3,462 research outputs found
Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg interference in a multi-anticrossing system
We propose a universal analytical method to study the dynamics of a
multi-anticrossing system subject to driving by one single large-amplitude
triangle pulse, within its time scales smaller than the dephasing time. Our
approach can explain the main features of the Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg
interference patterns recently observed in a tripartite system [Nature
Communications 1:51 (2010)]. In particular, we focus on the effects of the size
of anticrossings on interference and compare the calculated interference
patterns with numerical simulations. In addition, Fourier transform of the
patterns can extract information on the energy level spectrum.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.026
Pine needle sections as bioindicator for heavy metals and nutrient deficiency particularly needle sheath for particle pollutants. Abstract Macronutrients (P, S, K, Na, Mg, Ca), heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cd) and Al concentrations as well as values of Ca/Al in the tip, middle, base sections and sheaths of current year and previous year needles of Pinus massoniana from Xiqiao Mountain were analyzed and the distribution patterns of those elements were compared. The results indicated that many elements were unevenly distributed among the different components of needles. Possible deficiency of P, K, Ca, Mn and Al toxicity occurred in needles under air pollution. Heavy metals may threaten the health of Masson pine. Needle sheaths were good places to look for particulate pollutants, in this case including Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd and Al
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