Web Based Parking Reservation System

Locating a single parking space in any metropolitan areas are becoming one of the major concerns of the society as more vehicles owned by citizens. This can be worse during the rush hours due to not knowing whether there are parking spaces available or not. Other than that, even if they there are a space available but it is not confirmed that they will get the respective space or slot. In Malaysia itself, the implementation of a smarter parking system are very low. Most or if not all of the parking area in shopping malls, airports, national parks and etc are managed manually which is quite ineffective [5]. Hence, this project aims to develop a Web Based Parking Reservation System which will aid in providing a smarter parking management [7] [8]. The system is updated in accordance to the current status of the parking areas which will then be displayed to the users or drivers. This is important to be done because, accuracy of information are one of the main things in this system. With this system, users will be able to know whether there are spaces available or not and if there are a space available for their vehicles, they can reserve the slot right away. Using this system as a means to manage parking areas will be more efficient, effective and beneficial for the drivers. This is because, they are able to reserve a space and go to the destination without wasting much time locating a single parking slot. In addition to this there is lesser fuel consumption by the drivers in terms of reduced fuel consumption and as a support to green technology to reduce air pollution

Effects Of Rh-Wma Additive On The Rheological Properties Of Reclaimed Asphalt Binders And The Engineering Properties Of Recycled Mixtures

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) utilization is an option as a sustainable pavement due to its economic and environmental benefits. However, the use of high RAP content in pavement construction implicates high production temperature and hence increasing energy consumption and environmental problems during the asphalt mixture production. Higher asphalt mixture production and compaction temperatures are needed because the RAP binder is oxidized and stiffened. Asphalt mixtures with very high stiffness are more susceptible to fatigue failure. This explains the reason why RAP usage is limited particularly in areas with high amount of aggregates resources. Therefore, this research investigates the performance of a relatively new warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive named RH-WMA additive to reduce asphalt production temperatures. The optimum RH-WMA content was determined through asphalt binder rheological tests. A total of 3% RH-WMA additive by mass of asphalt binder, was incorporated into the recycled asphalt binder and mixture. The effects of RH-WMA additive on recycled asphalt binder and mixture were investigated via chemical properties, rheological properties and mixtures performance test, respectively. The test results showed that the incorporation of RH-WMA additive with asphalt binder decreased the viscosity at high temperature and improved fatigue resistance at intermediate temperature. Viscosity reduction was also observed when RH-WMA additive incorporated with recycled asphalt binder and hence indicated the potential to reduce the production temperature of the RAP mixture. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) test result showed the ability of RH-WMA additive to reduce the effects of aging. The reduced effects on aging is also shown in the rheological master curves at high frequency and/or low temperature. From the rheological master curves, the addition of RH-WMA additive increased the complex modulus and reduced the phase angle values compared to the control sample. This observation showed that the recycled asphalt binder incorporated with RH-WMA additive showed potential improvement in rutting resistance. The optimum binder content (OBC) results based on response surface method (RSM) and multi criteria optimization in recycled asphalt mixture with RH-WMA additive production indicated the significant effects of mixing temperature on the OBC. The performance of recycled asphalt mixtures were improved in terms of stiffness and resistance to rutting. However, the asphalt mixture’s ability to resist fatigue decreased considerably when stiffer RAP from locations R1 and R3 were incorporated in the virgin mixture. The incorporation of RH-WMA additive improved the mixture’s resistance to fatigue. The combined effects of moisture and aging also decreased the fatigue resistance of all mixture types in comparison with unconditioned specimen. In general, the addition of RH-WMA additive can potentially balance the adverse effects of RAP stiffness and hence maximize the benefits of RAP usage

Green Road Construction Using Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement with Warm Mix Additive

