Probing high-momentum component in nucleon momentum distribution by neutron-proton bremsstrahlung {\gamma}-rays in heavy ion reactions

The high momentum tail (HMT) of nucleons, as a signature of the short-range correlations in nuclei, has been investigated by the high-energy bremsstrahlung $\gamma$ rays produced in $^{86}$Kr + $^{124}$Sn at 25 MeV/u. The energetic photons are measured by a CsI(Tl) hodoscope mounted on the spectrometer CSHINE. The energy spectrum above 30 MeV can be reproduced by the IBUU model calculations incorporating the photon production channel from $np$ process in which the HMTs of nucleons is considered. A non-zero HMT ratio of about $15\%$ is favored by the data. The effect of the capture channel $np \to d\gamma$ is demonstrated

Pull factors in choosing a higher education study abroad destination after the massive global immobility: A re-examination from Chinese perspectives

AbstractChinese international students compose the largest group of full-tuition-paying students globally and are important to hosting destinations both culturally and financially. However, the obstructed international mobility caused by COVID-19 has changed their international applications. As the world gradually resumes its previous mobility level, it is important to comprehend what pull factors can effectively attract students for marketing purposes. This quantitative research re-examines the established pull factors considered and valued by prospective Chinese international students and their parents and discovered that (1) a combination of five to six factors can be sufficient for Chinese students to decide on an overseas destination, (2) cost, global rankings, and Chinese employment prospects have become the most substantial factors in destination choices, (3) opportunities for immigration and overseas employment are no longer significant, and (4) students and parents view international education with different interpretations. The marketing implications are discussed

A Comprehensive Exploration of the lncRNA CCAT2: A Pan-Cancer Analysis Based on 33 Cancer Types and 13285 Cases

Whether the lncRNA CCAT2 expression level affects the clinical progression and outcome of cancer patients has not yet been fully elucidated. There is still an inconsistent view regarding the correlation between CCAT2 expression and clinicopathological factors, including survival data. Besides, the regulation mechanism of CCAT2 in human cancer is still unclear. Our study analyzed a large number of publication data and TCGA databases to identify the association of CCAT2 expression with clinicopathological factors and to explore the regulatory mechanisms in human cancers. We designed a comprehensive study to determine the expression of CCAT2 in human cancer by designing a meta-analysis of 20 selected studies and the TCGA database, using StataSE 12.0 to explore the relationship between CCAT2 expression and both the prognosis and clinicopathological features of 33 cancer types and 13285 tumor patients. Moreover, we performed GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses on potential target genes of CCAT2 collected from GEPIA and LncRNA2Target V2.0. The level of CCAT2 expression in tumor tissues is higher than that in paired normal tissues and is significantly associated with a poor prognosis in cancer patients. Besides, overexpression of CCAT2 was significantly associated with tumor size, clinical stage, and TNM classification. Meanwhile, CCAT2 expression is the highest in stage II of human cancer, followed by stage III. Finally, 111 validated target gene symbols were identified, and GO and KEGG demonstrated that the CCAT2 validation target was significantly enriched in several pathways, including microRNAs in the cancer pathway. In summary, CCAT2 can be a potential biomarker associated with the progression and prognosis of human cancer

Species-specific responses of submergedmacrophytes to the presence of a small omnivorous bitterling Acheilognathus macropterus

