Assembly Bias of Dwarf-sized Dark Matter Haloes

Previous studies indicate that assembly bias effects are stronger for lower mass dark matter haloes. Here we make use of high resolution re-simulations of rich clusters and their surroundings from the Phoenix Project and a large volume cosmological simulation, the Millennium-II run, to quantify assembly bias effects on dwarf-sized dark matter haloes. We find that, in the regions around massive clusters, dwarf-sized haloes ([10^9,10^{11}]\ms) form earlier ($\Delta z \sim 2$ in redshift) and possess larger $V_{\rm max}$ ($\sim20$) than the field galaxies. We find that this environmental dependence is largely caused by tidal interactions between the ejected haloes and their former hosts, while other large scale effects are less important. Finally we assess the effects of assembly bias on dwarf galaxy formation with a sophisticated semi-analytical galaxy formation model. We find that the dwarf galaxies near massive clusters tend to be redder ($\Delta(u-r) = 0.5$) and have three times as much stellar mass compared to the field galaxies with the same halo mass. These features should be seen with observational data.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted by MNRA

Coded Modulation and Impairment Compensation Techniques in Optical Fiber Communication

This chapter deals with coded modulation and impairment compensation techniques in optical fiber communication. Probabilistic shaping is a new coded modulation technology, which can reduce transmission power by precoding, reduce bit error rate and improve communication rate. We proposed a probabilistic shaping 16QAM modulation scheme based on trellis coded modulation. Experimental results show that this scheme can achieve better optical SNR gain and BER performance. On the other hand, in order to meet the demand of transmission rate of next generation high speed optical communication systems, multi-dimensional modulation and coherent detection are sufficiently applied. The imperfect characteristics of optoelectronic devices and fiber link bring serious impairments to the high baud-rate and high order modulation format signal, causes of performance impairment are analyzed, pre-compensation and receiver side’s DSP techniques designed for coherent systems are introduced

Chloridobis(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)copper(II) tetra­kis­(nitrato-κ2 O,O′)(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)terbate(III)

The title complex salt, [CuCl(C12H8N2)2][Tb(NO3)4(C12H8N2)], consists of discrete [CuCl(phen))2]+ cations and [Tb(NO3)4(phen)]− anions (phen is 1,10-phenanthroline). The [CuCl(phen))2]+ cation contains a five-coordinate Cu2+ ion, ligated by two bidentate phen ligands and one Cl− ion, exhibiting a distorted CuN4Cl trigonal–bipyramidal geometry. In the [Tb(NO3)4(phen)]− anion, the Tb3+ ion is coordinated by one chelating phen ligand and four chelating nitrates, forming a distorted TbN2O8 bicapped dodeca­hedral configuration. The anions and cations are assembled into a three-dimensional network by weak C—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. There is also a significant π–π stacking inter­action, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.635 (2) Å

Robust Super-Resolution Imaging Based on a Ring Core Fiber with Orbital Angular Momentum

Single fiber imaging technology offers unique insights for research and inspection in difficult to reach and narrow spaces. In particular, ultra-compact multimode fiber (MMF) imaging, has received increasing interest over the past decade. However, MMF imaging will be seriously distorted when subjected to dynamic perturbations due to time-varying mode coupling, and the imaging of space objects via Gaussian beam will be relatively degraded at the edge due to insufficient contrast. Here, a robust super-resolution imaging method based on a ring core fiber (RCF) with orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The OAM modes propagating in the RCF form a series of weakly-coupled mode groups, making our imaging system robust to external perturbations. In addition, a spiral phase plate is used as a vortex filter to produce OAM for edge enhancement, thus improving the image resolution. Furthermore, a few-shot U-Transformer neural network is proposed to enhance the resilience of the developed RCF-OAM imaging system against environmental perturbations. Finally, the developed RCF-OAM imaging system achieves biological image transmission, demonstrating the practicality of our scheme. This pioneering RCF OAM imaging system may have broad applications, potentially revolutionising fields such as biological imaging and industrial non-destructive testing

Constructing an automatic diagnosis and severity-classification model for acromegaly using facial photographs by deep learning.

