Percutaneous Treatment of Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation in Heart Failure

Heart failure has become a real epidemic condition related to poor outcomes despite advances in medical therapies. Prevalence of significant mitral and/or tricuspid regurgitation is high in patients with advanced heart failure. Novel transcatheter techniques have recently emerged as a minimally invasive alternative in patients deemed high-risk for surgery or inoperable. Among them, MitraClip® system is thus far the first device that received regulatory approval and gained widespread clinical application, especially in patients with functional mitral regurgitation. Furthermore, first experiences with new devices for percutaneous mitral and tricuspid valves repair, and transcatheter mitral valve prosthesis have been increasingly reported. Percutaneous therapies for valvular heart disease have therefore become one of the most promising fields in the present and future of interventional cardiology and heart failure

Resultados a corto-medio plazo en revascularización miocárdica aislada con injerto de arteria mamaria interna bilateral en 497 pacientes

Objetivos: Analizar retrospectivamente los resultados a corto y medio plazo de los pacientes en los que se realizó cirugía de revascularización miocárdica utilizando injerto de arteria mamaria bilateral. Material y métodos: Entre abril/05 y abril/14, 1.041 pacientes consecutivos fueron tratados con revascularización miocárdica aislada, en 497 (47,7%) de los cuales se utilizaron ambas arterias mamarias. Resultados: La edad media fue 63,3 ± 10 años con 248 pacientes (49,9%)  70 años. El 83% de las cirugías se realizó con circulación extracorpórea, con 4 ± 1 puentes/paciente. La prevalencia de diabetes, obesidad, vasculopatía periférica y enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica fue del 31, 18, 15 y 8%, respectivamente. La mortalidad hospitalaria fue del 1,4% (7/497) con EuroSCORE I medio del 4,1%. Durante el postoperatorio presentaron mediastinitis 4 pacientes (0,8%), ictus 10 pacientes (2%), infarto perioperatorio 8 pacientes (1,6%) y precisaron diálisis 13 pacientes (2,6%). No hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos de edad. La supervivencia a 1, 5 y 7 años fue del 98, 95 y 88%, respectivamente. El análisis multivariante identificó la vasculopatía periférica (p = 0,04) como factor de riesgo de mortalidad hospitalaria, y la insuficiencia renal preoperatoria (p = 0,03) y un tiempo de circulación extracorpórea ≥ 200 min (p = 0,004) como factores de riesgo de mediastinitis. Conclusiones: La cirugía de revascularización miocárdica con doble mamaria presenta unos excelentes resultados a corto y medio plazo independientemente de la edad. En pacientes con elevada comorbilidad, especialmente vasculopatía e insuficiencia renal, se debería individualizar la decisión del uso de doble mamaria

Incidence and prognostic implications of late bleeding events after percutaneous mitral valve repair

Objectives: MitraClip is an established therapy for patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) that are considered of high-risk or inoperable. However, late bleeding events (BE) after hospital discharge and their impact on prognosis in this cohort of patients have been poorly investigated. Our purpose is to address the incidence, related factors and clinical implications of BE after hospital discharge in patients treated with MitraClip. Methods: Prospective registry of all consecutive patients (n = 80) who underwent MitraClip implantation in our Institution between June 2014 and December 2017. BE were defined according to MVARC definitions. A combined clinical end-point including admission for heart failure (HF) and all-cause mortality was established to analyze prognostic implications of BE. Results: During a median follow up of 523.5 days, 41 BE were reported in 21 patients. Atrial fibrillation (AF, HR 4.54, CI95% 1.20–17.10) and combined antithrombotic therapy at discharge (HR 3.52, CI95% 1.03–11.34) were independently associated with BE. In the study period, 15 (18.8%) patients died, 20 (25%) were admitted for HF and 29 (36.3%) presented the combined end-point. After multivariable adjustment BE remained independently associated with an adverse outcome (HR 3.80, CI 95% 1.66–8.72). In the subgroup of patients with AF, HAS-BLED score was higher among subjects with BE (3.1 ± 1.3 vs 2.1 ± 0.9, p = 0.003). HAS-BLED score had a significant discrimination power for the occurrence BE (AUC: 0.677 [0.507–0.848]) in this subgroup. Conclusions: BE are common after MitraClip and are associated with an impaired outcome. Strategies to reduce bleeding events are paramount in this cohort of patients. Keywords: MitraClip, Atrial fibrillation, Bleeding event