Linear Canonical Stockwell Transform and the associated Multiresolution Analysis

In this article, we give a new definition of the linear canonical Stockwell transform (LCST) and study its basic properties along with the inner product relation, reconstruction formula and also characterize the range of the transform and show that its range is the reproducing kernel Hilbert space. We also develop a multiresolution analysis (MRA) associated with the proposed transform together with the construction of the orthonormal basis for $L^2(\mathbb{R}).

Timing feedback-inhibition of the male reproductive hormone axis

Hormonal methods of male contraception have addressed feedback-inhbition of the cascade of hormones that has evolved to regulate sperm production but high concentrations of testosterone (T) in the blood have not worked satisfactorily. We hypothesized that an episodic event, such as degranulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the hypothalamus, could be as well inhibited by episodic interference as by continuously-applied suppression. We used a computational model of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis described by Veldhuis et al. to test the hypothesis that episodic administration of T would inhibit GnRH and/or luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. A set of stochastic differential equations model feedback as well as feed-forward actions of GnRH, LH and T. The model predicted feedback-inhibition of GnRH pulses in a dose and frequency dependent manner when transdermal patches or injections delivering pulsatile T were applied. Since the published model did not address the effect of chronic GnRH deprivation on the viability of pituitary gonadotrophes, we introduced a function to address this issue. Incorporation of this function in the model allowed the prediction of a “holiday period” in the contraceptive regimen, during which exogenous T would not be needed to protect from conception. Pulsatile T delivered by real-life transdermal delivery system applied as per a parsimonious regimen reduced secretion of LH and T and fertility. The vitality function, proposed to account for survival and proliferation of pituitary gonadotrophes correlated with in vivo observations as extensive apoptosis in the anterior pituitary was observed after application of transdermal T

Waddling Gait: A complication of valproate therapy and a thought beyond vitamin D deficiency

Proximal muscle weakness is a common presentation in paediatric-orthopaedic clinics and is frequently paired with a vitamin D deficiency diagnosis. Recently, side effects of the extensive use of antiepileptic and antipsychotic drugs such as sodium valproate in childhood disorders are being documented. Sodium valproate causes a time-dependent, drug-induced proximal myopathy. We report a 13-year-old female patient who presented at the Orthopaedic Outpatient Department at Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India, in 2019 with an abnormal gait. The patient was taking a combination therapy of sodium valproate, risperidone and trihexyphenidyl for absence seizures and a mood disorder. Following clinical investigations, the patient was diagnosed with proximal myopathy. As a result of elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase myocardial band levels, sodium valproate was replaced with ethosuximide and a carnitine supplementation was prescribed. The patient fully recovered and regained full mobility. Proximal myopathy had been incorrectly managed and assumed to be caused by a vitamin D deficiency.Keywords: Muscle Weakness; Carnitine; Myopathy; Valproic Acid; Vitamin D Deficiency; Gait; Case Report; India

Stability Analysis of Integrated Pest Management with Impulsive Biological Control

The aim of the present work is to study the dynamics of stage-structured pest control model including biological control, i.e. by releasing of natural enemies and infected pests periodically. It is assumed that only immature susceptible pests are attacked by natural enemies admitting Beddington DeAngelis functional response and mature susceptible pests are contacted by infected pests with bilinear incidence rate and become exposed. The sufficient condition for local stability of pest extinction periodic solution is derived by making use of Floquet’s theory and small amplitude perturbation technique. The global attractivity of pest extinction periodic solution is also established by applying comparison principle of impulsive differential equations

Open tibial fracture with severe soft tissue injury and bone loss managed with ipsilateral fibular transport and its complications: a case report

