Structural reliability and its sensitivity analysis based on the saddlepoint approximation-line sampling method by dichotomy of golden section

In order to solve the structural reliability and its sensitivity of the implicit nonlinear performance function (PF)  the advantages of the saddlepoint approximation (SA) and line sampling (LS) are merged. Also, the merits of dichotomy and the solution efficiency of the golden section method are combined to propose the saddlepoint approximation-line sampling (SA-LS) method based on the dichotomy of the golden section point. This is complicated and changeable in the non normal variable space, which is a very hot issue of the present international study.  For each sample, it is quick to find its zeropoint in PF along the important line sampling direction by the  previously mentioned dichotomy so that the structural failure probability can be transformed into the mean of a series linear PFs failure probability, and the reliability sensitivity is just the derivative or partial one of the probability with respect to the relational variables. Examples show that the SA-LS method based on the dichotomy of the golden section point is of high precision and fast velocity in analyzing the structural reliability and sensitivity of the implicit nonlinear PF that are complicated and changeable in the non-normal variable space

Two new species of Hypodontolaiminae (Nematoda, Chromadorida, Chromadoridae) from the Yellow Sea with a phylogenetic analysis in the subfamily

Two new species of Hypodontolaiminae, Dichromadora media sp. nov. and Neochromadora parabilineata sp. nov., were isolated and described from the Yellow Sea, China. Dichromadora media sp. nov. is characterized by four long cephalic setae, the amphidial fovea transverse oval in the male and slit-shaped in the female, the pharynx with a single posterior bulb, spicules curved and distally bifurcated, gubernaculum jointed, four (1+3) precloacal supplements papilliform, and the tail conical elongated with a short spinneret. Neochromadora parabilineata sp. nov. is characterized by the buccal cavity with one large hollow dorsal tooth and two small subventral teeth, the pharynx with an obvious posterior bulb, spicules L-shaped and widened medially, gubernaculum boat-shaped, seven cup-shaped and equidistant precloacal supplements, and a long and gradually tapering tail. The phylogenetic analysis of maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference based on rDNA sequences confirmed the taxonomic positions of Neochromadora parabilineata sp. nov. and Dichromadora media sp. nov. within Hypodontolaiminae. Tree topology in Hypodontolaiminae shows the genera Neochromadora, Dichromadora, Ptycholaimellus, and Spilophorella as polyphyletic groups, and the genus Chromadorita as a paraphyletic group

An exploratory survey of money boys and HIV transmission risk in Jilin Province, PR China

This report represents the first exploratory study of Chinese men who provide commercial sex services to other men ("money boys") in Jilin Province, People's Republic of China, through a convenience sample drawn from Changchun and Jilin City. A total of 86 active money boy participants (Changchun, n = 49; Jilin City, n = 37) were surveyed concerning background and demographics, basic HIV transmission knowledge, and sexual practices. The survey indicated that while Jilin Province money boy behavior matches other studies concerning propensity to high risk behavior and significant bridging potential, the Jilin money boys, unlike previous studies, exhibited a high level of basic HIV/AIDS transmission knowledge. In spite of this level of knowledge, none of the participants reported always using a condom in their sexual activities. They also exhibited a high level of awareness of voluntary counseling and testing available in the province, yet relatively few had availed themselves of these services. These preliminary findings will be used as a baseline and springboard for continuing study in the Jilin Province money boy community. Even now, however, it is becoming clear that the dynamics of male commercial sex work may vary greatly depending upon local influences, and will necessitate that future interventions are highly tailored to area-specific circumstances

Petrogenesis of middle Okinawa Trough volcanic rocks: Constraints from lead isotopes in olivine-hosted melt inclusions