Due to acromegaly's insidious onset and slow progression, its diagnosis is usually delayed, thus causing severe complications and treatment difficulty. A convenient screening method is imperative. Based on our previous work, we herein developed a new automatic diagnosis and severity-classification model for acromegaly using facial photographs by deep learning on the data of 2148 photographs at different severity levels. Each photograph was given a score reflecting its severity (range 1~3). Our developed model achieved a prediction accuracy of 90.7% on the internal test dataset and outperformed the performance of ten junior internal medicine physicians (89.0%). The prospect of applying this model to real clinical practices is promising due to its potential health economic benefits

Constructing an automatic diagnosis and severity-classification model for acromegaly using facial photographs by deep learning

Abstract: Due to acromegaly’s insidious onset and slow progression, its diagnosis is usually delayed, thus causing severe complications and treatment difficulty. A convenient screening method is imperative. Based on our previous work, we herein developed a new automatic diagnosis and severity-classification model for acromegaly using facial photographs by deep learning on the data of 2148 photographs at different severity levels. Each photograph was given a score reflecting its severity (range 1~3). Our developed model achieved a prediction accuracy of 90.7% on the internal test dataset and outperformed the performance of ten junior internal medicine physicians (89.0%). The prospect of applying this model to real clinical practices is promising due to its potential health economic benefits

The Uyghur Population And Genetic Susceptibility To Type 2 Diabetes: Potential Role For Variants In CDKAL1, JAZF1, and IGF1 Genes

Substantial evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multi-factorial disease with a strong genetic component. A list of genetic susceptibility loci in populations of European and Asian ancestry has been established in the literature. Little is known on the inter-ethnic contribution of such established functional polymorphic variants. We performed a case-control study to explore the genetic susceptibility of 16 selected T2DM-related SNPs in a cohort of 102 Uyghur objects (51 cases and 51 controls). Three of the 16 SNPs showed significant association with T2DM in the Uyghur population. There were significant differences between the T2DM and control groups in frequencies of the risk allelic distributions of rs7754840 (CDKAL1) (p=0.014), rs864745 (JAZF1) (p=0.032), and rs35767 (IGF1) (p=0.044). Carriers of rs7754840-C, rs35767-A, and rs864745-C risk alleles had a 2.32-fold [OR (95% CI): 1.19-4.54], 2.06-fold [OR (95% CI): 1.02-4.17], 0.48-fold [OR (95% CI): 0.24-0.94] increased risk for T2DM, respectively. The cumulative risk allelic scores of these 16 SNPs differed significantly between the T2DM patients and the controls [17.1±8.1 vs. 15.4±7.3; OR (95%CI): 1.27(1.07-1.50), p=0.007]. This is the first study to evaluate genomic variation at 16 SNPs in respective T2DM candidate genes for the Uyghur population compared with other ethnic groups. The SNP rs7754840 in CDKAL1, rs864745 in JAZF1, and rs35767 in IGF1 might serve as potential susceptibility loci for T2DM in Uyghurs. We suggest a broader capture and study of the world populations, including who that are hitherto understudied, are essential for a comprehensive understanding of the genetic/genomic basis of T2DM

Comparison of two different starting dose of rhFSH in GnRH antagonist protocol for patients with normal ovarian reserve

ObjectiveTo evaluate different starting doses of recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (rhFSH) on pregnancy outcomes for patients with normal ovarian reserve during gonadotropin- releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol-controlled ovarian stimulation of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles.MethodsIn this retrospective study, a total of 1138 patients undergoing IVF cycles following the GnRH-ant protocol were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups according to the starting dose of rhFSH. 617 patients received a starting dose of rhFSH of 150 IU, and 521 patients received a starting dose of rhFSH of 225 IU. We compared demographic characteristics, ovarian stimulation and embryological characteristics, and pregnancy and birth outcomes between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the possible effects of the known potential confounding factors on pregnancy outcomes.ResultsThe number of oocytes retrieved in the 150 IU rhFSH group was significantly lower than those in the 225 IU rhFSH group. There was no significant difference between the two groups referring to embryological characteristics. The proportion of fresh embryo transfer in the 150 IU rhFSH group was significantly higher than that in the 225 IU rhFSH group (48.30% vs. 40.90%), and there was no difference in the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the starting dose of rhFSH of 150 IU for ovarian stimulation has a similar pregnancy outcome as starting dose of rhFSH of 225 IU in GnRH-ant protocol for patients with normal ovarian reserve. Considering the potential cost-effectiveness and shorter time to live birth, the starting dose of rhFSH of 150 IU may be more suitable than 225 IU