Massive segmental bone defects of tibia present as a challenging task to manage specially when associated with extensive soft tissue injury. A 30 year old male presented to Paras HMRI hospital, Patna, post road traffic accident with Gustilo Anderson 3B comminuted open tibia shaft fracture and with an external fixator in situ with a grossly inflamed and infected wound. Initially patient was managed with serial wound debridement and skin grafting was done early to obtain adequate soft tissue coverage. The patient then underwent application of Ilizarov external fixator with plan of one level fibular osteotomy for ipsilateral fibular transport. With good outcome of the procedure clinically and radiologically, Ilizarov fixator was removed after time duration of about 1.3 years and limb was immobilized in plaster of Paris (POP) cast which was removed after 8 weeks. Within 1 month of removal of POP cast the patient presented to hospital again with complaints of pain and instability when his leg was run over by his child’s bicycle while playing. Diagnosed as fracture of proximal (transported) fibula he was managed then with locking plates; one of which was used as an internal fixator and the other as external fixator which was outside the body and acted as a support to the operated limb. After about 1 year the external locking plate was removed and patient was able to bear weight on his extremities. Despite various modalities to treat massive tibial gap, fibular transport procedure with Ilizarov external fixator seems to be the most viable option

Scanning optical homodyne detection of high-frequency picoscale resonances in cantilever and tuning fork sensors

Higher harmonic modes in nanoscale silicon cantilevers and microscale quartz tuning forks are detected and characterized using a custom scanning optical homodyne interferometer. Capable of both mass and force sensing, these resonators exhibit high-frequency harmonic motion content with picometer-scale amplitudes detected in a 2.5 MHz bandwidth, driven by ambient thermal radiation. Quartz tuning forks additionally display both in-plane and out-of-plane harmonics. The first six electronically detected resonances are matched to optically detected and mapped fork eigenmodes. Mass sensing experiments utilizing higher tuning fork modes indicate >6x sensitivity enhancement over fundamental mode operation.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Applied Physics Letter

Evaluation of Uterine Biophysical Profile and to Assess its Role in Predicting Conception among Unexplained Primary Infertility Patients

Introduction: Infertility is a devastating disease which affects its victims at a very basic level the ability to reproduce. This can be divisive to the couples involved, their relatives and friends. The influence of infertility can be immense. There are a lot of medical and social consequences of infertility and the psychological sequelae are one of them. Affected patients and their families suffer from loss of esteem, disappointment and depression. Considering the immense effect of infertility on the life of not only the affected couples but also on their families and relatives the present study was conducted with following objective. Objective: To evaluate the Uterine Biophysical Profile and to assess its role in predicting the conception outcome in spontaneous cycles in patients with unexplained primary infertility. Material &Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, U.P. Rural Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Saifaion 55 women with unexplained primary infertility after standard diagnostic work up. Ultrasound (TVS) measurement of all patients was performed in their midcycle of spontaneous cycle. The Uterine Biophysical Profile (UBP) i.e. certain sonographic qualities of the uterus were noted during the normal mid-cycle of these patients. These included 7 parameters: Endometrial thickness in greatest AP dimension of 7 mm or greater (full-thickness measurement), a layered ("5 line") appearance to the endometrium, myometrial contractions causing a wave like motion of the endometrium, homogeneous myometrial echogenicity, uterine artery blood flow (as measured by PI, less than 3.0), blood flow within zone 3 using color doppler technique, myometrial blood flow seen on gray-scale examination. The Uterine Scoring System for Reproduction ("USSR") was used to evaluate the total score. Results: Among 55 unexplained primary infertility patients 24 i.e. 43.63% conceived by serial ultrasonographic monitoring of spontaneous menstrual cycle and timed intercourse. According to USSR, with a ‘perfect score’ of 20, there was 80% conception rate. While 9 /15 patients (i.e 60%) conceived with a score of 17-19.  With a score of 14-16, 10/23 patients conceived i.e. 43.37%.  Only 8.33% conception rate was seen with a low score of < or = 13.  Highest pregnancy rate (60%) was seen with an endometrial thickness of 7-9mm while zone IV endometrial blood flow gave maximum conception rate of 66.66%. Conclusion: UBP can prove to be a simple, reliable, reproducible, rapid and non-invasive tool to predict uterine environment and hence conception outcome