Environmental impact and emissions produced from asphalt road construction, promote research on green materials by combining the recycling and warm mix asphalt additive which aims to reduce the environmental impacts. This study evaluates the effects high reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content incorporated with wax warm mix asphalt additive. Milled reclaimed asphalt pavements obtained from local roads were incorporated with a warm mix additive named RH-WMA. These materials were evaluated for the physical and rheological properties, optimum binder content and mechanical properties. It was found that RH-WMA has softening effects on the binder. The additions of 3% RH-WMA content into 40% RAP mixture decreased the optimum binder content and energy consumption. Tests on mechanical properties indicated increased on stiffness with the addition of RAP which indicated better resistance to rutting. Additions of RH-WMA on specimens that subjected to combined effects of moisture and aging showed improvement in fatigue resistance. Hence, integration of RAP and RH-WMA showed potential as a green road construction material

Fracture properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement mixtures with rejuvenator

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) technology has been extensively promoted to conserve depleting virgin materials for asphalt mixtures. High RAP content is desirable from economic and environmental standpoints. However, RAP mixtures become too stiff and require modification such as rejuvenator. This paper presents the evaluation on the fracture characteristics of mixtures prepared with 50% and 70% RAP, with and without rejuvenator that were subjected to indirect tensile strength (ITS) and notched semi-circular bending (SCB) tests. The fractured surfaces of the tested specimens were quantified using geospatial imaging technique to identify the proportion contribution to failure, namely cohesive, adhesive and broken aggregates. The results showed that the fractured rejuvenated mixtures were predominantly of the cohesive type when compared with the non-rejuvenated mixtures. On the other hand, the failure modes of non-rejuvenated mixtures were of the adhesive and aggregate failure types. The measured ITS at two temperatures corresponded with the expected damage trends. Similar behaviour was found in the derived fracture energy and pre-peak slope that were obtained from the SCB pure tensile and tensile-shear load–displacement curves. The findings showed that the fracture properties of rejuvenated mixtures performed comparably with virgin mixtures in terms of fracture toughness, tensile strength and proportion of damage contribution

Web Based Parking Reservation System

Locating a single parking space in any metropolitan areas are becoming one of the major concerns of the society as more vehicles owned by citizens. This can be worse during the rush hours due to not knowing whether there are parking spaces available or not. Other than that, even if they there are a space available but it is not confirmed that they will get the respective space or slot. In Malaysia itself, the implementation of a smarter parking system are very low. Most or if not all of the parking area in shopping malls, airports, national parks and etc are managed manually which is quite ineffective [5]. Hence, this project aims to develop a Web Based Parking Reservation System which will aid in providing a smarter parking management [7] [8]. The system is updated in accordance to the current status of the parking areas which will then be displayed to the users or drivers. This is important to be done because, accuracy of information are one of the main things in this system. With this system, users will be able to know whether there are spaces available or not and if there are a space available for their vehicles, they can reserve the slot right away. Using this system as a means to manage parking areas will be more efficient, effective and beneficial for the drivers. This is because, they are able to reserve a space and go to the destination without wasting much time locating a single parking slot. In addition to this there is lesser fuel consumption by the drivers in terms of reduced fuel consumption and as a support to green technology to reduce air pollution

Compressibility Behaviour of Borneo Tropical Peat Stabilized with Lime-Sand Column

Construction on peat soils can have two alternatives, either to excavate and replace the weak soil or to improve the soil strength using soil stabilizers such as lime and other ground improvement method such as soil column. This paper studies the properties of Borneo tropical peat soil and the effect of lime-sand-column to the value of the void ratio, the coefficient of consolidation, volume compressibility, and compressibility of the stabilized soil. After the engineering properties of the peat were determined, consolidation test was performed to observe the effect of the lime-sand column for 1 and 3 curing days with lime percentages of 3 and 6% lime. Tests were then repeated using a different number of lime-sand column. It was observed that the compressibility of the peat soil was reduced using a longer period of curing, a higher percentage of lime, and a higher number of sand columns

The Impact of Building Information Modelling (BIM) Strategies in Energy Sustainability Elements to Sustainable Campus Using PLS-SEM Approach

