Generalized Jacobi structures

Jacobi brackets (a generalization of standard Poisson brackets in which Leibniz's rule is replaced by a weaker condition) are extended to brackets involving an arbitrary (even) number of functions. This new structure includes, as a particular case, the recently introduced generalized Poisson structures. The linear case on simple group manifolds is also studied and non-trivial examples (different from those coming from generalized Poisson structures) of this new construction are found by using the cohomology ring of the given group.Comment: Latex2e file. 11 pages. To appear in J. Phys.

A microsatellite marker for yellow rust resistance in wheat

Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) was used to identify molecular markers associated with yellow rust disease resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). DNAs isolated from the selected yellow rust tolerant and susceptible F-2 individuals derived from a cross between yellow rust resistant and susceptible wheat genotypes were used to established a "tolerant" and a "susceptible" DNA pool. The BSA was then performed on these DNA pools using 230 markers that were previously mapped onto the individual wheat chromosomes. One of the SSR markers (Xgwm382) located on chromosome group 2 (A, B, D genomes) was present in the resistant parent and the resistant bulk but not in the susceptible parent and the susceptible bulk, suggesting that this marker is linked to a yellow rust resistance gene. The presence of Xgwm382 was also tested in 108 additional wheat genotypes differing in yellow rust resistance. This analysis showed that 81% of the wheat genotypes known to be yellow rust resistant had the Xgwm382 marker, further suggesting that the presence of this marker correlates with yellow rust resistance in diverse wheat germplasm. Therefore, Xgwm382 could be useful for marker assisted selection of yellow rust resistances genotypes in wheat breeding programs

Meeting the Challenges Facing Wheat Production The Strategic Research Agenda of the Global Wheat Initiative

Wheat occupies a special role in global food security since, in addition to providing 20% of our carbohydrates and protein, almost 25% of the global production is traded internationally. The importance of wheat for food security was recognised by the Chief Agricultural Scientists of the G20 group of countries when they endorsed the establishment of the Wheat Initiative in 2011. The Wheat Initiative was tasked with supporting the wheat research community by facilitating col-laboration, information and resource sharing and helping to build the capacity to address chal-lenges facing production in an increasingly variable environment. Many countries invest in wheat research. Innovations in wheat breeding and agronomy have delivered enormous gains over the past few decades, with the average global yield increasing from just over 1 tonne per hectare in the early 1960s to around 3.5 tonnes in the past decade. These gains are threatened by climate change, the rapidly rising financial and environmental costs of fertilizer, and pesticides, combined with declines in water availability for irrigation in many regions. The international wheat research community has worked to identify major opportunities to help ensure that global wheat pro-duction can meet demand. The outcomes of these discussions are presented in this paper

Identification of simple sequence repeat markers for sweetpotato weevil resistance

The development of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] germplasm with resistance to sweetpotato weevil (SPW) requires an understanding of the biochemical and genetic mechanisms of resistance to optimize crop resistance. The African sweetpotato landrace, ‘New Kawogo’, was reported to be moderately resistant to two species of SPW, Cylas puncticollis and Cylas brunneus. Resistance has been associated with the presence of hydroxycinnamic acids esters (HCAs), but the underlying genetic basis remains unknown. To determine the genetic basis of this resistance, a bi-parental sweetpotato population from a cross between the moderately resistant, white-fleshed ‘New Kawogo’ and the highly susceptible, orange-fleshed North American variety ‘Beauregard’ was evaluated for SPW resistance and genotyped with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to identify weevil resistance loci. SPW resistance was measured on the basis of field storage root SPW damage severity and total HCA ester concentrations. Moderate broad sense heritability (H2 = 0.49) was observed for weevil resistance in the population. Mean genotype SPW severity scores ranged from 1.0 to 9.0 and 25 progeny exhibited transgressive segregation for SPW resistance. Mean genotype total HCA ester concentrations were significantly different (P < 0.0001). A weak but significant correlation (r = 0.103, P = 0.015) was observed between total HCA ester concentration and SPW severity. A total of five and seven SSR markers were associated with field SPW severity and total HCA ester concentration, respectively. Markers IBS11, IbE5 and IbJ544b showed significant association with both field and HCA-based resistance, representing potential markers for the development of SPW resistant sweetpotato cultivars

