INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION WITH THE USE OF BIOMASS ASH AND SEWAGE SLUDGE ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE USED FOR ENERGY-RELATED PURPOSES

The experiment was based on two factors: 4 levels of fertilization with ash from biomass-0; I-4.28; II- 8.57; III-12.85 t∙ha-1 and 2 levels of fertilization with sewage sludge: 0; 1-30.3 t∙ha-1. The experimental plant was Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), Gigant cultivar. The contents of nitrogen tended to increase in response to fertilization with sewage sludge and to decrease with a growing dosage of fertilization with biomass ash. The use of municipal sewage sludge as a fertilizer did not produce visible changes in the contents of six macronutrients (carbon, phosphorus, potassium, sulfir, calcium and magnesium) in overground part of Jerusalem artichoke. The use of ash at the dose of 12.8 t∙ha-1 resulted in an increase in potassium contents in the plants, to the level of 5.63 g K∙kg-1 during the first year of trials and the trend was continued in the second year. Biomass chemical stability in 2-year experiment was noted except the content of nitrogen, cadmium and lead which were increasing while the level of sewage sludge increased . The content of zinc, copper, lead and cadmium in overground part of Jerusalem artichoke did not exceed threshold values defined for wood pellets and briquettes by the standards set forth by DIN 51731 1996-10

Analysis of the Content of Macroelements in Soil and Seeds of Winter Rape (Brassica Napus Var. Napus) as a Result of Fertilization using Two-Component Mineral Fertilizers

The subject of the study was an analysis of the influence of two-component mineral fertilizers of Polish, Lithuanian and Russian production on changes in the soil reaction and contents of available phosphorus and potassium as well as exchangeable magnesium after winter rape cultivation and content of macroelements in winter rape seeds. The study also focused on the effect of varying doses of fertilizers used. A two – year field experiment was carried out on soil belongs to loamy sand, the IVa bonitation class. The experimental plant was winter rape, DK EXPLICIT hybrid. The experiment was established using random blocks design in 4 replicates. Two factors were compared in the studies: I. factor - 3 two-component mineral fertilizers of Russian, Lithuanian and Polish production (POLIDAP®). II. factor - 3 doses of fertilization (minimum, optimum, maximum, which were respectively: 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 dt per hectare). Introducing the two-component fertilizers and diversification of their doses was a factor that did not change the soil acidification. Applied two-components fertilizers (Russian, Lithuanian and Polish POLIDAP®) caused an increase in the amount of available phosphorus in the soil, with no differences depending on the fertilizer type. Diversification of doses of two-component fertilizers and potassium salt was reflected in a significant, but not proportional to the dose, increase in the amount of available phosphorus and potassium in the soil. Using fertilizers of Russian, Lithuanian and Polish production (POLIDAP®) during rape cultivation, there was no difference in nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and sulfur contents in the seeds of cultivated winter rape of hybrid DK EXPLICIT cv

Effects of Limestone, Ash from Biomass and Compost Use on Chemical Properties of Soil

The aim of this research was to assess the use of biomass ash for fertilisation of mineral soil. The study involves the analysis of the effects of biomass ash applied to soil on the changes of pH and the content of the available forms of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium as well as on total content of zinc, copper, manganese, nickel, cadmium and lead. The field experiment was conducted in 2013 in Duninowo near Ustka. In experiment grown two plants spring: Spring barley - var. Sebastian, and wheat - var. Bombona. The use of ash from biomass and Biotop compost as fertilisers did not result in any significant changes of soilpH. The use of ash from biomass and Biotop compost caused a significant increase in the contents of available phosphorus, potassium and magnesium in soil. The threshold values of the analysed trace elements in soil, as specified by the Regulation of the Minister of Environment, were not exceeded in any of the fertilising variants in the experiment

The effect of variety and agrotechnical factors on nutritive value of soybean seeds

