Regional Output Spillovers in China: Estimates from a VAR Model

Interregional spillover effects are central to China’s growth policy; yet relatively little is known about the strength and duration of these spillovers and whether their characteristics have changed over time. This paper examines the spillover of output between the three commonly-used regions of China: coastal, central and western regions. We find that there are strong spillovers from the coastal region to both other regions, from the central region to the western region but that shocks to the western region have no flow-on effect for the other two regions. Thus a policy of developing the coastal region is likely to indirectly benefit the other two regions.Regional Spillovers, China, regional growth

Inter-Regional Spillovers in China: The Importance of Common Shocks and the Definition of Regions

This paper examines the question of inter-regional spillovers in China. We argue that this is a central question in Chinese economic policy, given the marked regional disparities that exist and the concern of policy-makers to ameliorate them. We analyse this question within the framework of a six-region vectorautoregressive model which we subject to extensive sensitivity analysis, with particular attention paid to the effects on the results of strong common output movements. We find the results of dynamic simulations to be importantly dependent on model specification; in particular, they are sensitive to the order in which the variables enter the model. After an assessment of various alternatives, we are able to specify a model with tolerable robustness by using data which has been purged of the effects of national output fluctuations. We find some expected but also some unexpected results. In the first category, the Yellow River and Changjiang River regions are found to have spillover effects on other regions although they are more extensive for the former; the South Western region has no significant spillover effects on the rest of the country, consistently with the results of previous research. However, in contrast both to other research and to our expectations, shocks to the South Eastern region affect mainly the region itself with little spillover to the other regions. The same is true of the North East region while the North West region has extensive spillovers to other regions. We conclude that there is still much to be learned about the magnitude and timing of inter-regional spillovers before firm policy conclusions can be drawn.

Inter-Regional Output Spillovers in China: Disentangling National from Regional Shocks

This paper reports an investigation of the spillover effects of output shocks between regions in China. We use a six-region classification first suggested about two decades ago which still captures relatively homogeneous regions. The six regions are: South East, Changjiang River, Yellow River, North East, South West and North West. We start from a recent paper by Groenewold, Lee and Chen (2005b) which uses the same six regions and a vector autoregressive (VAR) framework. They find that the spillover effects are crucially dependent on the order of the variables in the model and argue that this is due to common national influences. They overcome the “ordering problem” by purging the regional outputs of their common national components using a preliminary regression of regional outputs on national output. We implement an alternative solution to the ordering problem which does not involve this two-step procedure. We proceed by including national output directly into our model. Moreover, we extend their analysis by investigating Granger causality between regional and national output measures as well as block exogeneity. Our results confirm important conclusions of the earlier paper but also raise some interesting differences.

Research on the Willingness to Accept Mobile Internet Advertising Based on Customer Perception---A Case of College Students

The role of the mobile terminal in advertising and marketing has attached increasing attention, but the traditional advertising acceptance model does not consider how the characteristics of mobile Internet advertising affect consumer attitudes and decision-making. Based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the characteristics of groups of college students, a research model of college students\u27 willingness to accept mobile Internet advertising is established. The data of college students\u27 perception and evaluation of mobile Internet advertising are collected by means of questionnaire, and the data are analyzed by SPSS. The results show that the perceived entertainment of mobile Internet advertising and social influence have a significant positive impact on college students\u27 willingness to accept mobile Internet advertising, and the impact of perceived usefulness is not significant. According to the research conclusions, some useful inspirations are put forward for the design and promotion of mobile Internet advertising

Modal analysis of a rectangular variable cross-section beam with multiple cracks under different temperatures

A new method is proposed to calculate natural frequencies of a rectangular variable cross-section beam with multiple cracks under different temperatures. The temperature module is introduced through the elastic modulus, and cracks are modelled by bending springs without mass. Based on the transfer matrix method, the characteristic equation of the cracked beam is derived by the implementation of different boundary conditions. Examples are presented on cantilever beams having different non-uniformity parameters, and the influence of the temperature, the number and geometric parameters of cracks on natural frequencies is also investigated. Compared with results obtained using the Patran FEM method, good agreements are obtained and this analytical method is demonstrated to be feasible