134935

IMPACT OF CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES ON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY USE FOR SUSPECTED APPENDICITIS: A PROSPECTIVE AUDIT STUDY.

Background. The Royal Adelaide Hospital implemented a clinical practice guideline for the treatment of patients with suspected appendicitis. This recommendation suggests using CT scanning sparingly until more research is done. This study compared the CT usage rate for the patients during the pre-and post-guideline implementation periods.  Methods. The prospective audit study included patients who came to the emergency room with symptoms and physical results that suggested they might have appendicitis. During the period following the implementation of the guidelines, these individuals were also prospectively identified if they were referred to the on-call surgical registrar. They were identified via hospital and emergency department databases.  Results. The study included 119 individuals, 88 of whom underwent appendectomies for appendicitis. Following new clinical practice guidelines from the hospital that advised limited use of CT scans—specifically for patients over 50 or obese after a 24-hour observation—CT scan usage decreased from a baseline of 33% to 9%, reflecting a 31% overall reduction and a 24% decrease in unnecessary procedures. Significant reductions were observed in two patient groups: Group 2 (from 6 to 4 CT scans, p = 0.0331) and Group 3 (from 11 to 7, p = 0.0088), demonstrating the guidelines' effectiveness despite some limitations in statistical power.  Conclusion. According to this study, hospitals with high rates of CT use for suspected appendicitis should lower these rates to match the national norm. Clinical practice standards or protocols may help with this effort.  Recommendation. This study recommends that hospitals with high CT scan usage for suspected appendicitis adopt restrictive CT guidelines similar to those at the Royal Adelaide Hospital, focusing on limited use based on clinical inconclusiveness or specific risk factors like obesity or age over 50.