Celem pracy było określenie wpływu systemów rolniczych, rozmieszczenia roślin w łanie oraz genotypu soi na zawartość podstawowych składników odżywczych. Doświadczenie przeprowadzono w Gospodarstwie Doświadczalnym w Czesławicach należącym do Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie. Pierwszym czynnikiem był system uprawy (ekologiczny i konwencjonalny), drugim – odmiana soi (‘Aldana’ i ‘Merlin’) , trzecim – rozstawa rzędów (35 cm i 22,5 cm). W próbach nasion pochodzących ze zbioru z 2016 roku badano zawartości suchej masy, białka surowego, tłuszczu surowego, włókna surowego, popiołu surowego oraz BAW (związki bezazotowe wyciągowe). Zastosowane w doświadczeniu systemy uprawy oraz rozstawa rzędów nie różnicowały istotnie składu chemicznego nasion soi. Natomiast czynnik odmianowy wpłynął na ich skład chemiczny. Nasiona soi odmiany ‘Aldana’ zawierały istotnie więcej popiołu surowego oraz mniej tłuszczu surowego niż odmiany ‘Merlin’. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań trudno jest jednoznacznie określić wpływ czynników agrotechnicznych na cechy jakościowe nasion. Decydujące znaczenie mają warunki meteorologiczne panujące w okresie wegetacyjnym danego rejonu uprawy oraz genotyp poszczególnych odmian.The objective of the study was to determine the effect of cultivation system, plant arrangement and soybean genotype on the content of nutrients. The experiment was conducted in Czesławice near Lublin. The first factor was the system of cultivation (ecological and conventional), the second one – soybean variety (‘Aldana’ and ‘Merlin’), third – spacing of rows (35 and 22.5 cm). In samples of seed from 2016 harvest, the content of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, crude ash and NFE (nitrogen free extract) was studied. Experimental systems (conventional and ecological) and row spacing (35 and 22.5 cm) did not significantly differentiate the chemical composition of soybean seeds. The varietal factor influenced the chemical composition of soybean seeds. The ‘Aldana’ soybean seeds contained significantly more crude ash and less crude fat than the ‘Merlin’ variety. Based on the study it is difficult to clearly identify the influence of agrotechnical factors on seed quality. It seems that the meteorological conditions prevailing during the growing season of a particular region of cultivation and the genotype of particular varieties appear to be decisive

INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION WITH THE USE OF BIOMASS ASH AND SEWAGE SLUDGE ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE USED FOR ENERGY-RELATED PURPOSES

The experiment was based on two factors: 4 levels of fertilization with ash from biomass-0; I-4.28; II- 8.57; III-12.85 t∙ha-1 and 2 levels of fertilization with sewage sludge: 0; 1-30.3 t∙ha-1. The experimental plant was Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), Gigant cultivar. The contents of nitrogen tended to increase in response to fertilization with sewage sludge and to decrease with a growing dosage of fertilization with biomass ash. The use of municipal sewage sludge as a fertilizer did not produce visible changes in the contents of six macronutrients (carbon, phosphorus, potassium, sulfir, calcium and magnesium) in overground part of Jerusalem artichoke. The use of ash at the dose of 12.8 t∙ha-1 resulted in an increase in potassium contents in the plants, to the level of 5.63 g K∙kg-1 during the first year of trials and the trend was continued in the second year. Biomass chemical stability in 2-year experiment was noted except the content of nitrogen, cadmium and lead which were increasing while the level of sewage sludge increased . The content of zinc, copper, lead and cadmium in overground part of Jerusalem artichoke did not exceed threshold values defined for wood pellets and briquettes by the standards set forth by DIN 51731 1996-10

IMPACT OF LIME, BIOMASS ASH AND COMPOST AS WELL AS PREPARATION OF EM APPLICATIONS ON GRAIN YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF WHEAT

Field experiment was conducted in 2013 in Duninowo (54o539’ N, 16o830’ E). The experimental factors were: I. factor - 6 variants of fertilization, and II. - two level of EM preparations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ash from biomass by comparing its effect with the calcium fertilizer and compost BIOTOPE in conjunction with the preparation of microbiological Effective Microorganisms (EM). The impact of ash from biomass introduced into the soil on yield and yield structure and physiological parameters of spring wheat was analyzed No significant impact of the various variants of fertilizer application on the yielding of spring wheat cv.Bombona was confirmed. As a result of the form of compost fertilizer BIOTOPE, an increase in the content of chlorophyll in leaves of wheat cv Bombona (SPAD) and the size of canopy assimilation area per unit area of the field (LAI). The application of EM did not affect the physiological parameters (yield, the number of ears per area unit, SPAD, LAI) characterizing the spring wheat cv. Bombona

The effect of tillage system and nitrogen fertilization on yield and yield components of winter spelt cultivars (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta L.)

The aim of the present paper is to assess the effect of cultivation systems and varied nitrogen fertilisation doses on yield and yield components of two cultivars and one strain of winter spelt. The experiment was conducted on soil is classified as Haplic Cambisol. Three factors were compared in the course of the experiment: factor I – 2 cultivation systems: reduced tillage and conventional cultivation, factor II – 4 nitrogen fertilisation levels, factor III – cultivar/strain. The plants under analysis were two cultivars of winter spelt: German ‘Frankenkorn’ and Swiss ‘Oberkulmer Rotkorn’ and strain STH 12. There was no significant difference regarding winter spelt grain yield depending on the cultivation system. Nitrogen fertilisation caused a significant increase in yield to a certain threshold which, when exceeded, resulted in a decrease of grain yield. The highest yield was obtained for STH 12 strain. With respect to thousand grain weight, number of ears per m2, number of grains yield per ear, and ear yield, there was a significant relationship with the cultivar factor. SPAD values showed no differences between cultivars. The method of cultivation (conventional vs. reduced tillage) did not show differences for the four analysed yield components and SPAD of winter spelt

