Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is a marker for aggressive salivary gland carcinoma

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is associated with tumorigenesis and progression in diverse human cancers. The present study was aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of AEG-1 in salivary gland carcinomas (SGC).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Real-time PCR and western blot analyses were employed to examine AEG-1 expression in two normal salivary gland tissues, eight SGC tissues of various clinical stages, and five pairs of primary SGC and adjacent salivary gland tissues from the same patient. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to examine AEG-1 protein expression in paraffin-embedded tissues from 141 SGC patients. Statistical analyses was applies to evaluate the diagnostic value and associations of AEG-1 expression with clinical parameters.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>AEG-1 expression was evidently up-regulated in SGC tissues compared with that in the normal salivary gland tissues and in matched adjacent salivary gland tissues. AEG-1 protein level was positively correlated with clinical stage (<it>P </it>< 0.001), T classification (<it>P </it>= 0.008), N classification (<it>P </it>= 0.008) and M classifications (<it>P </it>= 0.006). Patients with higher AEG-1 expression had shorter overall survival time, whereas those with lower tumor AEG-1 expression had longer survival time.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results suggest that AEG-1 expression is associated with SGC progression and may represent a novel and valuable predictor for prognostic evaluation of SGC patients.</p

A Study of the Mechanism of the Congruence of Leader–Follower Power Distance Orientation on Employees’ Task Performance

Based on implicit leadership theory, we examine the congruence effect of leader–follower power distance orientation (PDO) on follower trust in supervisor and work engagement, which in turn influences employees’ task performance. Results of polynomial regressions on 526 dyads supported the congruence effect hypothesis. The results show that (1) the congruence of leader–follower PDO leads to better performance; (2) under the condition of congruence, subordinate task performance is higher when leader–follower PDO matching in low–low ratings congruence than it is in high–high ratings congruence; (3) under the condition of asymmetrical incongruence, the follower had higher task performance when a leader’s PDO is lower than a follower’s PDO; (4) trust in supervisor and the work engagement mediate the effect of congruence of leader–follower PDO on employees’ task performance; (5) trust in supervisor also mediates the effect of congruence of leader–follower PDO on employees’ work engagement