Smart specialization concept and its implication for regional development in non-eu countries

The main objective of this research is to analyze the smart specialization approach of the European Union and the innovation policy approach of China. Through an analysis of publications, as well as official documents of the European Community, it was possible to identify milestones and key factors that influenced innovation policy in Europe. Smart specialization is a place-based approach, which means that it draws on the assets and resources available to regions and Member States and their specific socio-economic challenges to identify unique opportunities for development and growth (JRC, 2018).The study analyzes the challenges Ukraine faced in the first stage of smart implementation of specialization, such as misunderstanding of the concept by different Ministries, low innovation policy creation capacities, lack of relevant data and lack of will. of the business sector. At the same time reviewing the concept of specialization in China deducing that there is a certain degree of overlap of specific industries in the provinces. The provinces tend to choose between as many priorities as possible and this can lead to duplication of efforts, contradicting the idea of smart specialization. Therefore, greater coordination between the provinces is needed to better explore their strengths and improve the allocation of money in R&D and innovation infrastructure and to achieve more synergies in China's development. The research concludes that one of the keypoints of the smart specialization process is the enterprise discovery process. However, implementing smart specialization throughout the European region reveals challenges for many less developed regions, which lack excellent research facilities and the necessary skills.El objetivo principal de esta investigación es analizar el enfoque de especialización inteligente de la Unión Europeay el enfoque de la política de innovación de China.A través de un análisis de publicaciones, así como de documentos oficiales de la Comunidad Europea, se logró identificar hitos y factores clave que influyeron en la política de innovación en Europa. La especialización inteligente es un enfoque basado en el lugar, lo que significa que se basa en los activos y recursos disponibles para las regiones y los Estados miembros y en sus desafíos socioeconómicos específicos con el fin de identificar oportunidades únicas de desarrollo y crecimiento (JRC, 2018). El estudio analiza los desafíos que enfrentó Ucrania en la primera etapa de la implementación inteligente de la especialización, como lo fue el malentendido del concepto por parte de diferentes Ministerios, capacidades de creación de políticas de innovación bajas, falta de datos pertinentes y falta de voluntad del sector empresarial. Al mismo tiempo revisar el concepto de especialización en China deduciendo que hay cierto grado de superposición de industrias específicas en las provincias. Las provincias tienden a elegir entre prioridades tantos como sea posible y esto puede conducir a la duplicación de esfuerzos, lo que contradice la idea de especialización inteligente. Por lo tanto, se necesita una mayor coordinación entre las provincias para explorar mejor sus fortalezas y mejorar la asignación de dinero en infraestructura de I+D e innovación y para lograr más sinergias en el desarrollo de China.La investigación concluye que uno de los puntos clave del proceso de especialización inteligente es el proceso de descubrimiento empresarial. Sin embargo, la implementación de una especialización inteligente en toda la región europea revela desafíos para muchas regiones menos desarrolladas, que carecen de excelentes instalaciones de investigación y de las habilidades necesarias

THE REALITY AND PERSPECTIVES OF ACHIEVING THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS REGARDING POVERTY IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

The novelty of the paper consists in the importance of poverty phenomenon, which has become a serious problem both at national and regional levels in recent years. The main paper objective consists in researching of poverty eradication, which is possible just by finding multilateral and complex solutions, because of the complicated nature of this scourge of society. In this case, the involvement of international organizations has a major importance. According to the EU commitments and of international community, public assistance for development should be increased as soon as possible. But, beneficiary countries, must improve their economic and institutional governance. Thus, the Republic Moldova has aligned itself along with other countries in achieving these objectives. There where used the following research methods: systematic analysis, synthesis, logic, etc. The main scientific results of the authors in this paper are the identification, analysis and systematization of the central elements in fighting with poverty phenomenon in our country taking into account its international character

RESEARCHING THE GENDER ASPECT IN BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT (THE CASE OF MOLDOVA, UKRAINE AND BELARUS)

Abstract The SME sector covers economic operators that substantially differ by many parameters: size of enterprises, types of activity, etc., including entrepreneurs' characteristics -their ethnic, gender, ag

Evaluating Science - a German-Ukrainian experience

This final document of the research project "Eval-Science", funded by the Federal Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF) and the Ukrainian Ministry of Research and Education, summarizes the rationale and main results