Observation of the out-of-plane orbital antidamping-like torque

The out-of-plane antidamping-like orbital torque fosters great hope for high-efficiency spintronic devices. Here we report experimentally the observation of out-of-plane antidamping-like torque that could be generated by z-polarized orbital current in ferromagnetic-metal/oxidized Cu bilayers, which is presented unambiguously by the magnetic field angle dependence of spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance signal. The oxidized Cu thickness dependence of orbital torque ratios highlights the interfacial effect would be responsible for the generation of orbital current. Besides that, the oxidized Cu thickness dependence of damping parameter further proves the observation of antidamping-like torque. This result contributes to enriching the orbital-related theory of the generation mechanism of the orbital torque

Stroke and Liver Cirrhosis: A Brief Review of Current Evidence

Stroke and liver cirrhosis are common in our everyday clinical practice, both of which can lead to serious complications. Their association is unclear. In this chapter, we briefly summarized the epidemiology of liver cirrhosis in stroke, reviewed the current evidence regarding the association between liver cirrhosis and stroke, and discussed the potential mechanisms for explaining such an association, such as coagulopathy, hypoperfusion, cardiac diseases, diabetes, and dyslipidemia

Estimation of N2 and N2O ebullition from eutrophic water using an improved bubble trap device

AbstractEbullition pathway of N2 and N2O emission and its importance on nitrogen loss were quantified during a survey of a eutrophic pond located at the subtropical climate zone in China. Using an improved bubble trap device, in situ collection of N2 bubbles was achieved by avoiding the contamination of N2 in the air. Measurements using the device indicated very high ebullition rates (36.3–366.7mlm−2h−1) and N2 ebullition flux (0.025–0.297gm−2h−1) at warmer months of September and October. The ebullition rates and N2 ebullition fluxes dropped sharply in colder months of December and January, ranged 2.5–15.9mlm−2h−1 and 0.002–0.016gm−2h−1, respectively. Distinct spatial variation of ebullition rates, and N2 and N2O ebullition fluxes were observed, with the highest rate at the heavy sediment location. Ebullition of N2O was a very minor fraction of total gaseous nitrogen released to air. The data demonstrated that ebullition could contribute greatly to biogenic N2 fluxes in eutrophic waters with significant bubble emission

Interactions between Plasmodium falciparum skeleton-binding protein 1 and the membrane skeleton of malaria-infected red blood cells

During development inside red blood cells (RBCs), Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites export proteins that associate with the RBC membrane skeleton. These interactions cause profound changes to the biophysical properties of RBCs that underpin the often severe and fatal clinical manifestations of falciparum malaria. P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) is one such exported parasite protein that plays a major role in malaria pathogenesis since its exposure on the parasitised RBC surface mediates their adhesion to vascular endothelium and placental syncytioblasts. En route to the RBC membrane skeleton, PfEMP1 transiently associates with Maurer\u27s clefts (MCs), parasite-derived membranous structures in the RBC cytoplasm. We have previously shown that a resident MC protein, skeleton-binding protein 1 (SBP1), is essential for the placement of PfEMP1 onto the RBC surface and hypothesised that the function of SBP1 may be to target MCs to the RBC membrane. Since this would require additional protein interactions, we set out to identify binding partners for SBP1. Using a combination of approaches, we have defined the region of SBP1 that binds specifically to defined sub-domains of two major components of the RBC membrane skeleton, protein 4.1R and spectrin. We show that these interactions serve as one mechanism to anchor MCs to the RBC membrane skeleton, however, while they appear to be necessary, they are not sufficient for the translocation of PfEMP1 onto the RBC surface. The N-terminal domain of SBP1 that resides within the lumen of MCs clearly plays an essential, but presently unknown role in this process

四方街平台：新锐设计师的集结地

国内服装业由代工走向品牌发展是服装产业发展的必然趋势，随着人民币升值、外贸市场的压力越来越大、代工的利润越来越薄，促使服装企业转型升级，创建自主品牌，获取品牌附加值。广州一家服装厂创始人Kevin在代工厂遭遇滑铁卢之后，立志打造新锐设计师品牌集成平台，四方街网站由此诞生。然而在互联网时代，在服装类企业竞争日渐加剧、产品和服务同质化的背景下，四方街如何整合资源，建立平台商业模式及实施创新运营？面对国内服装行业已经发展成熟的各大电商平台，四方街的核心竞争力和利润点来自何方？四方街能否成功从一间传统服装代工企业转型为设计师品脾集成平台？设计师品牌行业的商业模式如何与互联网平台线上线下整合的战略相结合？像四方街这样的代工企业应如何走向平台模式转型创新之路

Rapidly Simultaneous Determination of Six Effective Components in Cistanche tubulosa by Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Quantitative determination of multiple effective components in a given plant usually requires a very large amount of authentic natural products. In this study, we proposed a rapid and non-destructive method for the simultaneous determination of echinacoside, verbascoside, mannitol, sucrose, glucose and fructose in Cistanche tubulosa by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were conducted on 116 batches of C. tubulosa samples. The DRS data were processed using standard normal variety (SNV) and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) methods. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was utilized to build calibration models for components-of-interest in C. tubulosa. All models were then assessed by calculating the root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), correlation coefficient of calibration (r). The r values of all six calibration models were determined to be greater than 0.94, suggesting each model is reliable. Therefore, the quantitative NIR models reported in this study can be qualified to accurately quantify the contents of six medicinal components in C. tubulosa

An Improved Trilinear Model-Based Angle Estimation Method for Co-Prime Planar Arrays

Angle estimation methods in two-dimensional co-prime planar arrays have been discussed mainly based on peak searching and sparse recovery. Peak searching methods suffer from heavy computational complexity and sparse recovery methods face some problems in selecting the regularization parameters. In this paper, we propose an improved trilinear model-based method for angle estimation for co-prime planar arrays in the view of trilinear decomposition, namely parallel factor analysis. Due to the principle of trilinear decomposition, our method does not require peak searching and can conduct auto-pairing easily, which can reduce the computational loads and avoid parameter selection problems. Furthermore, we exploit the virtual array concept of the whole co-prime planar array through the cross-correlation matrix obtained from the received signal data and present a matrix reconstruction method using the Khatri⁻Rao product to tackle the matrix rank deficiency problem in the virtual array condition. The simulation results show that our proposed method can not only achieve high estimation accuracy with low complexity compared to other similar approaches, but also utilize limited sensor number to implement the angle estimation tasks