This paper establishes a structural relationship between BIM strategies in eleven (11) energy sustainability elements divided into management and technical aspects that impact a sustainable campus. The work established thirteen (13) benchmarks for independent variables and one (1) dependent variable. The exploratory research design used in this study led to the structural model development being the central focus of the study. A judgmental sampling technique was used to distribute a questionnaire survey among local engineers, assistant engineers, and technicians in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. The research population survey employed 78 returned questionnaires. The analysis used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypotheses. The result indicate that the management and technical aspects of Energy Sustainability Elements (ESE) have a significant impact on sustainable campus with path coefficients of 2.447 and 5.032, respectively. The findings have revealed that hypothesis 1 and hypothesis 2 were all positive and significant at the 0.05 level, indicating that these two hypotheses are valid and supported. This study provides valuable information and insights for Malaysian universities to achieve a sustainable campus by adopting building information modelling (BIM) strategies in the context of energy efficiency

The Impact of Building Information Modelling (BIM) Strategies in Energy Sustainability Elements to Sustainable Campus Using PLS-SEM Approach

This paper establishes a structural relationship between BIM strategies in eleven (11) energy sustainability elements divided into management and technical aspects that impact a sustainable campus. The work established thirteen (13) benchmarks for independent variables and one (1) dependent variable. The exploratory research design used in this study led to the structural model development being the central focus of the study. A judgmental sampling technique was used to distribute a questionnaire survey among local engineers, assistant engineers, and technicians in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. The research population survey employed 78 returned questionnaires. The analysis used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypotheses. The result indicate that the management and technical aspects of Energy Sustainability Elements (ESE) have a significant impact on sustainable campus with path coefficients of 2.447 and 5.032, respectively. The findings have revealed that hypothesis 1 and hypothesis 2 were all positive and significant at the 0.05 level, indicating that these two hypotheses are valid and supported. This study provides valuable information and insights for Malaysian universities to achieve a sustainable campus by adopting building information modelling (BIM) strategies in the context of energy efficiency

A Study of Roundabout Sustainability using Traffic Simulation - A Case Study at Ayer Hitam Signalised Intersection

Through urban planning and municipal administration, a sustainable city seeks to solve issues of social, environmental, and economic effect. By integrating environmentally friendly options into local infrastructure, many sustainable efforts are made possible. Vehicle emissions from the road traffic have always been considered one of the most significant sources of global issues due to their harmful effects on the environment and human beings. Additionally, it is currently a concern for sustainability, especially in urban areas. This matter has inspired the researchers to simulate various systems to identify factors and provide solutions for the issue of emission. In this study, VISSIM software was utilised to develop a traffic simulation to estimate emissions level at Ayer Hitam’s signalised intersection in reference to the intersection type as an independent factor. The signalised intersection and a roundabout were chosen to represent controlled and uncontrolled intersections. It aimed to compare the difference in emissions level between the signalised intersection and roundabout. The results of this study show that roundabouts are more effective in enhancing traffic flow than signalised intersections in terms of travel time, delay, queue and have 48.59% lower for (CO), (NOx) and (VOC) emission. An improvement in vehicle emissions results from this study indicates that roundabouts have the potential to contribute to a more sustainable transportation system and sustainable city

The implementation of inclusive design for public buildings in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah

Inclusive design is a main aspect in designing public buildings. Lack of accessibilities (ramp entrance, task lighting, lever door handles and etc.) as part of inclusive design methodology in public buildings used by the people for any purpose, such as, education, entertainment, worship or assembly has decreased a quality of international standard building design which directly has effected end user’s lifestyle, time and money. As the demand to equip our public building with inclusive design facilities has increased due to rapid population growth. Hence, this research paper presents the inclusive design implementation in the existing public buildings in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah which includes identification of design barriers and challenges for persons with disabilities (PWDs), children, elders and caretakers. In summary, this study identified the lack of inclusive design elements for buildings built in the 1980s, where the enactment of the Persons with Disabilities Act 2008 was only enforced on July 7, 2008. Therefore, these buildings improvement will keep people’s diversity and uniqueness by experts proper planning based on experience and feedback which can be found in buildings built in the 2009 and later