M sub-shell X-ray fluorescence cross-section measurements in high Z elements with X-ray tube photon source

X-ray tube has been used for selective M sub-shell excitations in a single reflection set-up for Pt, Au, Pb, Th and U required for M sub-shell fluorescence cross-sections measurements. Weighted photon energy and total intensity of the incident flux between EM5 edge and tube anode voltage were evaluated following a specific procedure. Comparison of measured cross-sections with the calculated ones from existing DHS/DF model based theoretical data on atomic parameters lend support to the present findings

SIMULATION STUDY OF BLACKHOLE ATTACK IN THE MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS

A wireless ad hoc network is a temporary network set up by wireless nodes usually moving randomly and communicating without a network infrastructure. Due to security vulnerabilities of the routing protocols, however, wireless ad hoc networks may be unprotected against attacks by the malicious nodes. In this study we investigated the effects of Blackhole attacks on the network performance. We simulated Blackhole attacks in Qualnet Simulator and measured the packet loss in the network with and without a blackhole. The simulation is done on AODV (Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector) Routing Protocol. The network performance in the presence of a blackhole is reduced up to 26%

Reviews On Watermarking Techniques : A Survey

Abstract Neural networks have been used in the development of intelligent systems that simulate pattern recognition and object identification. Coin identification by machines relies currently on the assessment of the physical parameters of a coin. An intelligent coin identification system that uses coin patterns for identification helps preventing confusion between different coins of similar physical dimensions. This paper represents algorithm for recognition of the coins of different denomination. Based on the radius of the coin, the coins of different denomination are classified