4 research outputs found
Application d'une méthodologie d'aide à la décision multicritère dans le cadre du contrôle du trafic aérien, coopération sur plusieurs secteurs
International audienceCet article présente l'application de la Méthodologie MultiCritère d'Aide à la Décision (MMCAD) dans le domaine du contrôle du trafic aérien. Cette MMCAD a tout d'abord pour objectif de comprendre la démarche des contrôleurs aériens dans leurs tâches de détection et de résolution de conflits, dans leur secteur de contrôle, et aussi en coopération avec les secteurs adjacents. Suite à cette analyse, les outils d'aide au contrôle du trafic aérien présents dans la plateforme AMANDA (Automation & MAN-machine Delegation of Action), pourront être étendus pour une utilisation sur les secteurs adjacents, AMANDA ne gérant actuellement qu'un seul secteur de contrôle. Mots clés-contrôle aérien, analyse multicritère, aide à la décision, coopération homme machine, MMCAD, espace de travail commun, AMANDA
Coopération homme-machine soutenue par un espace de travail commun (application au contrôle de trafic aérien)
Les services de la navigation aérienne gèrent l ensemble des appareils qui empruntent l espace aérien français à raison de deux millions cinq cent mille vols en 2002. Cette charge de trafic augmentant de 3 à 5% par an, l enjeu de la recherche présentée dans ce mémoire est de concevoir un système coopératif capable d aider les contrôleurs à absorber cette augmentation de trafic tout en préservant une sécurité optimale. Les enjeux de cette recherche concernent la définition des caractéristiques des outils d'assistance permettant d'aider les opérateurs humains, la définition de la répartition des tâches entre ces opérateurs et ces outils, et enfin les moyens permettant à ces agents de coopérer efficacement. Ceci nécessite notamment que les opérateurs humains puissent contrôler correctement les situations à gérer; i.e. que la conscience de la situation ne soit pas dégradée par l'apport de nouveaux outils. Les travaux de recherche ont visé l'identification du contenu d'un Espace de Travail Commun pour soutenir les activités coopératives des agents, et à définir le savoir-faire d'un nouvel outil d'aide à la résolution de problèmes. Le travail a consisté à modéliser les activités cognitives de deux contrôleurs aériens en situation de coopération. Après l'implémentation sur une plate-forme expérimentale de ces nouveaux concepts, une évaluation a été réalisée avec des contrôleurs professionnels.The French services of the Air-Traffic Control system manage the whole of the aircraft which borrow the French airspace at a rate of two million and five hundred thousand flights in 2002. This load of traffic increasing by 3 to 5% per year. The issues of the research presented in this memory is to conceive a co-operative system able to aid the controllers to maintain an optimal security despite traffic increase. The issues of this research affect the definition of the assistance tool, of the functions allocation between operators and tool, and finally of the means making it possible these agents to effectively co-operate. This requires that human operators can control correctly situations to be managed; i.e. that the situation awareness is not reduced by the contribution of new tools. The research aimed in identification of the contents of a Common Workspace to support the co-operative activities of agents, and definition of the new assistant tool' know-how for problems resolution. Work consisted in modeling of the cognitive activities of two air-traffic controllers in co-operation situation. After the implementation on an experimental platform of these new concepts, an evaluation was carried out with professional controllers.VALENCIENNES-BU Sciences Lettres (596062101) / SudocSudocFranceF
Integrating human factors in the design of intelligent systems: an example in air traffic control
International audienceIn the current organisation of air traffic control, some cooperative activities appear in the work of air traffic controllers, especially between Tactical Controllers (TC) and Planning Controllers (PC), who manage aircraft inside a sector to prevent collisions. These cooperative activities allow building and maintaining a Common Frame of References (COFOR) to be built and maintained. The COFOR is an internal representation of the situation, and introducing specific assistance based on this COFOR not only improves the effectiveness of the human activities, but also improves the controller's situation awareness and the human-machine cooperation. This article presents a study of a project called Automation and MAN-machine Delegation of Action (AMANDA), which proposes assistance to the controllers for resolving aerial conflict. In order to avoid decisional conflict between human operators and the assistance system, AMANDA integrates human strategies for calculating new trajectories that which avoid conflicts and communicates with controllers through a Common Work Space (CWS), which is a physical representation of the human operators' COFORs. This study took place in three steps. The first step, based on an experimental investigation, allowed the content of the COFOR to be defined. In the second step, the CWS supporting human-human and human-machine cooperation and the characteristics of the support tool were defined. In the last one, the proposed principles were evaluated by professional air traffic controllers
Integrating human factors in the design of intelligent systems: an example in air traffic control
International audienceIn the current organisation of air traffic control, some cooperative activities appear in the work of air traffic controllers, especially between Tactical Controllers (TC) and Planning Controllers (PC), who manage aircraft inside a sector to prevent collisions. These cooperative activities allow building and maintaining a Common Frame of References (COFOR) to be built and maintained. The COFOR is an internal representation of the situation, and introducing specific assistance based on this COFOR not only improves the effectiveness of the human activities, but also improves the controller's situation awareness and the human-machine cooperation. This article presents a study of a project called Automation and MAN-machine Delegation of Action (AMANDA), which proposes assistance to the controllers for resolving aerial conflict. In order to avoid decisional conflict between human operators and the assistance system, AMANDA integrates human strategies for calculating new trajectories that which avoid conflicts and communicates with controllers through a Common Work Space (CWS), which is a physical representation of the human operators' COFORs. This study took place in three steps. The first step, based on an experimental investigation, allowed the content of the COFOR to be defined. In the second step, the CWS supporting human-human and human-machine cooperation and the characteristics of the support tool were defined. In the last one, the proposed principles were evaluated by professional air traffic controllers