Experimental Analysis of Modified CNTs-Based Gas Sensor

As a significant equipment in power system, the operation condition of transformers directly determines the safety of power system. Therefore, it has been an indispensable measure to detect and analyze the dissolved gases in transformers, aiming to estimate the early potential faults in oil‐insulated transformers. In this chapter, the adsorption processes between modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (CNTs‐OH, Ni‐CNTs) and dissolved gases in transformers oil including C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, CH4, CO, and H2 have been simulated based on the first principle theory. Meanwhile, the density of states (DOS), adsorption energy, charge transfer amount, and adsorption distance of adsorption process between CNTs and dissolved gases were calculated. Moreover, two kinds of sensors, mixed acid‐modified CNTs and NiCl2‐modified CNTs, are prepared to conduct the dissolved gases response experiment. Then, the gas response mechanisms were investigated. Finally, the results between response experiment and theoretical calculation were compared, reflecting a good coherence with each other. The CNTs gas sensors possess a relatively high sensitivity and fine linearity, and could be employed in dissolved gas analysis equipment in transformer

A triclinic polymorph with Z = 3 of N,N′-bis­(2-pyrid­yl)oxamide

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C12H10N4O2, contains three half-mol­ecules. Each half-mol­ecule is completed by crystallographic inversion symmetry. The title compound, (I), is a polymorph of the structure, (II), reported by Hsu & Chen [Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. (2004), 1488–1493]. In the original report, the compound crystallized in the tetra­gonal space group P 21c (Z = 8), whereas the structure reported here is triclinic (P , Z = 3). In both forms, each oxamide mol­ecule is almost planar (with maximum deviations are 0.266 and 0.166 Å) and the O atoms are trans oriented. The principal difference between the two forms lies in the different hydrogen-bonding patterns. In (I), two N—H⋯O and one N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules, forming a two-dimensional network, whereas in (II) there are no classical hydrogen bonds to O atoms and only weak C—H⋯O inter­actions are found along with rings of N—H⋯N bonds

Comparative Study of Materials to SF6 Decomposition Components

In order to judge the inside insulation fault of SF6 insulated equipment, the gas-sensing properties to a series of characteristic SF6 decomposition components, SOF2, SO2F2, SO2, H2S, CF4, HF, and SF6, have been studied. In this study, a comparative study of these gas-sensing materials has been made in theoretical and experimental fields to find the optimal gas-sensing material, and put forward the effective approaches to improve the gas-sensing properties of materials

Interplay Between Liver Type 1 Innate Lymphoid Cells and NK Cells Drives the Development of Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Liver contains high frequency of group 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC), which are composed of comparable number of type 1 ILC (ILC1) and natural killer (NK) cells in steady state. Little is known about whether and how the interaction between ILC1 and NK cells affects the development of alcoholic liver disease. METHODS: A mouse model of chronic alcohol abuse plus single-binge (Gao-Binge model) was established. The levels of alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase, hepatic lipid, and inflammatory cytokines or neutrophils were measured to evaluate the degree of liver injury, steatosis, and inflammation. Flow cytometric analysis, cell depletion, or adoptive transfer were used to interrogate the interaction between ILC1 and NK cells. RESULTS: Upon chronic alcohol consumption, NK cells, but not ILC1, underwent apoptosis, resulting in ILC1 dominance among group 1 ILC. Interleukin (IL) 17A expression was up-regulated, and increased IL17A was mainly derived from liver ILC1 after chronic alcohol feeding. Either depletion of ILC1 or neutralization of IL17A could significantly attenuate liver steatosis, inflammation, and injury in alcohol-fed mice. In contrast, normalization of the ILC1/NK cells ratio through NK cells transfer or expanding NK cells had a significant hepatoprotection against alcohol-induced steatohepatitis. Furthermore, NK cell-derived interferon gamma exerted a protective function via inhibiting IL17A production by liver ILC1 during alcoholic steatohepatitis. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study showing that the interplay between liver ILC1 and NK cells occurs and drives the development of alcoholic steatohepatitis. Our findings support further exploration of liver ILC1 or NK cells as a therapeutic target for the treatment of alcohol-associated liver disease

Do the mutations of C1GALT1C1 gene play important roles in the genetic susceptibility to Chinese IgA nephropathy?

