Contribution à l'étude de la préparation du muscle à la prestation sportive :adaptations mécaniques et neurophysiologiques

Doctorat en kinésithérapie et réadaptationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

Neural aspects of muscle stretching

Neural mechanisms contribute significantly to the gains that occur in the range of motion about a joint with stretching exercises. In the acute condition, lengthening of a muscle-tendon unit decreases spinal reflex excitability, which reduces passive tension and increases joint range of motion. Similarly, participation in a stretch-training program decreases tonic reflex activity and increases flexibility.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tReviewinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Electromyography of the sprint start

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Mechanical and neurophysiological effects of postural stretching

SCOPUS: cp.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Effets prolonges d'un traitement de fibrolyse diacutanee

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Muscle Fatigue During Dynamic Contractions: Neural vs Muscular Alterations

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EMG and mechanical changes during sprint start at different front block obliquities

The effect of decreased front block obliquity on start velocity was studied during sprint starts. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the medial gastrocnemius (MG), the soleus (Sol), and the vastus medialis (VM) was recorded and analyzed at a 70 degrees, a 50 degrees, and a 30 degrees angle between the foot plate surface and the horizontal. Integrated EMGs (IEMG) were compared with muscle length changes in the MG and Sol in relation to foot and knee movements. The results indicate that decreasing front block obliquity significantly (P < 0.05) increases the start velocity without any change to the total duration of the pushing phase and the overall EMG activity. This improvement in sprint start performance is associated with the enhanced contribution of the MG during eccentric and concentric phases of calf muscles contraction. In the "set position" the initial length of MG and Sol is increased at 50 degrees and 30 degrees as compared with 70 degrees. The subsequent stretch-shortening cycle is improved and contributes more effectively to the speed of the muscle shortening. Moreover, lengthening these muscles during the eccentric phase stretches the muscle spindles, and the reflex activities that contribute to the observed increase in the MG IEMG, are present when the slope of the block is reduced. The results indicate that decreasing front block obliquity induces neural and mechanical modifications that contribute to increasing the sprint start velocity without any increase in the duration of the pushing phase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Decrease in passive tension is associated with an increase in soleus Hoffmann-reflex amplitude during a 1-min constant length stretching of the plantar flexor muscles

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Le stretching musculaire: aspects neurophysiologique et biomécanique

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