Model of a microprocessor device for monitoring the sealing of gas installations with the use of a semiconductor sensor

W publikacji zaprezentowano wyniki prac nad konstrukcją modelu mikroprocesorowego, przenośnego urządzenia do kontroli szczelności instalacji gazowych. W urządzeniu zastosowano tani, półprzewodnikowy czujnik gazów palnych oraz mikrokontroler sterujący urządzeniem. Urządzenie posiada możliwość kalibracji, programowania poziomów alarmowych oraz odczytu wskazań. Przeprowadzono badania urządzenia w celu weryfikacji poprawności jego działania oraz oceny niepewności pomiarów.The article features the results of works on developing a model of a microprocessor, portable device for monitoring the sealing of gas installations. The device was equipped with a cheap semiconductor sensor of combustible gases and a microcontroller responsible for the control of the device. It is possible to calibrate the device and program alarm levels and measurements readout. The tests of the device were conducted in order to verify its operating adequacy and assess measurement errors

Metabolic syndrome is associated with similar long-term prognosis in non-obese and obese patients. An analysis of 45 615 patients from the nationwide LIPIDOGRAM 2004-2015 cohort studies

Aims We aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and long-term all-cause mortality. Methods The LIPIDOGRAM studies were carried out in the primary care in Poland in 2004, 2006 and 2015. MetS was diagnosed based on the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) and Joint Interim Statement (JIS) criteria. The cohort was divided into four groups: non-obese patients without MetS, obese patients without MetS, non-obese patients with MetS and obese patients with MetS. Differences in all-cause mortality was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Results 45,615 participants were enrolled (mean age 56.3, standard deviation: 11.8 years; 61.7% female). MetS was diagnosed in 14,202 (31%) by NCEP/ATP III criteria, and 17,216 (37.7%) by JIS criteria. Follow-up was available for 44,620 (97.8%, median duration 15.3 years) patients. MetS was associated with increased mortality risk among the obese (hazard ratio, HR: 1.88 [95% CI, 1.79-1.99] and HR: 1.93 [95% CI 1.82-2.04], according to NCEP/ATP III and JIS criteria, respectively) and non-obese individuals (HR: 2.11 [95% CI 1.85-2.40] and 1.7 [95% CI, 1.56-1.85] according to NCEP/ATP III and JIS criteria respectively). Obese patients without MetS had a higher mortality risk than non-obese patients without MetS (HR: 1.16 [95% CI 1.10-1.23] and HR: 1.22 [95%CI 1.15-1.30], respectively in subgroups with NCEP/ATP III and JIS criteria applied). Conclusions MetS is associated with increased all-cause mortality risk in non-obese and obese patients. In patients without MetS obesity remains significantly associated with mortality. The concept of metabolically healthy obesity should be revised