Gratitude moderates the relation between daily hassles and satisfaction with life in university students

Satisfaction with life as a judgmental cognitive process can be negatively influenced by appraisals of daily events such as hassles. Trait-gratitude — a tendency to appraise, recognize and respond to life events through a grateful— is a determinant of mental health and well-being, and has been shown to be related to positive appraisal of life. The aim of the current study was to investigate the moderating role of trait-gratitude in the relationship between daily hassles and satisfaction with life. In the process of carrying out this study, the French version of the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6) was validated. A total of 328 French undergraduates completed questionnaires measuring gratitude, satisfaction with life, and daily hassles to test the main hypothesis. They also completed optimism, coping strategies, depression, and anxiety questionnaires in order to assess the convergent validity of the French version of the GQ-6. First, the results showed satisfactory psychometric properties of the Gratitude Questionnaire. Second, the results indicated the moderating role of trait-gratitude in the relationship between daily hassles disturbance and satisfaction with life. This study further documents the role of gratitude as a determinant of well-being and provides French-speaking clinicians and researchers with a useful tool to measure grateful disposition

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Gratitude envers soi : Perspectives fondamentale et appliquée à la promotion de la santé mentale

Self-gratitude is a subject of debate within the field of gratitude studies. For some researchers, it is irrelevant to talk about self-gratitude, while for others, such an experience appears to be possible. However, there is no evidence to support either of these claims. Through this thesis, we propose to contribute to the debate by providing data from the study of self-gratitude that will enable to indicate its potential relevance, both for fundamental and applied research. A total of 12 studies were carried out in this thesis. The first study aimed to identify the common and specific characteristics of the concepts of self-gratitude and pride. The results indicate that these are two different concepts, sharing certain features. Studies 2 to 5 aimed to identify the psychometric qualities of the Gratitude Questionnaire and the Self- Gratitude Scale. The results showed good psychometric properties, justifying the use of the Gratitude Questionnaire in a French-speaking context and of the Self-Gratitude Scale in a French-speaking and English-speaking audiences. Studies 6 and 7 collected correlational data from the general population and a population at risk of developing psychopathologies. The results show that gratitude towards oneself is positively associated with indicators and determinants of mental health and well-being and negatively correlated with depressive symptomatology. Study 8, the first experimental study in this work, reports initial findings in favor of the efficacy of self-gratitude journaling in promoting well-being and self- compassion, and in reducing depressive symptomatology. Studies 9 to 11 were devoted to the study of the relationship between self-gratitude and depressive symptomatology. The results indicate that self-gratitude negatively predicts depressive symptomatology, and that interpretation bias is a partial mediator of this relationship. Finally, Study 12 aimed to test these links experimentally, but failed to demonstrate the efficacy of the self-gratitude intervention in promoting positive interpretation bias. Nevertheless, the results show an increase in orientation towards the positive aspects of life after a self-gratitude practice. Overall, this work provides preliminary results in favor of the relevance of self-gratitude, and encourages further study and its use in health promotion contexts.La gratitude envers soi est un objet faisant débat au sein du champ d’études de la gratitude. Pour certains chercheurs, il n’est pas pertinent de parler de gratitude envers soi, tandis que pour d’autres, une telle expérience serait possible. Cependant, aucune donnée n’est apportée aux déclarations faites par les uns comme les autres. A travers ce travail, nous proposons donc de participer au débat en apportant des données issues de l’étude de la gratitude envers soi qui permettront de statuer quant à sa pertinence tant fondamentale qu’appliquée. Ainsi, 12 études ont été́ menées dans le cadre de cette thèse. La première étude avait pour objectif d’identifier les caractéristiques communes et spécifiques des concepts de gratitude envers soi et de fierté́. Les résultats indiquent qu’il s’agit de deux concepts différents, partageant certains traits. Les études 2 à 5 visaient à identifier les qualités psychométriques du Questionnaire de Gratitude et de l’Échelle de Gratitude envers soi. Les résultats témoignent de bonnes qualités psychométriques, justifiant l’usage du Questionnaire de Gratitude en contexte francophone et de l’Échelle de Gratitude envers soi auprès de publics francophone et anglophone. Les études 6 et 7 ont permis la collecte de données corrélationnelles auprès de la population générale et d’une population à risque de développer des psychopathologies. Les résultats indiquent que la gratitude envers soi est positivement associée aux indicateurs et déterminants de la santé mentale et du bien-être et négativement corrélée à la symptomatologie dépressive. L’étude 8, première étude expérimentale de ce travail, témoigne de premiers résultats en faveur de l’efficacité́ d’une pratique du journal de gratitude envers soi pour promouvoir le bien-être et l’auto-compassion ainsi que pour réduire la symptomatologie dépressive. Les études 9 à 11 étaient consacrées à l’étude spécifique de la relation entre la gratitude envers soi et la symptomatologie dépressive. Les résultats indiquent que la gratitude envers soi prédit négativement la symptomatologie dépressive, et que le biais d’interprétation est un médiateur partiel de cette relation. Enfin, l’étude 12 visait à tester expérimentalement ces liens, mais n’a pas mis en évidence une efficacité́ de l’intervention de gratitude envers soi pour promouvoir un biais d’interprétation positif. En revanche, les résultats indiquent une augmentation de l’orientation vers les aspects positifs de la vie après une pratique de gratitude envers soi. Dans son ensemble, ce travail apporte des résultats préliminaires en faveur de la pertinence de la gratitude envers soi et encourage l’approfondissement de son étude ainsi que son utilisation en contexte de promotion de la santé