Olivine-hosted melt inclusions provide crucial information about their parental magma composition and evolution and represent ideal targets for determining the nature of the poorly understood and still-debated magma sources in the Okinawa Trough, a back-arc basin in the western Pacific. We present the first analyses of the lead (Pb) isotope compositions of olivine-hosted melt inclusions to evaluate the mantle properties and petrogenesis of middle Okinawa Trough volcanic rocks. The melt inclusions have more variable major and trace elements and Pb isotope compositions than the host whole-rock samples. We report the discovery of both high-207Pb/206Pb (> 0.865) and low-207Pb/206Pb (< 0.865) isotope compositions in melt inclusions in individual volcanic rocks, even within a single host olivine, indicating a compositionally heterogeneous magma source. The trace element and Pb isotope characteristics of the melt inclusions show that the magma source is affected by enriched components. We modeled the injection of enriched components into a magma source to explain the generation of the magma heterogeneity. The results indicate that the mixing of Pacific Ocean-type mantle (MORB), an EMI-like component from recycled lower continental crust and EMII-like material from subducted sediments can explain the low-207Pb/206Pb isotope values observed in the melt inclusions. The discovery of small proportions of melt inclusions with high 207Pb/206Pb ratios, high K2O, P2O5, Rb and U contents and low Pb and Cu contents in the studied andesites suggests that the andesitic magma may have been formed by the mixing of materials with different elemental and isotopic compositions. Our study results suggest that pervasive magma mixing may have occurred in the magma source prior to eruption in the Okinawa Trough.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91958213), the National Programme on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction (Grant No. GASIGEOGE-02), the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. MGE2019KG07), the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 133137KYSB20170003), the National Special Fund for the 13th Five Year Plan of COMRA (Grant No. DY135- G2-1-02), the Special Fund for the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province (Grant No. ts201511061), the Qingdao Postdoctoral Applied Research Project, the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2013CB429700) and Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (Grant No. ZR2019BD010)

Multi-omics profiling and digital image analysis reveal the potential prognostic and immunotherapeutic properties of CD93 in stomach adenocarcinoma

BackgroundRecent evidence highlights the fact that immunotherapy has significantly improved patient outcomes. CD93, as a type I transmembrane glycoprotein, was correlated with tumor-associated angiogenesis; however, how CD93 correlates with immunotherapy in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) remains unclear.MethodsTCGA, GTEx, GEO, TIMER2.0, HPA, TISIDB, TCIA, cBioPortal, LinkedOmics, and ImmuCellAI public databases were used to elucidate CD93 in STAD. Visualization and statistical analysis of data were performed by R (Version 4.1.3), GraphPad (Version 8.0.1), and QuPath (Version 0.3.2).ResultsCD93 was highly expressed in STAD compared with adjacent normal tissues. The overexpression of CD93 was significantly correlated with a poor prognosis in STAD. There was a negative correlation between CD93 expression levels with CD93 mutation and methylation in STAD. Our results revealed that CD93 expression was positively associated with most immunosuppressive genes (including PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, and LAG3), immunostimulatory genes, HLA, chemokine, and chemokine receptor proteins in STAD. Furthermore, in STAD, CD93 was noticeably associated with the abundance of multiple immune cell infiltration levels. Functional HALLMARK and KEGG term enhancement analysis of CD93 through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was correlated with the process of the angiogenesis pathway. Subsequently, digital image analysis results by QuPath revealed that the properties of CD93+ cells were statistically significant in different regions of stomach cancer and normal stomach tissue. Finally, we utilized external databases, including GEO, TISIDB, ImmuCellAI, and TCIA, to validate that CD93 plays a key role in the immunotherapy of STAD.ConclusionOur study reveals that CD93 is a potential oncogene and is an indicative biomarker of a worse prognosis and exerts its immunomodulatory properties and potential possibilities for immunotherapy in STAD

Observation of the Anomalous Hall Effect in a Collinear Antiferromagnet

Time-reversal symmetry breaking is the basic physics concept underpinning many magnetic topological phenomena such as the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and its quantized variant. The AHE has been primarily accompanied by a ferromagnetic dipole moment, which hinders the topological quantum states and limits data density in memory devices, or by a delicate noncollinear magnetic order with strong spin decoherence, both limiting their applicability. A potential breakthrough is the recent theoretical prediction of the AHE arising from collinear antiferromagnetism in an anisotropic crystal environment. This new mechanism does not require magnetic dipolar or noncollinear fields. However, it has not been experimentally observed to date. Here we demonstrate this unconventional mechanism by measuring the AHE in an epilayer of a rutile collinear antiferromagnet RuO$_2$. The observed anomalous Hall conductivity is large, exceeding 300 S/cm, and is in agreement with the Berry phase topological transport contribution. Our results open a new unexplored chapter of time-reversal symmetry breaking phenomena in the abundant class of collinear antiferromagnetic materials.Comment: 33 pages, 14 figures, 2 table