Recovery of submerged macrophytes has been considered a key factor in the restoration of shallow eutrophic lakes. However, in some subtropical restored lakes, small omnivorous fish dominate the fish assemblages and feed in part on submerged macrophytes. Knowledge of the effects of small omnivores on the growth of submerged macrophytes is scarce and their responses are potentially species-specific, i.e. the growth of some species may be hampered by fish grazing while growth of others may be promoted by the nutrients becoming available by fish excretion. We conducted mesocosm experiments to examine the effects of the small omnivorous bitterling Acheilognathus macropterus, a common species in restored subtropical lakes in China, on nutrient concentrations and the growth of four species of submerged macrophytes (Hydrilla verticillata, Vallisneria denseserrulata, Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum spicatum). We found that the bitterling significantly increased nutrient concentrations via excretion and thereby enhanced the net growth of the less grazed nuisance macrophyte M. spicatum. In contrast, the net growth of C. demersum was reduced by the bitterling, most likely due to grazing as indicated by gut content analyses. Dominance by bitterling may, therefore, pose a threat to the long-term success of lake restoration by provoking a shift in the submerged macrophyte community towards nuisance species through selective grazing. Nutrient excretion may potentially also stimulate the growth of phytoplankton and periphyton, hampering the growth of submerged macrophyte. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Dominance of Myriophyllum spicatum

Re-establishment of macrophyte communities is a key to restore eutrophic shallow lakes. The species composition of the plant communities may change rapidly during the recovery period. A basin in subtropical Lake Qinhu (China) was restored by biomanipulation including fish removal followed by planting of submerged macrophytes in 2011. In September-December 2011, dominance of Vallisneria spinulosa and Ceratophyllum demersum shifted to dominance of Myriophyllum spicatum. Meanwhile, the CPUE (catch per unit effort) showed that the number and biomass of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) demonstrated a marked increase. Stable isotope analyses revealed that grass carp preferred V. spinulosa and C. demersum to M. spicatum. We propose that grazing by grass carp was responsible for the observed shift in dominance towards M. spicatum but as alternative explanations are possible, further tests by controlled experiments are needed to draw firm conclusions

Industrial mass production of nanocrystalline Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 via a solid-liquid method using gluconic acid

Industrial mass production of nanocrystalline Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 via a solid-liquid method using gluconic aci

Microstructure and Wear Resistance of FeCuNiTiAl High-Entropy Alloy Coating on Ti6Al4V Substrate Fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition

In order to improve the hardness and wear resistance of titanium alloys, an equimolar ratio high-entropy alloy (HEA) FeCuNiTiAl coating was fabricated on the surface of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V by means of laser metal deposition for the first time. The microstructure and composition of the HEA coating and the transition zone were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results show that HEA coating and Ti6Al4V have suitable metallurgical bonding, and no defects, such as cracks, are found at the interface. The hardness of the HEA coating is between 450 and 500 HV0.5, which is about 1.5 times that of the Ti6Al4V substrate. Wear tests show that the wear rate of HEA coating is 0.89 × 10−5 mm3/(N·m), while that of Ti6Al4V reaches 53.97 × 10−5 mm3/(N·m), and the wear resistance of substrate is increased 60 times by the HEA coating. The wear mechanism of the Ti6Al4V substrate is mainly abrasive wear, and the wear mechanism of FeCuNiTiAl HEA coating is mainly adhesive wear, accompanied by slight oxidation wear and abrasive wear

Microstructure and Wear Resistance of FeCuNiTiAl High-Entropy Alloy Coating on Ti6Al4V Substrate Fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition

In order to improve the hardness and wear resistance of titanium alloys, an equimolar ratio high-entropy alloy (HEA) FeCuNiTiAl coating was fabricated on the surface of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V by means of laser metal deposition for the first time. The microstructure and composition of the HEA coating and the transition zone were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results show that HEA coating and Ti6Al4V have suitable metallurgical bonding, and no defects, such as cracks, are found at the interface. The hardness of the HEA coating is between 450 and 500 HV0.5, which is about 1.5 times that of the Ti6Al4V substrate. Wear tests show that the wear rate of HEA coating is 0.89 × 10−5 mm3/(N·m), while that of Ti6Al4V reaches 53.97 × 10−5 mm3/(N·m), and the wear resistance of substrate is increased 60 times by the HEA coating. The wear mechanism of the Ti6Al4V substrate is mainly abrasive wear, and the wear mechanism of FeCuNiTiAl HEA coating is mainly adhesive wear, accompanied by slight oxidation wear and abrasive wear