Background: The deficiency of beta 1,3 galactose in hinge region of IgA1 molecule played a pivotal role in pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Cosmc, encoded by C1GALT1C1 gene, was indispensable to beta 1,3 galactosylation of IgA1. We designed a serial study to investigate the relationship between the mutations of C1GALT1C1 gene and the genetic susceptibility to IgAN. Methods: Nine hundred and thirty-eight subjects, including 661 patients with IgAN and 277 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Firstly, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of C1GALT1C1 gene were screened. Then the c.-347-190G> A was analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for further case-control association analysis. Secondly the somatic mutations of DNAs from peripheral blood B lymphocytes were detected in 15 patients and 7 normal controls. Results: No significant association was observed between the different alleles or genotypes of c.347-190G>A and IgAN. The patients with different genotypes of C1GALT1C1 gene did not significantly associate with clinical manifestations, including hematuria, proteinuria, and serum creatinine of patients with IgAN. There was no somatic mutation detected in total 202 clones of 22 individuals. Conclusion: The c.-347-190G>A polymorphism and the somatic mutation of encoding region of C1GALT1C1 gene were not significantly related to the genetic susceptibility to IgAN in Northern Chinese population.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000271285100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Genetics & HereditySCI(E)PubMed1ARTICLE1011

Diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of 25 patients with melamine-induced kidney stones complicated by acute obstructive renal failure in Beijing Children’s Hospital

A total of 25 Chinese patients aged 6 to 36 months hospitalised at Beijing Children’s Hospital due to melamine-induced kidney stones complicated by acute obstructive renal failure in 2008 were included in a study in order to diagnose and treat these special cases more effectively. Feeding history, clinical presentation, ultrasound findings, treatments and effects were summarised. Twelve to seventeen months follow-up was reported also. Ultrasound examination showed that calculi were located at the kidney and ureters. Stones were composed of both uric acid and melamine in a molar ratio of 1.2:1 to 2.1:1. Treatments providing liquid plus alkalisation of urine proved to be effective in helping the patients pass the stones. Surgical intervention was needed in severe cases. Renal function returned to normal in all 25 patients after various durations of therapy. Sixty-eight percent of the patients expelled all of the calculi within 3 months, 90% in 6 months and 95% in 9 months, without sequelae till now. Melamine-contaminated milk formula can cause kidney stones in infants, which should be diagnosed by feeding history, clinical symptoms and ultrasound examination. Composition of the stones was not only of melamine but also uric acid. Providing liquid orally or intravenously plus alkalisation of urine proved to promote the removal of the stones. Follow-up of 12 to 17 months after discharge showed no sequelae

Hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of Orostachys japonicus A. Berger extracts in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

The hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of two dietary dosages (0.1% and 0.5%) of water and 80% ethanol extracts from hot-air dried Orostachys japonicus A. Berger were evaluated in the serum and organ tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The STZ-induced diabetic groups supplemented with the O. japonicus extracts showed significantly higher body weight compared to a diabetic control group at the end of experiment. The extracts exhibited substantial hypoglycemic effects by significant reductions of fasting blood glucose levels at all time points tested compared to the initial stage before treatment of the extracts. Declines of serum and hepatic triglyceride levels were greater than declines of total cholesterol in the groups treated with the 0.5% O. japonicus extract (DBW2 and DBE2) when compared to the DBC group. Hepatic glycogen content was higher in the groups treated with O. japonicus extract, while lipid peroxide content was decreased in these treated groups compared to the DBC group. Hepatic antioxidant activity was significantly increased in the groups supplemented with the O. japonicus ethanol extract. The hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of the O. japonicus ethanol extract were significantly greater than the effects of the water extract. Based on this study, it seems that O. japonicus ethanol extract, due to its higher phenolic and flavonoid components than the water extract, may control blood glucose and alleviate hyperlipidemia in diabetes

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13