Incremental multiple objective genetic algorithms

This paper presents a new genetic algorithm approach to multi-objective optimization problemsIncremental Multiple Objective Genetic Algorithms (IMOGA). Different from conventional MOGA methods, it takes each objective into consideration incrementally. The whole evolution is divided into as many phases as the number of objectives, and one more objective is considered in each phase. Each phase is composed of two stages: first, an independent population is evolved to optimize one specific objective; second, the better-performing individuals from the evolved single-objective population and the multi-objective population evolved in the last phase are joined together by the operation of integration. The resulting population then becomes an initial multi-objective population, to which a multi-objective evolution based on the incremented objective set is applied. The experiment results show that, in most problems, the performance of IMOGA is better than that of three other MOGAs, NSGA-II, SPEA and PAES. IMOGA can find more solutions during the same time span, and the quality of solutions is better

Evolving dynamic multiple-objective optimization problems with objective replacement

This paper studies the strategies for multi-objective optimization in a dynamic environment. In particular, we focus on problems with objective replacement, where some objectives may be replaced with new objectives during evolution. It is shown that the Pareto-optimal sets before and after the objective replacement share some common members. Based on this observation, we suggest the inheritance strategy. When objective replacement occurs, this strategy selects good chromosomes according to the new objective set from the solutions found before objective replacement, and then continues to optimize them via evolution for the new objective set. The experiment results showed that this strategy can help MOGAs achieve better performance than MOGAs without using the inheritance strategy, where the evolution is restarted when objective replacement occurs. More solutions with better quality are found during the same time span

AuNR@mSiO2@Au Theranostics for Cancer SERS Detection and Combined Therapy

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A multifunctional gene delivery nanovector for cancer treatment

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Functionalized gold nanorod core-mesoporous silica shell nanodevices with controlled release of anticancer drug

Topic: Nano-structured materials for unique functionsINTRODUCTION: Gold nanorods (AuNRs) can find many biomedical applications including photothermal therapy [1]. AuNRs are normally coated with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) when synthesized via seed-mediated growth, resulting in cytotoxicity and low stability which hinder their medical applications. Coating silica on AuNRs may solve the problem and also makes it possible to conjugate targeting ligands to AuNRs [2]. But the shape and thickness control and functionalization of silica shell are the challenges. The reported methods for coating silica often lack reproducibility and also require precise control of CTAB concentration in AuNR stock solution [3]. This investigation developed a facile method to make folic acid modified AuNR core-mesoporous silica shell (AuNR@mSiO2) nanodevices for anti-cancer applications ...postprin

Three-boson spectrum in the presence of 1D spin-orbit coupling: Efimov's generalized radial scaling law

Spin-orbit coupled cold atom systems, governed by Hamiltonians that contain quadratic kinetic energy terms typical for a particle's motion in the usual Schr\"odinger equation and linear kinetic energy terms typical for a particle's motion in the usual Dirac equation, have attracted a great deal of attention recently since they provide an alternative route for realizing fractional quantum Hall physics, topological insulators, and spintronics physics. The present work focuses on the three-boson system in the presence of 1D spin-orbit coupling, which is most relevant to ongoing cold atom experiments. In the absence of spin-orbit coupling terms, the three-boson system exibits the Efimov effect: the entire energy spectrum is uniquely determined by the $s$-wave scattering length and a single three-body parameter, i.e., using one of the energy levels as input, the other energy levels can be obtained via Efimov's radial scaling law, which is intimately tied to a discrete scaling symmetry. It is demonstrated that the discrete scaling symmetry persists in the presence of 1D spin-orbit coupling, implying the validity of a generalized radial scaling law in five-dimensional space. The dependence of the energy levels on the scattering length, spin-orbit coupling parameters, and center-of-mass momentum is discussed. It is conjectured that three-body systems with other types of spin-orbit coupling terms are also governed by generalized radial scaling laws, provided the system exhibits the Efimov effect in the absence of spin-orbit coupling.Comment: 18 pages and 7 figure

Gold Nanorod Core-mesoporous Silica Shell Nanodevice for Caner Targeting, Imaging and Controlled Drug Release

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