Etude du protidogramme: à propos de 8100 cas

Il y a plus de 2 Siècles que l'étude des protéines en biologie clinique s'est affirmée comme un des examens biologiques essentiels. En 1776 l'Italien GONTUGNO avait déjà reconnu chez des patients ce que l'on continue à appeler l'albumine urinaire dont la recherche mesure un geste coutumier du praticien. L'analyse et l'identification des protéines dans les liquides biologiques et en particulier le sérum humain a bénéficié des développements successifs de (1) la précipitation par les sels et les solvants organiques selon COHN encore pratiquée dans la préparation de certaines fractions plasmatiques comme le PPSB, (2) l'Electrophorèse, (3) la Chromatographie d'échanges d'ions et (4) la filtration sur Colonne da gel de polymère de dextrane. On assiste avec la connaissance de l’immunologie des protides au passage aux techniques immunochimiques; dont la plus spectaculaire est l' Immuno-électrophorèse, et tout récemment aux techniques radio-immunologiques. En ce qui nous concerne, nous allons essayer très succinctement de rapporter le profil protidique de 8 100 patients hospitalisés au C.H.U. de Rabat entre 1973 à 1976, c'est à dire en l'espace de 3 ans. Les Auteurs rapportent les résultats de 8100 Electrophorèses et 640 immunoélectrophorèses de protides pratiquées entre 1973 et 1976 au Laboratoire d'Hématologie du C.H.U. de Rabat. Des tracés évocateurs de l'affection caractérisant les Syndromes Nééphrétiques 285 cas, les cirrhoses 71 cas et les dysglobulinémies 16 cas. D'autres affections comme la malnutrition, les parasitoses et en particulier le Kala Azar sont soulignés. Le caractère monoclonal de certaines cryoglobulines anticorps où l'excrétion des immunoglobulines est évoquée

Familial carcinoid rectal tumours

Les tumeurs carcinoïdes digestives familiales sont très rares et la localisation rectale n'a été décrite qu'une fois dans la littérature. A ce propos, nous rapportons 2 cas de tumeurs carcinoïdes rectales survenant chez une fratrie de premier degré, caractérisés par une localisation au niveau du bas rectum et une taille < 2 cm. La résection chirurgicale est suivie d'une évolution favorable sans récidive locorégionale à 5 ans pour la soeur et à 3 ans pour le frère

Association study of resistance to Soilborne wheat mosaic virus in U.S. winter wheat

Soilborne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV) is one of the most important winter wheat pathogens worldwide. To identify genes for resistance to the virus in U.S. winter wheat, association study was conducted using a selected panel of 205 elite experimental lines and cultivars from U.S. hard and soft winter wheat breeding programs. Virus symptoms were evaluated twice in virus-infected fields for the panel at Manhattan, KS in spring 2010 and 2011 and for a subpanel of 137 hard winter wheat accessions at Stillwater, OK in spring 2008. At the two locations, 69.8 and 79.5% of cultivars were resistant or moderately resistant to the disease, respectively. After 282 simple-sequence repeat markers covering all wheat chromosome arms were scanned for association in the panel, marker Xgwm469 on the long arm of chromosome 5D (5DL) showed a significant association with the disease rating. Three alleles (Xgwm469-165bp, -167bp, and -169bp) were associated with resistance and the null allele was associated with susceptibility. Correlations between the marker and the disease rating were highly significant (0.80 in Manhattan at P < 0.0001 and 0.63 in Stillwater at P < 0.0001). The alleles Xgwm469-165bp and Xgwm469-169bp were present mainly in the hard winter wheat group, whereas allele Xgwm469-167bp was predominant in the soft winter wheat. The 169 bp allele can be traced back to 'Newton', and the 165 bp allele to Aegilops tauschii. In addition, a novel locus on the short arm of chromosome 4D (4DS) was also identified to associate with the disease rating. Marker Xgwm469-5DL is closely linked to SBWMV resistance and highly polymorphic across the winter wheat accessions sampled in the study and, thus, should be useful in marker-assisted selection in U.S. winter wheat