Self-gratitude : Fundamental and applied perspectives in mental health promotion

La gratitude envers soi est un objet faisant débat au sein du champ d’études de la gratitude. Pour certains chercheurs, il n’est pas pertinent de parler de gratitude envers soi, tandis que pour d’autres, une telle expérience serait possible. Cependant, aucune donnée n’est apportée aux déclarations faites par les uns comme les autres. A travers ce travail, nous proposons donc de participer au débat en apportant des données issues de l’étude de la gratitude envers soi qui permettront de statuer quant à sa pertinence tant fondamentale qu’appliquée. Ainsi, 12 études ont été́ menées dans le cadre de cette thèse. La première étude avait pour objectif d’identifier les caractéristiques communes et spécifiques des concepts de gratitude envers soi et de fierté́. Les résultats indiquent qu’il s’agit de deux concepts différents, partageant certains traits. Les études 2 à 5 visaient à identifier les qualités psychométriques du Questionnaire de Gratitude et de l’Échelle de Gratitude envers soi. Les résultats témoignent de bonnes qualités psychométriques, justifiant l’usage du Questionnaire de Gratitude en contexte francophone et de l’Échelle de Gratitude envers soi auprès de publics francophone et anglophone. Les études 6 et 7 ont permis la collecte de données corrélationnelles auprès de la population générale et d’une population à risque de développer des psychopathologies. Les résultats indiquent que la gratitude envers soi est positivement associée aux indicateurs et déterminants de la santé mentale et du bien-être et négativement corrélée à la symptomatologie dépressive. L’étude 8, première étude expérimentale de ce travail, témoigne de premiers résultats en faveur de l’efficacité́ d’une pratique du journal de gratitude envers soi pour promouvoir le bien-être et l’auto-compassion ainsi que pour réduire la symptomatologie dépressive. Les études 9 à 11 étaient consacrées à l’étude spécifique de la relation entre la gratitude envers soi et la symptomatologie dépressive. Les résultats indiquent que la gratitude envers soi prédit négativement la symptomatologie dépressive, et que le biais d’interprétation est un médiateur partiel de cette relation. Enfin, l’étude 12 visait à tester expérimentalement ces liens, mais n’a pas mis en évidence une efficacité́ de l’intervention de gratitude envers soi pour promouvoir un biais d’interprétation positif. En revanche, les résultats indiquent une augmentation de l’orientation vers les aspects positifs de la vie après une pratique de gratitude envers soi. Dans son ensemble, ce travail apporte des résultats préliminaires en faveur de la pertinence de la gratitude envers soi et encourage l’approfondissement de son étude ainsi que son utilisation en contexte de promotion de la santé.Self-gratitude is a subject of debate within the field of gratitude studies. For some researchers, it is irrelevant to talk about self-gratitude, while for others, such an experience appears to be possible. However, there is no evidence to support either of these claims. Through this thesis, we propose to contribute to the debate by providing data from the study of self-gratitude that will enable to indicate its potential relevance, both for fundamental and applied research. A total of 12 studies were carried out in this thesis. The first study aimed to identify the common and specific characteristics of the concepts of self-gratitude and pride. The results indicate that these are two different concepts, sharing certain features. Studies 2 to 5 aimed to identify the psychometric qualities of the Gratitude Questionnaire and the Self- Gratitude Scale. The results showed good psychometric properties, justifying the use of the Gratitude Questionnaire in a French-speaking context and of the Self-Gratitude Scale in a French-speaking and English-speaking audiences. Studies 6 and 7 collected correlational data from the general population and a population at risk of developing psychopathologies. The results show that gratitude towards oneself is positively associated with indicators and determinants of mental health and well-being and negatively correlated with depressive symptomatology. Study 8, the first experimental study in this work, reports initial findings in favor of the efficacy of self-gratitude journaling in promoting well-being and self- compassion, and in reducing depressive symptomatology. Studies 9 to 11 were devoted to the study of the relationship between self-gratitude and depressive symptomatology. The results indicate that self-gratitude negatively predicts depressive symptomatology, and that interpretation bias is a partial mediator of this relationship. Finally, Study 12 aimed to test these links experimentally, but failed to demonstrate the efficacy of the self-gratitude intervention in promoting positive interpretation bias. Nevertheless, the results show an increase in orientation towards the positive aspects of life after a self-gratitude practice. Overall, this work provides preliminary results in favor of the relevance of self-gratitude, and encourages further study and its use in health promotion contexts

Gratitude Moderates the Relation between Daily Hassles and Satisfaction with Life in University Students

Satisfaction with life as a judgmental cognitive process can be negatively influenced by appraisals of daily events such as hassles. Trait-gratitude&mdash;a tendency to appraise, recognize and respond to life events through being grateful&mdash;is a determinant of mental health and well-being, and has been shown to be related to the positive appraisal of life. The aim of the current study was to investigate the moderating role of trait-gratitude in the relationship between daily hassles and satisfaction with life. In the process of carrying out this study, the French version of the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6) was validated. A total of 328 French undergraduates completed questionnaires measuring gratitude, satisfaction with life, and daily hassles to test the main hypothesis. They also completed optimism, coping strategies, depression, and anxiety questionnaires in order to assess the convergent validity of the French version of the GQ-6. First, the results showed satisfactory psychometric properties of the Gratitude Questionnaire. Second, the results indicated the moderating role of trait-gratitude in the relationship between daily hassles disturbance and satisfaction with life. This study further documents the role of gratitude as a determinant of well-being and provides French-speaking clinicians and researchers with a useful tool to measure grateful disposition

Etude de la microcirculation sublinguale dans le choc hémorragique traumatique

LE KREMLIN-B.- PARIS 11-BU Méd (940432101) / SudocSudocFranceF