Residual impact of two-component mineral fertilizers on the fertility of soil previously cropped to sugar beets

Zróżnicowanie jakości, oferowanych na rynku nawozów dwuskładnikowych różnych producentów polskich i zagranicznych uzasadnia prowadzenie badań dotyczących ich oddziaływania na rośliny i glebę. Celem badań była ocena wpływu rodzaju i dawki mineralnych nawozów dwuskładnikowych na zawartość makroskładników w glebie po uprawie buraka cukrowego. Doświadczenie prowadzono w latach 2014–2017 w miejscowości Lipnik. Rośliną doświadczalną był burak cukrowy odmiany Natura KWS. Dwuczynnikowe doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono w układzie losowanych bloków. I czynnikiem było pochodzenie dwuskładnikowego nawozu mineralnego (N – 18%, P2O5 – 46%): produkcji rosyjskiej, litewskiej i polskiej (POLIDAP®). II czynnikiem była dawka nawożenia fosforem oraz azotem: minimalna, optymalna, maksymalna – odpowiednio 1,0, 2,0 i 3,0 dt nawozu dwuskładnikowego na hektar. Zastosowano nawożenie potasowe w ilości odpowiednio: 1,25, 2,50 i 3,75 dt na hektar w postaci chlorku potasu. W kolejnych latach (2015, 2016 i 2017 r.) realizacji doświadczenia podczas uprawy buraka cukrowego wykonano te same zabiegi agrotechniczne. Nawożenie nawozami dwuskładnikowymi produkcji rosyjskiej i litewskiej nie spowodowało zmiany odczynu gleby. Zastosowanie POLIDAPU® spowodowało istotny spadek pH gleby. Po zastosowaniu nawozu rosyjskiego zasobność gleby w fosfor pozostała na poziomie średnim. W obiektach z nawozami produkcji litewskiej i polskiej zawartość fosforu przyswajalnego w glebie oceniono jako wysoką. Kolejne dawki nawozów powodowały wzrost zawartości fosforu przyswajalnego w glebie, o 12,9, 15,5 i 20,5%, i nie był on proporcjonalny. W doświadczeniu nie stwierdzono zróżnicowanego działania nawozów dwuskładnikowych produkcji: rosyjskiej, litewskiej i polskiej na zawartość w glebie wymiennego magnezu.The diversity in the quality of the two-component fertilizers manufactured by various Polish and foreign producers and present on the market, justifies research into their impact on plants and quality changes in the soil. The aim of the research was of analyze the impact of mineral two-component fertilizers produced by: Russian, Lithuanian and Polish manufacturers on changes in the content of macroelements, in soil after sugar beet cultivation. The effect of doses of the fertilizers used was also analyzed. The experiment was carried out in the years 2014–2017 in the Lipnik. The experimental plant was sugar beet variety Natura KWS. Two factors were compared in the studies: I factor – 3 two-component mineral fertilizers, Russian, Lithuanian and Polish POLIDAP®. II factor – 3 doses of two-component fertilization (minimal, optimal, maximum), which were 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 dt per hectare respectively). Potassium fertilization was applied at rates of 1.25, 2.50 and 3.75 dt per hectare as potassium chloride. Fertilization with two-component fertilizers produced in Russia and Lithuania did not change the pH of the soil. The use of POLIDAP® caused a substantial soil acidification. After applying the Russian fertilizer, the soil’s phosphorus fertility remained at the medium level. The introduction of Lithuanian and Polish fertilizers into the soil changed the values of the content of phosphorus available in soil from low to high. Increasing the dose of fertilizers by 50% caused an increase in the content of phosphorus available in the soil, but it was not proportional to fertilizer rate. There were no discernible differences of the two-component fertilizers produced in Russia, Lithuania or Poland in terms of the content of removable magnesium in the soil

Multicomponent mineral fertilizers vs. soil fertility after winter rape cultivation

The subject of the study was an analysis of the impact of multicomponent mineral fertilizers manufactured in Poland and abroad, on changes in the content of available phosphorus and potassium as well as exchangeable magnesium in the soil. The study also looked at the effect of varying doses of multi-component fertilizers produced in Belarus, Russia and Poland. The experiments were carried out in 2015–2017 in Poland. The experimental plant was winter oilseed rape. The use of compound fertilizers of Belarusian, Russian, and Polish production did not have a significant impact on changes in soil pH during rapeseed cultivation. No differences in the effect of multicomponent fertil-izers on changes in the content of available potassium and ex-changeable magnesium were found. In the soils of both experi-ments, increasing the doses of tested multicomponent fertilizers had significant influence on the increase in the amount of avail-able potassium and did not cause any changes in the abundance of exchangeable magnesium in the soil. Generally similar effects of multicomponent fertilizers Belarusian, Russian and Polish origin on investigated soil properties were noticed